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Turkey's growing international profile, candidacy for the EU, and persistent democracy has led to a growing interest in how that country is governed. This book provides portraits of the seven main political parties by Turkish experts who are close observers of these institutions. In addition to providing an analytical survey of Turkish politics today, this volume also provides a fascinating case study on the problems of developing deep-rooted democracy, conflicts between state interests and interest groups, and the evolution of party systems.

Political parties --- Partis politiques --- Democracy

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Voilà un demi-siècle, le 3 avril 1960, naissait le Parti socialiste unifié (PSU), dont les derniers militants prononcèrent la dissolution trente ans plus tard, le 7 avril 1990. Structure partisane éphémère et hétéroclite, traversée par des tendances complexes et éclatées, le PSU a participé à renouveler en profondeur la gauche, au plan idéologique comme dans l’enracinement de ses réseaux militants. Ce parti charnière a oscillé entre l’extrême gauche et la gauche de gouvernement, mêlant milieux laïques et filières catholiques de gauche. Il a aussi été une école de formation pour deux générations de militants de gauche, imprégnées par ce mouvement politique atypique. Lieu de débats et de transferts militants, caractérisé par une grande mobilité interne, le PSU est souvent assimilé dans les recherches universitaires comme dans les mémoires collectives à un laboratoire d’idées, ayant aussi investi le terrain des luttes sociales lors des mobilisations des années 1968. Élaborant des réflexions politiques qui confrontaient des thèmes modernes pour la gauche française, le PSU a occupé une place à part dans le champ politique en raison du contraste entre son échec électoral global, son impact intellectuel et son influence matricielle. Dans cette perspective, l’apport du PSU est indéniable dans le dépassement de l’opposition séculaire entre la gauche laïque et la mouvance catholique progressiste. Pour poser un socle solide à la connaissance sur le PSU et interroger au mieux l’hétérogénéité perceptible à partir de la connaissance actuellement fragmentaire du parti au niveau national, il a semblé pertinent d’interroger le parti à l’échelle régionale et locale par le biais d’enquêtes de terrain fouillées : la Bretagne comme bastion du PSU ; l’implantation du PSU, au travers de monographies fédérales ou de regards croisés sur plusieurs départements ; l’analyse des idées politiques et des pratiques militantes du PSU.

History --- Parti socialiste unifié (PSU) --- syndicalisme --- Gauche --- militantisme politique --- partis politiques

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Few Americans and even fewer citizens of other nations understand the electoral process in the United States. Still fewer understand the role played by political parties in the electoral process or the ironies within the system. Participation in elections in the United States is much lower than in the vast majority of mature democracies. Perhaps this is because of the lack of competition in a country where only two parties have a true chance of winning, despite the fact that a large number of citizens claim allegiance to neither and think badly of both. Or perhaps it is because in the U.S. cam

Elections --- Political parties --- Partis politiques --- Etats-Unis --- Politieke partijen --- Verkiezingen --- Verenigde Staten.

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Agriculture --- Political parties --- Partis politiques --- Societies, etc. --- Associations. --- United States --- États-Unis --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement

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Are Arab parties facing a predicament? Are they paying the price of repression and limited pluralism? Have they become obsolete to the benefit of other political groups and mobilization modes such as communities, tribes, “asabiyyat” or to the disadvantage of non governmental organizations, associations and social movements? While some predicted “the end of parties” in the region as a result of authoritarian political systems, doesn’t the recent transition from the one party rule towards a fragile plural party system in many countries put again party organizations in the spotlight? Most of the time, contemporary Arab parties have little mobilizing power. Yet some are crawling out of underground activities and trying their hands at the exercise of power after years of oppositions. Others, and mainly on the Islamist arena, assert themselves as first hand mobilization structures, able in certain cases to compete with regimes in power. This book addresses those research questions. Emphasizing new and unpublished data, the book’s diverse contributions tackle holistically party life in six countries that have adopted very different political pathways: Yemen, Bahrain, Lebanon, Morocco, Algeria and Iraq. All the studies approach the decline or the revival of the parties from a long term historical perspective mainly with regard to political institutions in those six countries. The studies focus on the rules of party games, on the junction between “the right to politics” and “political rights”. They reveal the fine-tuning between ideological frameworks and political strategies. They raise questions about the renewal of elites, forms of militant activism, the array of parties’ political activities, particularly social ones. They examine the issue of identity construction and political solidarities in the framework of the nation state, or in contradiction with it. As a final point, the book inquires about how party life in those six countries accounts for political transformations: possible democratization of regimes, forms of domination that are played out within those regimes, the emergence of the breakdown of leaderships and finally the rationale behind mobilization and collective action.

Government - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Government - Asia --- Arab countries --- Politics and government. --- État --- partis politiques