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The detection and quantification of with high precision nucleic acid biomarkers and protein biomarkers in resource-limited settings is key to the early diagnosis of diseases and for monitoring the effects of treatments. As there is an enormous demand for high-quality biomarker detection platforms that are robust and highly applicable in resource-limited settings, this book is devoted to exploring methods for detection and quantification of biomarkers, focusing on the recent advances in this field.

SERS --- LPS --- bacteria --- endotoxin --- lipid A --- silver nanorods --- creatinine --- ZnO nanowires --- piezo-enzymatic-reaction effect --- self-powered biosensor --- immunosensors --- electrochemical immunosensors --- biosensors --- voltammetric immunosensors --- amperometric immunosensors --- impedimetric immunosensors --- eletrochemiluminescent immunosensors --- cysteine --- biothiols --- cystinuria --- portable --- fluorimeter --- bio-imaging --- cancer --- bladder cancer --- prostate cancer --- urinary biomarkers --- urinary VOCs --- machine olfaction --- GC-IMS --- GC-TOF-MS --- cancer markers --- immune checkpoints --- PD-1 --- PD-L1 --- high-aspect-ratio microfluidic channel --- parallelogram cross-section --- monodisperse droplet --- droplet generation

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This book is a collection of papers published in the Special Issue of Pharmaceutics, entitled "Pharmaceutical Particulates and Membranes for Delivery of Drugs and Bioactive Molecules". A drug release profile is a consequential factor for nanoparticle application, directly related to drug stability and therapeutic results, as well as formulation development. Pharmaceutical particulates of different sizes and shapes (e.g., liposomes, oil-in-water emulsions, polymeric nano- and microspheres, metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as gold, silver and iron oxide crystals, and core-shell hybrid NPs) offer many diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Membranes are also extensively utilized in many applications. They are especially beneficial to the distribution of macromolecular drugs and biopharmaceutical drugs (peptides, proteins, antibodies, oligonucleotides, plasmids, and viruses) with physicochemical and pharmacokinetic vulnerability. The delivery of drugs and bioactive molecules using particulates and membranes has gained a great deal of attention for various applications, such as the treatment of secondary infections, cancer treatment, skin regeneration, orthopaedic applications, and antimicrobial drug delivery. In addition, several production techniques have been utilized for the fabrication of particulates and membranes in the last decade, which include lyophilisation, micro-emulsion, nano-spray dryer, nano-electrospinning, slip casting and 3D printers. Therefore, pharmaceutical particulates and membranes possess excellent prospects to deliver drugs and bioactive molecules with the potential to improve new delivery strategies like sustained and controlled release.

alginate gelispheres --- textural analysis --- crosslinked matrices --- PLGA discs --- prolonged release --- powder flow properties --- microfluidics --- coculture --- HER2 --- polystyrene µPs --- biofunctionalization --- coaxial electrospraying --- polymeric nanoparticles --- spreading angle --- process-property-performance relationship --- nanoemulsion --- mixture design --- aqueous humor --- antimicrobial activity --- sustained release pellets --- double coating layer --- loxoprofen --- citric acid --- pharmacokinetic studies --- biomimetic magnetite --- drug delivery --- magnetic hyperthermia --- magnetite --- MamC --- nanoparticles stability --- pharmaceutical particulates --- membranes --- drug delivery systems --- bio-imaging --- bioactive molecules --- composite --- N-hydroxyphthalimide --- carbon dots --- polymer gels --- antitumoral activity --- wound dressing --- polymeric membrane --- nanoparticles --- curcumin --- alginate --- pluronic F68 --- drug skin permeation --- Franz cells --- tape stripping --- wound infection --- biofilm --- pseudomonas aeruginosa --- antimicrobial delivery --- polyvinylpyrrolidone --- nanofibers --- red blood cells membrane --- arsenic trioxide --- sodium alginate nanoparticles --- reduce toxicity --- anti-tumor --- pediatric drug delivery --- tuberculosis --- reconstitutable dry suspension --- isoniazid --- polymer-lipid --- microparticulate --- direct emulsification --- n/a

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Adipose tissue is a rich, ubiquitous, and easily accessible source for multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), so-called adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). Primary isolated ASCs are a heterogeneous preparation consisting of several subpopulations of stromal/stem and precursor cells. Donor-specific differences in ASC isolations and the lack of culture standardization hinder the comparison of results from different studies. Nevertheless, ASCs are already being used in different in vivo models and clinical trials to investigate their ability to improve tissue and organ regeneration. Many questions concerning their counterparts and biology in situ, their differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanisms of regeneration (paracrine effects, including regeneration-promoting factors and extracellular vesicles, differentiation, and immunomodulation) are not completely understood or remain unanswered. This Special Issue covers research articles investigating various adipose tissues as a source for ASC isolation, specific cultures methods to enhance proliferation or viability, and the differentiation capacity. Furthermore, other studies highlight aspects of various diseases, the immunosuppressive potential of ASCs and their derivates, or the in vivo tracking of transplanted ASCs. This edition is complemented by a review that summarizes the current knowledge of spheroid culture system methods and applications for mesenchymal stem cells.

lipomas --- adipose tissue --- stem cells --- adipogenesis --- osteogenesis --- mesenchymal stem cells --- T-cells --- conditioned medium --- extracellular vesicles --- TLR --- INF-γ --- adipose-derived stromal cells --- equine metabolic syndrome --- metformin --- adipose-derived stem cells --- adipocytes --- differentiation --- collagen I --- adiponectin --- integrins --- discoidin domain-containing receptor --- ageing --- subcutaneous fat --- adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) --- cell differentiation --- volatile organic compounds --- metabolic monitoring --- adipose-derived stromal/stem cells --- chondrogenesis --- colony forming unit-fibroblast --- fetal bovine serum --- human platelet lysate --- mesenchymal stem cell --- regenerative medicine --- human adipose-derived stem cells --- stem cell proliferation --- signaling pathway --- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells --- migration --- secretion --- primary cilium --- sonic hedgehog signaling --- mesenchymal stromal/stem cells --- perirenal --- fat --- characterization --- stimulation --- lipopolysaccharide --- cytokines --- cytomegalovirus --- angiogenesis --- adipose derived mesenchymal cells --- Histogel --- 3D cell culture --- spheroid culture --- biomaterials --- phenotype --- secretory potential --- ankylosing spondylitis --- systemic lupus erythematosus --- systemic sclerosis --- mesenchymal stromal cells --- breast cancer --- tumor microenvironment --- perineural invasion --- adipose derived stem cells --- valproic acid --- protein interactions --- MAPK pathway --- JAK/STAT pathway --- mesenchymal stromal cell --- tissue of origin --- prolonged culture --- epigenetic memory --- tracking --- bio imaging --- bioluminescence --- qRT-PCR --- Ataxia telangiectasia --- Atm --- n/a