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Baseball players --- Speaker, Tris.

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The present book contains all of the articles that were accepted and published in the Special Issue of MDPI’s journal Mathematics titled "Computational Intelligence and Human–Computer Interaction: Modern Methods and Applications". This Special Issue covered a wide range of topics connected to the theory and application of different computational intelligence techniques to the domain of human–computer interaction, such as automatic speech recognition, speech processing and analysis, virtual reality, emotion-aware applications, digital storytelling, natural language processing, smart cars and devices, and online learning. We hope that this book will be interesting and useful for those working in various areas of artificial intelligence, human–computer interaction, and software engineering as well as for those who are interested in how these domains are connected in real-life situations.

virtual dialogue assistant --- natural language processing --- machine learning --- online distance learning --- ubiquitous computing --- smart cars --- natural interfaces --- multimodal interaction --- smart devices --- gesture input --- voice input --- digital storytelling --- cultural heritage --- usability evaluation --- multi-platform evaluation --- fingerspelling recognition --- depth sensor --- finger attention --- receptive field --- inter-finger relation --- speaker diarization --- spontaneous speech processing --- voice activity detection --- overlapping speech detection --- speaker extractor models --- speaker number estimation --- model fusion --- quality estimation --- distant speech processing --- artificial neural networks --- agile global software engineering --- architectural knowledge management --- knowledge condensing --- edutainment applications --- emotions aware applications --- adaptive learning --- software architecture --- services --- formal concept analysis --- conceptual knowledge processing --- virtual reality --- human–computer interaction --- automatic speech recognition --- acoustic modeling --- highly inflected word forms --- acoustic background

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Why/Why Not presents a speaker caught in quandaries created by changing perspectives, fervors, and locales. Why do we act one way here and another there; why can't a mind stay made up; why do we hate and love at the same time; why does memory fade or insist; why does the ordinary seem so uncanny? These questions are captured in lines that collide and merge, in irreverent and offhand jibes, and in plaintive repetitions.Why/Why Not moves across a vivid terrain-the stage of Hamlet, Phillip Marlowe's Los Angeles, Prague, paintings and gardens-to push through a tangle of ways to make sense of the world. Martha Ronk's poetic language is that of the everyday slightly skewed, as if pieces of an ordinary sentence were missing. Ronk's poems use the repetitive and the banal to explore ways in which language is intertwined with thought and experience.

American poetry --- american poets. --- beauty. --- changing perspectives. --- changing places. --- complex. --- contemporary poetry. --- exploration of language. --- famous poets. --- female speaker. --- hamlet. --- human experience. --- human thought. --- intellectual poetry. --- irreverent. --- literature students. --- los angeles. --- making sense. --- memory. --- narrative poetry. --- phillip marlowe. --- philosophy. --- poetic language. --- poetry collection. --- poetry. --- prague. --- questioning. --- realism. --- repetition. --- thought provoking. --- touching. --- women authors.

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Current speech recognition systems suffer from variation of voice characteristics between speakers as they are usually based on speaker independent speech models. In order to resolve this issue, adaptation methods have been developed in many state-of-the-art systems. However, information acquired over time is still lost whenever another speaker intermittently uses the recognition system. This work therefore develops an integrated approach for speech and speaker recognition in order to improve the self-learning opportunities of the system. A speaker adaptation scheme is introduced. It is suited for fast short-term and detailed long-term adaptation. These adaptation profiles are then used for an efficient speaker recognition system. The speaker identification enables the speaker adaptation to track different speakers which results in an optimal long-term adaptation.

Automatic identification. --- Automatic speaker recognition. --- Psycholinguistics. --- Speaker adaptation. --- Speech processing systems. --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Telecommunications --- Applied Physics --- Electrical Engineering --- Automatic speech recognition. --- Mechanical speech recognizer --- Speech recognition, Automatic --- Engineering. --- User interfaces (Computer systems). --- Biometrics (Biology). --- Electrical engineering. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Biometrics. --- Communications Engineering, Networks. --- User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Biological statistics --- Biology --- Biometrics (Biology) --- Biostatistics --- Biomathematics --- Statistics --- Interfaces, User (Computer systems) --- Human-machine systems --- Human-computer interaction --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Statistical methods --- Pattern recognition systems --- Perceptrons --- Speech, Intelligibility of --- Speech perception --- Speech processing systems --- Telecommunication. --- Computer science. --- Informatics --- Science --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Communication --- Information theory --- Telecommuting --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication)

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The Speaker of the House of Representatives is the most powerful partisan figure in the contemporary U.S. Congress. How this came to be, and how the majority party in the House has made control of the speakership a routine matter, is far from straightforward. Fighting for the Speakership provides a comprehensive history of how Speakers have been elected in the U.S. House since 1789, arguing that the organizational politics of these elections were critical to the construction of mass political parties in America and laid the groundwork for the role they play in setting the agenda of Congress today. Jeffery Jenkins and Charles Stewart show how the speakership began as a relatively weak office, and how votes for Speaker prior to the Civil War often favored regional interests over party loyalty. While struggle, contention, and deadlock over House organization were common in the antebellum era, such instability vanished with the outbreak of war, as the majority party became an "organizational cartel" capable of controlling with certainty the selection of the Speaker and other key House officers. This organizational cartel has survived Gilded Age partisan strife, Progressive Era challenge, and conservative coalition politics to guide speakership elections through the present day. Fighting for the Speakership reveals how struggles over House organization prior to the Civil War were among the most consequential turning points in American political history.

Political parties --- History. --- United States. --- U.S. House of Representatives --- House of Representatives (U.S.) --- Palata Predstaviteleĭ Kongressa SShA --- Speakers --- United States. Congress --- Orators --- History --- United States --- American political history. --- Anti-Lecomptons. --- Clerk. --- Congress. --- Democratic Party. --- Democrats. --- House of Representatives. --- House officer elections. --- House officer nominations. --- House officers. --- John C. Calhoun. --- Joseph G. Cannon. --- Martin van Buren. --- Nathaniel Banks. --- Printer. --- Reed Rules. --- Republican Party. --- Second Party System. --- Speaker. --- U.S. Congress. --- Whig Party. --- coalition. --- committees. --- congressional elections. --- floor debate. --- majority party. --- organizational cartel. --- organizational control. --- organizational politics. --- partisanship. --- party building. --- party caucus. --- party strength. --- patronage. --- political parties. --- procedural cartel. --- roll call votes. --- secret ballot. --- slavery. --- speakership elections. --- speakership. --- viva voce voting.