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This work is a self-contained elementary exposition of the theory of recursive functionals, that also includes a number of advanced results. Although aiming basically at a theory of higher order computability, attention is restricted to second order functionals, where the arguments are numerical functions and the values, when defined, are natural numbers. This theory is somewhat special, for to some extent it can be reduced to first order theory, but when properly extended and relativized it requires the full machinery of higher order computations. In the theory of recursive monotonic function

Fonctions recursive --- Recursieve functies --- Recursive functions --- Fonctions récursives. --- Recursive functions. --- Fonctions récursives --- Functions, Recursive --- Algorithms --- Arithmetic --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Number theory --- Recursion theory --- Decidability (Mathematical logic) --- Foundations --- Functional analysis. --- Functional calculus --- Calculus of variations --- Functional equations --- Integral equations

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String theory is one of the most active branches of theoretical physics and has the potential to provide a unified description of all known particles and interactions. This book is a systematic introduction to the subject, focused on the detailed description of how string theory is connected to the real world of particle physics. Aimed at graduate students and researchers working in high energy physics, it provides explicit models of physics beyond the Standard Model. No prior knowledge of string theory is required as all necessary material is provided in the introductory chapters. The book provides particle phenomenologists with the information needed to understand string theory model building and describes in detail several alternative approaches to model building, such as heterotic string compactifications, intersecting D-brane models, D-branes at singularities and F-theory.

String models. --- Science --- Mathematical Physics. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions

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Designed as a survey and focused on key examples and movements arranged chronologically from 1903 to 2003, this is the first comprehensive history of modern architecture in Latin America in any language. Runner-up, University Co-op Robert W. Hamilton Book Award, 2015 Modern Architecture in Latin America: Art, Technology, and Utopia is an introductory text on the issues, polemics, and works that represent the complex processes of political, economic, and cultural modernization in the twentieth century. The number and types of projects varied greatly from country to country, but, as a whole, the region produced a significant body of architecture that has never before been presented in a single volume in any language. Modern Architecture in Latin America is the first comprehensive history of this important production. Designed as a survey and focused on key examples/paradigms arranged chronologically from 1903 to 2003, this volume covers a myriad of countries; historical, social, and political conditions; and projects/developments that range from small houses to urban plans to architectural movements. The book is structured so that it can be read in a variety of ways--as a historically developed narrative of modern architecture in Latin America, as a country-specific chronology, or as a treatment of traditions centered on issues of art, technology, or utopia. This structure allows readers to see the development of multiple and parallel branches/historical strands of architecture and, at times, their interconnections across countries. The authors provide a critical evaluation of the movements presented in relationship to their overall goals and architectural transformations.

Architecture --- History --- Histoire de l'architecture --- 20e siècle --- Amerique du Sud --- Amérique Latine --- Architectuur --- architectuur [objectgenre] --- Latijns-Amerika --- Histoire --- architecture [object genre] --- Latin America --- Architecture - Latin America - History - 20th century --- Bullrich, Francisco. --- Le Corbusier, --- Williams, Amancio. --- Vargas, Getúlio,

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Environmental and specific diversity in the Chihuahuan desert in general, and in the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin in particular, has long been recognized as outstanding. This book provides a global ecological overview, together with in-depth studies of specific processes. The Chihuahuan desert is the warmest in North America, and has a complex geologic, climatic and biogeographical history, which affects today’s distribution of vegetation and plants and generates complex phylogeographic patterns. The high number of endemic species reflects this complex set of traits. The modern distribution of environments, including aquatic and subaquatic systems, riparian environments, gypsum dunes and gypsum-rich soils, low levels of phosphorous and organic matter, and high salinity combined with an extreme climate call for a range of adaptations. Plants are distributed in a patchy pattern based on punctual variations, and many of them respond to different resources and conditions with considerable morphological plasticity. In terms of physiological, morphological and ecological variability, cacti were identified as the most important group in specific environments like bajadas, characterized by high diversity values, while gypsophytes and gypsovagues of different phylogenies, including species with restricted distribution and endemics.

Plant systematics. --- Plant taxonomy. --- Plant ecology. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Plant physiology. --- Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography. --- Plant Ecology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Plant Physiology. --- Botany --- Plants --- Physiology --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Botanical classification --- Botanical systematics --- Botanical taxonomy --- Classification --- Plant biosystematics --- Plant classification --- Plant systematics --- Plant taxonomy --- Systematic botany --- Systematics (Botany) --- Taxonomy, Plant --- Plant taxonomists --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Floristic ecology --- Ecologia vegetal --- Plantes --- Deserts --- Mèxic --- Espais naturals --- Estepes --- Planures --- Regions àrides --- Desertització --- Ecologia dels deserts --- Herbes --- Plantes vasculares --- Plantes no vasculares --- Regne vegetal --- Vegetals --- Vida (Biologia) --- Arbres --- Criptògames --- Halòfits --- Males herbes --- Creixement (Plantes) --- Fanerògames --- Fecundació de les plantes --- Fitoplàncton --- Flora --- Flora urbana --- Flors --- Paleobotànica --- Plantes aquàtiques --- Plantes aromàtiques --- Plantes carnívores --- Flora amenaçada --- Plantes endèmiques --- Plantes farratgeres --- Plantes llenyoses --- Plantes paràsites --- Plantes silvestres --- Plantes suculentes --- Plantes transgèniques --- Plantes tropicals --- Plantes útils --- Botànica --- Vegetació --- Aclimatació (Plantes) --- Ecologia --- Al·lelopatia --- Associacions vegetals --- Corredors biològics --- Ecofisiologia vegetal --- Ecologia forestal --- Fenologia --- Fitogeografia --- Mecanismes de defensa en les plantes --- Saprofitisme --- Successió vegetal --- Estados Unidos Mexicanos --- México --- Amèrica del Nord --- Amèrica Central --- Baixa Califòrnia (Mèxic : Estat) --- Baixa Califòrnia Sud (Mèxic : Estat) --- Chiapas (Mèxic : Estat) --- Ciutat de Mèxic (Mèxic) --- Coahuila (Mèxic : Estat) --- Chihuahua (Mèxic : Estat) --- Durango (Mèxic : Estat) --- Guanajuato (Mèxic : Estat) --- Guerrero (Mèxic : Estat) --- Jalisco (Mèxic : Estat) --- Mèxic (Mèxic : Estat) --- Michoacán (Mèxic : Estat) --- Morelos (Mèxic : Estat) --- Nuevo León (Mèxic : Estat) --- Oaxaca (Mèxic : Estat) --- Puebla (Mèxic : Estat) --- Querétaro (Mèxic : Estat) --- Sinaloa (Mèxic : Estat) --- Sonora (Mèxic : Estat) --- Tabasco (Mèxic : Estat) --- Tamaulipas (Mèxic : Estat) --- Tlaxcala (Mèxic : Estat) --- Yucatán (Mèxic : Estat) --- Aguascalientes (Mèxic : Estat) --- Ecologia de les plantes --- Fitoecologia --- Relacions planta-sòl --- Evolution (Biology) --- Ecology. --- Mèxic.

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El presente libro constituye el fruto del seminario titulado Ciudadanía, Instituciones y Democracia: procesos y actores del cambio sociopolitico en el área andina, realizado los días 9 y 10 de octubre de 2006, con ocasión de la celebración de los 20 años del Instituto de Estudios Políticos y Relaciones Internacionales (IEPRI). El seminario pretendía convocar a una reflexión en torno a los procesos de cambio político en una perspectiva comparada, enfocada en el área andina, con base en la línea de investigación "estado y cultura", tal vez la más tradicional en el Instituto. También se quería reunir un conjunto de expertos de distintas ciencias sociales (politólogos, antropólogos y sociólogos principalmente) en torno a tres temas principales como son: la relación entre ciudadanía y construcción del estado nacional, para entender cómo evoluciona la definición de los criterios de inclusión de los grupos sociales en la comunidad política; la relación entre procesos de representación y participación, diferenciada de acuerdo a la trayectoria de construcción de la democracia; y por último, la relación entre las instituciones y los movimientos sociales constestarios, que puede ser de cooperación o conflicto pero suele combinar ambas dinámicas en un mismo país.

Political Science --- Andes --- Bolivia --- democracia --- Ecuador --- Estado --- institución política --- participación política --- representación política --- Venezuela --- participation politique --- indiens --- politique --- État --- Equateur --- Bolivie --- institution politique --- démocratie --- représentation politique --- institutions politiques