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As economic competition is introduced into areas formerly served by public sector monopolies, to what extent do governments lose discretion over their use of the public sector? States of Liberalization examines the impact of the European Union's rigorous single-market competition policy on the abilities of Western European governments to use the public sector to achieve political objectives. Examining several politically contentious sectors, including government purchasing of goods and services, postal services, and public sector financial institutions, Mitchell P. Smith explores and explains the scope and the limits of this transformation. While European economic integration and the application of European Community competition policy have substantially infused competition into public services, the process has been more modest, and more deliberate, than a simple reading of Europe's potent market-making mechanisms would predict.

Competition --- Concurrence --- Europe --- European Union countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Economic integration. --- Social policy. --- Politics and government. --- Intégration économique --- Politique sociale --- Politique et gouvernement --- POLITICAL SCIENCE --- Public Policy / Economic Policy --- Economic History --- Business & Economics --- #SBIB:35H1115 --- #SBIB:35H410 --- #SBIB:327.7H230 --- Bestuurlijke organisatie: centrale besturen: Europa: algemeen --- Beleidscyclus: algemene werken --- Europese Unie: beleid: algemeen --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Intégration économique

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Fossil fuels --- Exports --- Petroleum industry and trade

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Beetham and Lord provide concise and analytical coverage of a key topic within the European Union, that is, the legitimacy of European supra-national governance.

European federation. --- Legitimacy of governments --- Governments, Legitimacy of --- Legitimacy (Constitutional law) --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Revolutions --- Sovereignty --- State, The --- General will --- Political stability --- Regime change --- Federation of Europe --- Pan Europa movement --- Paneuropean federation --- United States of Europe (Proposed) --- Federal government --- Regionalism (International organization) --- European Union. --- E.U. --- Union européenne --- European federation --- Europe

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Feeding Asia in the 21st century will require a second Green Revolution. However, unlike in the first generation, future yield increases will have to be grown using less water and nitrogen in a world of unfavorable climate change - this can only be done by increasing the efficiency of the photosynthetic system, i.e. developing a C4 rice plant. If and when achieved, it would be the first nonevolutionary example of reconstructing the primary metabolism of a plant. The impact of such a scientific achievement would be undeniable, but it requires either a superb feat of genetic engineering or forc

Rice --- Crop yields. --- Photosynthesis. --- Photobiology --- Plants --- Gases from plants --- Crops --- Field crops --- Yields, Crop --- Agricultural productivity --- Soil productivity --- Lowland paddy --- Lowland rice --- Oryza sativa --- Paddy (Plant) --- Padi --- Palay --- Oryza --- Genetic engineering. --- Yields. --- Effect of light on --- Photorespiration --- Yields