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Sensor technology for monitoring vital signs is an important topic for various service applications, such as entertainment and personalization platforms and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, as well as traditional medical purposes, such as disease indication judgments and predictions. Vital signs for monitoring include respiration and heart rates, body temperature, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram, blood glucose concentration, brain waves, etc. Gait and walking length can also be regarded as vital signs because they can indirectly indicate human activity and status. Sensing technologies include contact sensors such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), non-contact sensors such as ballistocardiography (BCG), and invasive/non-invasive sensors for diagnoses of variations in blood characteristics or body fluids. Radar, vision, and infrared sensors can also be useful technologies for detecting vital signs from the movement of humans or organs. Signal processing, extraction, and analysis techniques are important in industrial applications along with hardware implementation techniques. Battery management and wireless power transmission technologies, the design and optimization of low-power circuits, and systems for continuous monitoring and data collection/transmission should also be considered with sensor technologies. In addition, machine-learning-based diagnostic technology can be used for extracting meaningful information from continuous monitoring data.

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) --- electroencephalogram (EEG) --- hemodynamic data --- carotid blood flow (CBF) --- cerebral circulation --- frequency-shift keying radar --- cross-correlation --- envelope detection --- continuous-wave radar --- frequency discrimination --- vital-signs monitoring --- heartbeat accuracy improvement --- heartbeat detection --- absolute distance measurement --- radar signal processing --- 3D+t modeling --- coronary artery --- non-rigid registration --- cage deformation --- 4D CT --- passenger detection --- CW radar --- radar feature vector --- radar machine learning --- wearable sensors --- physiology --- medical monitoring --- vital signs --- compensatory reserve --- ultra-high resolution --- cone-beam computed tomography --- low-contrast object --- optimal filter --- modulation transfer function --- noise power spectrum --- doppler cardiogram --- wavelet transform --- denoising --- mother wavelet function --- decomposition level --- signal decomposition --- signal-to-noise-ratio