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Each year, the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the mixed layer at Station S in the Sargasso Sea decreases from winter to summer by about 30 umol/kg. The authors of this study demonstrate that by simultaneously observing changes in the stable isotopic ration of DIC, it is possible to quantify the contribution of physical and biological processes to this summer-fall drawdown. They find that biology is the dominant contrbutor to the drawdown, but that physical processes also play an important role.

Seawater --- Carbon --- Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) --- Analysis. --- air sea boundary layer. --- air sea exchange. --- bermuda. --- biogeochemistry. --- carbon balance. --- carbon cycle. --- carbon. --- conservation. --- dic. --- ecosystem. --- environment. --- environmentalism. --- healthy oceans. --- inorganic carbon. --- island. --- marine environments. --- natural science. --- nature. --- nonfiction. --- ocean. --- oceanography. --- pollution. --- sargasso sea. --- science. --- sea. --- seawater. --- sediment traps. --- surface oceans. --- tropics. --- upper ocean. --- water health.

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Corrosion is a significant issue in many industrial fields. Among other strategies, coatings are by far the most important technology for corrosion protection of metallic surfaces. The Special Issue “Advanced Coatings for Corrosion Protection” has been launched as a means to present recent developments in any type of advanced coating for corrosion protection. This book compiles 15 contributions on metallic, inorganic, polymeric and nanoparticle enhanced coatings that provide corrosion protection as well as other functionalities.

fluorine free --- silanization --- superhydrophobic --- corrosion protection --- self-cleaning --- cathodic protection --- corrosion mitigation method --- potentiodynamic polarization test --- simulation --- pre-insulated pipeline --- zinc-rich coating --- cold galvanized coating --- durability --- magnesium --- microstructure --- coating --- corrosion --- polarization --- apatite --- scanning electrodeposition --- Ni-Fe-Co-P-CeO2 composite coating --- electrochemical corrosion behavior --- corrosion mechanism --- Zn-Al diffusion layer --- mechanical energy aided diffusion --- corrosion resistance --- electrochemistry --- aluminum foam --- electrodeposition --- compression test --- polyurea --- aging mechanism --- morphology --- chemical properties --- phase separation --- hydrogen bond --- magnesium alloy --- MAO coating --- corrosion behavior --- stratification phenomena --- marine environments --- aluminum alloy AlMg6 --- Al2O3 coating --- phase composition --- stress corrosion --- micro-arc oxidation --- polymer --- water hydraulic valve --- cavitation --- erosion --- coating selection --- molecular dynamics --- boride-based cermet --- laser cladding synthesis --- laser power --- hardness --- wear resistance --- MAX phase --- Ti2AlN --- PVD coating --- oxidation --- hydrogen permeation --- tungsten --- W–Cr–C coating --- carburization --- intergranular corrosion --- pitting corrosion --- stainless steel --- passivated --- electrochemical noise --- precipitation hardening --- metallic coatings --- anodizing layers --- passivation --- polymeric coatings --- laser cladding --- PVD --- superhydrophobic coatings --- composite coatings --- n/a --- W-Cr-C coating