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"An important topic, which is on the boundary between numerical analysis and computer science…. I found the book well written and containing much interesting material, most of the time disseminated in specialized papers published in specialized journals difficult to find. Moreover, there are very few books on these topics and they are not recent." –Numerical Algorithms (review of the first edition) This unique book provides concepts and background necessary to understand and build algorithms for computing the elementary functions—sine, cosine, tangent, exponentials, and logarithms. The author presents and structures the algorithms, hardware-oriented as well as software-oriented, and also discusses issues related to accurate floating-point implementation. The purpose is not to give "cookbook recipes" that allow one to implement a given function, but rather to provide the reader with tools necessary to build or adapt algorithms for their specific computing environment. This expanded second edition contains a number of revisions and additions, which incorporate numerous new results obtained during the last few years. New algorithms invented since 1997—such as Matula’s bipartite method, another table-based method due to Ercegovac, Lang, Tisserand, and Muller—as well as new chapters on multiple-precision arithmetic and examples of implementation have been added. In addition, the section on correct rounding of elementary functions has been fully reworked, also in the context of new results. Finally, the introductory presentation of floating-point arithmetic has been expanded, with more emphasis given to the use of the fused multiply-accumulate instruction. The book is an up-to-date presentation of information needed to understand and accurately use mathematical functions and algorithms in computational work and design. Graduate and advanced undergraduate students, professionals, and researchers in scientific computing, numerical analysis, software engineering, and computer engineering will find the book a useful reference and resource.

Functions --- Algorithms. --- Data processing. --- Algorism --- Algebra --- Arithmetic --- Foundations --- Information theory. --- Computer network architectures. --- Mathematics. --- Electronic data processing. --- Computer science. --- Theory of Computation. --- Computer System Implementation. --- Applications of Mathematics. --- Numeric Computing. --- Computational Science and Engineering. --- Mathematics of Computing. --- Informatics --- Science --- ADP (Data processing) --- Automatic data processing --- Data processing --- EDP (Data processing) --- IDP (Data processing) --- Integrated data processing --- Computers --- Office practice --- Math --- Architectures, Computer network --- Network architectures, Computer --- Computer architecture --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Automation --- Computers. --- Architecture, Computer. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Numerical analysis. --- Computer mathematics. --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Computer mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Mathematics --- Mathematical analysis --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Architecture, Computer --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Analyse numérique. --- Numerical analysis --- Algorithmes --- Algorithms --- Analyse numérique --- Fonctions elementaires

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Les sciences cognitives ont pris une place importante dans le paysage intellectuel, depuis une vingtaine d’années. Regardées avec effroi par beaucoup comme réductrices et déshumanisantes, elle reprennent d’un autre côté le grand programme de recherche qui fut au dix-neuvième et au début du vingtième siècle celui des sciences de l’esprit, et pour lequel les doctrines hautement « spiritualistes » de l’herméneutique ont joué un rôle essentiel. Ce livre propose une lecture des recherches cognitives contemporaines avec les lunettes de l’herméneutique. Très largement didactique, il inclut des exposés synthétiques à la fois des contenus de l’herméneutique philosophique et de plusieurs théories cognitives. Mais il offre, en même temps, une vision inorthodoxe et critique de ce dont il parle, puisque, par exemple, il utilise la pensée de Michel Foucault pour analyser le traitement de la notion de représentation, ou puisqu’il fait droit, du côté cognitif, aux orientations récentes et anti-logicistes du morpho-dynamicisme et de la vie artificielle. Tel quel, il est susceptible d’intéresser tous ceux qui ont de la curiosité pour les domaines qui viennent d’être évoqués, et qui aiment la manière dont la philosophie dérange les situations intellectuelles en ajoutant son grain de sel.

Cognitive psychology --- Theory of knowledge --- Hermeneutics --- Cognitive science --- Philosophy and cognitive science --- Herméneutique --- Sciences cognitives --- Philosophie et sciences cognitives --- Herméneutique --- Philosophy --- philosophie --- herméneutique --- cognition

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De la langue au style offre au lecteur un ensemble d'études qui traitent de la description linguistique des textes littéraires et de leur approche stylistique. L'objectif principal de l'ouvrage est de montrer que l'analyse de la langue française et celle des faits de style, loin d'être incompatibles, constituent deux démarches complémentaires, qui gagnent à se nourrir l'une de l'autre, plutôt qu'à s'opposer. Dans cette perspective, il regroupe des travaux signés à la fois par des linguistes et des stylisticiens, spécialistes des domaines les plus divers, comme par exemple la syntaxe de phrase, la grammaire textuelle, la sémantique lexicale, la phonologie historique, la poétique, la sémiotique ou encore l'histoire des idées. Les contributions des uns et des autres sont agencées autour de quatre grands thèmes fédérateurs : (i) l'articulation entre la voix singulière de l'écrivain et les formes générales dont il dispose ; (ii) la détermination et la description des phénomènes linguistiques susceptibles de refléter cette articulation ; (iii) la pertinence de la notion de "langue littéraire" ; (iv) l'intégration de l'étude stylistique dans une théorie globale de l'œuvre littéraire et de sa réception. Une bibliographie collectant plusieurs centaines de publications récentes dans le domaine vient clore l'ouvrage.

French language --- Stilistics --- Language and languages --- Style, Literary --- Linguistics in literature --- French literature --- Français (Langue) --- Stylistique --- Style littéraire --- Linguistique dans la littérature --- Littérature française --- Style --- History and criticism --- Histoire et critique --- Stylistique. --- Style littéraire. --- Discours littéraire. --- Francais (langue) --- français (langue) --- Critique textuelle. --- Analyse linguistique. --- Langage poétique. --- Linguistique. --- style --- La Bruyère, Jean de, --- Ponge, Francis --- Perse, Saint-John, --- Critique et interprétation. --- 804.0-086 --- 804.0-56 --- 840.080 --- Frans: slang; jeugdtaal; vaktaal --- Frans: syntaxis; semantiek --- Franse literatuur: stilistiek --- 840.080 Franse literatuur: stilistiek --- 804.0-56 Frans: syntaxis; semantiek --- 804.0-086 Frans: slang; jeugdtaal; vaktaal --- Français (Langue). --- Français (langue) --- Literary style. --- Français (Langue) --- Style littéraire --- Linguistique dans la littérature --- Littérature française --- Language and languages - Style --- Literary Reviews --- Linguistics --- analyse littéraire --- analyse linguistique --- analyse stylistique --- phénomène linguistique --- figure de style --- littérature --- réception de l’œuvre littéraire --- genre littéraire --- écrivain --- La Bruyère, Jean de (1645-1696) --- Ponge, Francis (1899-1988) --- Saint-John Perse (1887-1975) --- Analyse du discours littéraire --- Critique et interprétation --- Analyse du discours littéraire. --- Ponge, Francis,

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What is family farming? How can it help meet the challenges confronting the world? How can it contribute to a sustainable and more equitable development? Not only is family farming the predominant form of agriculture around the world, especially so in developing countries, it is also the agriculture of the future. By declaring 2014 the “International Year of Family Farming,” the United Nations has placed this form of production at the center of debates on agricultural development. These debates are often reduced to two opposing positions. The first advocates the development of industrial or company agriculture, supposedly efficient because it follows industrial processes for market-oriented mass production. The second promotes the preservation of family farming with its close links between family and farm. The authors of this book wish to enrich the debates by helping overcome stereotypes ¬– which often manifest through the use of terms such as “small-scale farming, subsistence farming, peasant, etc.” Research work has emphatically demonstrated the great adaptability of family farming systems and their ability to meet the major challenges of tomorrow but it has also not overlooked their limitations. The authors explore the choices facing society and possible development trajectories at national and international levels, and the contribution that agriculture will have to make. They call for a recommitment of public policies in favor of family farming in developing countries and stress the importance of planning actions targeted at and tailored to the family character of agricultural models. But, above all, they highlight the need to overcome strictly sectoral rationales, by placing family farming at the core of a broader economic and social project. This book is the result of a collaborative effort led by CIRAD and encapsulates three decades of research on family farming. It will interest researchers, teachers and students, and all those involved in national and international efforts for the development of countries in the South.  .

Life Sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Environment, general. --- Development Economics. --- Economic Geography. --- Agricultural Economics. --- Sociology, general. --- Life sciences. --- Geography. --- Environmental sciences. --- Farm economics. --- Sciences de la vie --- Géographie --- Agriculture --- Sciences de l'environnement --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Family farms --- Management. --- Finance. --- Economic geography. --- Environment. --- Development economics. --- Agricultural economics. --- Sociology. --- Farm management --- Agrarian question --- Agribusiness --- Agricultural economics --- Agricultural production economics --- Production economics, Agricultural --- Land use, Rural --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Economics --- Economic development --- Environmental science --- Science --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Economic aspects --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Geography, Economic --- World economics --- Geography --- Commercial geography --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology

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This book provides a physics-oriented introduction to organogels with a comparison to polymer thermoreversible gels whenever relevant. The past decade has seen the development of a wide variety of newly-synthesized molecules that can spontaneously self-assemble or crystallize from their organic or aqueous solutions to produce fibrillar networks, namely organogels, with potential applications in organic electronics, light harvesting, bio-imaging, non-linear optics, and the like. This compact volume presents a detailed outlook of these novel molecular systems with special emphasis upon their thermodynamics, morphology, molecular structure, and rheology. The definition of these complex systems is also tackled, as well as the role of the solvent. The text features numerous temperature-phase diagrams for a variety of organogels as well as illustrations of their structures at the microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic level. A review of some potential applications is provided including hybrid functional materials with polymers and with carbon nanotubes. Throughout, discussions of theoretical developments and experimental advances are written at a level suitable for beginning graduate students through practicing researchers.

Physics. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Organic chemistry. --- Polymers. --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics). --- Nanotechnology. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Phase Transitions and Multiphase Systems. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Polymer colloids. --- Gelation. --- Gelatinization --- Gelling --- Polymer gels --- Coagulation --- Colloids --- Polymers --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Organic chemistry --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Polymers  . --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter