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The book reviews the current state of knowledge on the chemical and physical processes occurring in the environmental media (i) the atmosphere, (ii) the aqueous phase and (iii) soil and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the chemical mechanisms (both explicit and condensed) currently available to simulate the multimedia environmental chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter in these media. Contributions examine how well this knowledge has been incorporated into different types of CT models and appraise the current status and significant issues in the development and usage of the models. Model simulations of some real world chemical perturbations to the Earth system are presented which appraise the performance of the models in relation to "real world" observations. Serious caveats in our understanding of chemical processes and their simulation in the various compartments of the Earth system are highlighted and areas are identified that need urgent improvement, in particular with respect to environmental security.

Environment. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Nature conservation. --- Noise control. --- Air pollution. --- Pollution prevention. --- Noise Control. --- Nature Conservation. --- Environmental Monitoring/Analysis. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Industrial Pollution Prevention. --- Pollution --- Prevention of pollution --- Environmental protection --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Noise prevention --- Acoustical engineering --- Environmental engineering --- Noise --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Control --- Prevention and control --- Conservation --- Environmental protection. --- Environmental pollution. --- Environmental toxicology. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Environmental sciences --- Environmental policy --- Environmental aspects --- Environmental monitoring. --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Environmental impact analysis. --- Atmospheric chemistry --- Volatile organic compounds --- VOCs (Chemicals) --- Volatile organic chemicals --- Organic compounds --- Atmospheric science --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Analysis of environmental impact --- Environmental assessment --- Environmental impact assessment --- Environmental impact evaluation --- Impact analysis, Environmental --- Environmental auditing --- Environmental monitoring

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Oxides and acids of nitrogen play an important role in regulating atmospheric radical levels, in particular, that of the OH radical the main initiator of the degradation of chemicals in the atmosphere. A comprehensive overview on the methods used to measure nitrogen oxides and acids in the troposphere is given and difficulties and artefacts associated with the use of the techniques for measurements in urban and mega city environments is illustrated. State-of-the-art methods for the measurement of OH and HO2 radicals are reviewed and recently recognised difficulties, in particular with the measurement of HO2 radicals, are highlighted. Other contributions to the book cover our present understanding of the gas, aqueous and particulate/aerosol phase atmospheric degradation chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under NOx conditions typical of rural, urban and mega city environments. Examples of measurements of NOx and VOCs in the atmospheres of these environments are given, in particular for the megacities Cairo and Beijing, in conjunction with modelling studies which attempt to simulate the field observations using state-of-the art knowledge on the chemistry of the VOCs and radical levels.  .

Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Environmental Sciences --- Hazardous substances. --- Hazardous waste site remediation. --- Cleanup of hazardous waste sites --- Hazardous substances --- Hazardous waste cleanup --- Hazardous waste site cleanup --- Hazardous waste sites --- Remediation of hazardous waste sites --- Dangerous chemicals --- Dangerous goods --- Dangerous materials --- Dangerous substances --- Hazardous chemicals --- Hazardous goods --- Hazardous materials --- Hazmats --- Cleanup --- Cleaning --- Environment. --- Spectroscopy. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Pollution. --- Air pollution. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Environmental Monitoring/Analysis. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Pollution, general. --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry. --- Pollution --- Chemicals --- Materials --- Environmental protection. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Chemical pollution --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Environmental sciences --- Applied ecology --- Environmental policy --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Chemistry --- Ecology --- Qualitative --- Environmental aspects --- Spectrometry --- Environmental monitoring. --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Control --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Analytical chemistry