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The focus of these essays is the impact of wind, pneuma, and movement in medieval and early modern iconography on art historical hermeneutics. What can wind, pneuma, and movement tell us about the visual medium as such ? Wind joins, flows, links, changes direction - in short, the wind is capricious. In its capriciousness wind embodies a particular hermeneutics of association, of freedom and the unexpected. Is an iconography of this caprice possible ? How does one capture in pictorial form a natural phenomenon that envelops and penetrates us, even escapes from our own bodies ? The dynamics of wind are after all only indirectly visible : swaying trees, waving grass, fluttering textile. How has wind impregnated the theory of the image ? Is it a question of visual pneuma ? And is wind in the arts a question of content, or rather a matter of formal affect ?

Iconography --- anno 500-1499 --- Air dans l'art --- Air dans les arts --- Air in art --- Lucht in de kunst --- Vents dans l'art --- Vents dans les arts --- Winden in de kunst --- Winds in art --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- History --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Touch --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- Art [Medieval ] --- Themes, motives --- Christian art and symbolism --- Medieval, 500-1500 --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Winds in art. --- Art, Medieval --- Themes, motives. --- Winds --- Religious aspects. --- iconography --- time-related attributes --- souls --- anno 1500-1799 --- Western Europe --- wind [weather phenomena] --- kunst en godsdienst

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Giles Knox examines how El Greco, Velaìzquez, and Rembrandt, though a disparate group of artists, were connected by a new self-consciousness with respect to artistic tradition. In particular, Knox considers the relationship of these artists to the art of Renaissance Italy, and sets aside nationalist art histories in order to see the period as one of fruitful exchange. Across Europe during the seventeenth century, artists read Italian-inspired writings on art and these texts informed how they contemplated their practice. Knox demonstrates how these three artists engaged dynamically with these writings, incorporating or rejecting the theoretical premises to which they were exposed. Additionally, this study significantly expands our understanding of how paintings can activate the sense of touch. Knox discusses how Velaìzquez and Rembrandt, though in quite different ways, sought to conjure for viewers thoughts about touching that resonated directly with the subject matter they depicted.

Aesthetics of art --- Painting --- painting [image-making] --- Velázquez, da Silva y, Diego --- Greco, el --- Rembrandt --- Italy --- Toucher --- Touch --- Sens et sensations --- Senses and sensation in art. --- Peinture --- Dans l'art. --- In art. --- Influence. --- Greco, Le --- Greco, --- Velázquez, Diego --- Velázquez, Diego, --- Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, --- Thèmes, motifs. --- Themes, motives. --- Painting, Renaissance --- Italian influences. --- Rāmbirānt, --- Rembrandt Garmens van Reĭn, --- Rembrandt van Rijn --- Rembrandt van Reĭn, --- Lun-po-lang, --- Rembrandt, --- Van Rijn, Rembrandt Harmenszoon, --- Rijn, Rembrandt Harmenszoon van, --- Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn, --- Reimbrandt, --- Rembrandt van Rijn, --- רמברנדט --- רמברנדט הרמנסזון ואן־ריין, --- رامبرانت --- Theotocopuli, Dominico, --- Theotokopoulos, Domenikos, --- Theocopuli, Domenico, --- Theotocopuli, Domenico, --- Zeotokopoulos, Doménikos, --- Theotocópuli, Domingo, --- Theotocópoulos, Doménicos, --- Theoscopoli, Domenico, --- Greco, Domenico, --- Griego, --- El Greco, --- Greco, Dominico, --- Ο Γκρεκο, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- El Greco, Velázquez, Rembrandt. --- Theotocopuli, Dominico --- Theotokopoulos, Domenikos --- Theocopuli, Domenico --- Theotocopuli, Domenico --- Zeotokopoulos, Doméniko, --- Theotocópuli, Domingo --- Theotocópoulos, Doménicos --- Theoscopoli, Domenico --- Greco, Domenico --- Griego --- El Greco --- Greco, Dominico --- Ο Γκρεκο --- Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn --- Rembrandt Garmens van Reĭn --- Rembrandt van Reĭ --- Lun-po-lan --- Van Rijn, Rembrandt Harmenszoon --- Rijn, Rembrandt Harmenszoon van --- Rembrandt Harmensz van Rin, --- Reimbrand --- invloed van Italiaanse school