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War and crime. --- Italy --- History.

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"The belief that crime declines at the beginning of major wars, as young men are drawn into the armed forces, and increases with the restoration of peace, as brutalised veterans are released on to a labour market reorganising for peace, has a long pedigree in Britain. But it has rarely been examined critically and scarcely at all for the period of the two world wars of the twentieth century. This is the first serious investigation of criminal offending by members of the British armed forces both during and immediately after these wars. Its particular focus is the two world wars but, recognising the concerns and the problems voiced in recent years about veterans of the Falklands, the Gulf wars, and the campaign in Afghanistan, Clive Emsley concludes his narrative in the present."--Publisher's description.

Crime --- Great Britain --- Armed Forces --- History --- History. --- Crimes de guerre --- Délits militaires --- Kriminalität. --- Military offenses --- Military offenses. --- Militär. --- Soldats --- Soldiers --- War and crime --- War and crime. --- War crimes --- War crimes. --- Morale pratique. --- Conduct of life. --- 1900-1999. --- Great Britain. --- Gro�britannien. --- War and crime - Great Britain - History - 20th century --- Crime de guerre --- Soldat --- Grande-Bretagne

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In Amoral Communities, Mila Dragojević examines how conditions conducive to atrocities against civilians are created during wartime in some communities. She identifies the exclusion of moderates and the production of borders as the main processes. In these places, political and ethnic identities become linked and targeted violence against civilians becomes both tolerated and justified by the respective authorities as a necessary sacrifice for a greater political goal.Dragojević augments the literature on genocide and civil wars by demonstrating how violence can be used as a political strategy, and how communities, as well as individuals, remember episodes of violence against civilians. The communities on which she focuses are Croatia in the 1990s and Uganda and Guatemala in the 1980s. In each case Dragojević considers how people who have lived peacefully as neighbors for many years are suddenly transformed into enemies, yet intracommunal violence is not ubiquitous throughout the conflict zone; rather, it is specific to particular regions or villages within those zones. Reporting on the varying wartime experiences of individuals, she adds depth, emotion, and objectivity to the historical and socioeconomic conditions that shaped each conflict.Furthermore, as Amoral Communities describes, the exclusion of moderates and the production of borders limit individuals' freedom to express their views, work to prevent the possible defection of members of an in-group, and facilitate identification of individuals who are purportedly a threat. Even before mass killings begin, Dragojević finds, these and similar changes will have transformed particular villages or regions into amoral communities, places where the definition of crime changes and violence is justified as a form of self-defense by perpetrators.

War and crime --- Civilians in war --- Political violence --- Violence --- Political crimes and offenses --- Terrorism --- War --- War and society --- Crime and war --- Crime --- History --- genocide, ethnic violence, violence against civilians, nationalism.

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This book discusses the impact of war on the complex interactions between various actors involved in justice: individuals and social groups on the one hand and ‘the justice system’ (police, judiciary and professionals working in the prison service) on the other. It also highlights the emergence of new expectations of justice among these actors as a result of war. Furthermore, the book addresses justice practices, strategies for coping with the changing circumstances, new forms of negotiation, interactions, relationships between populations and the formal justice system in this specific context, and the long-term effects of this renegotiation. Ten out of the eleven chapters focus on Belgian issues, covering the two world wars in equal measure. Belgium’s diverse war experiences in the twentieth century mean that a study of the country provides fascinating insights into the impact of war on the dynamics of ‘doing justice’. The Belgian army fought in both world wars, and the vast majority of the population experienced military occupation. The latter led to various forms of collaboration with the enemy, which required the newly reinstalled Belgian government to implement large-scale judicial processes to repress these ‘antipatriotic’ behaviours, in order to restore both its authority and legitimacy and to re-establish social peace. .

Legal theory and methods. Philosophy of law --- Law --- Social law. Labour law --- Higher education --- History --- HO (hoger onderwijs) --- sociologie --- geschiedenis --- Tweede Wereldoorlog --- recht --- sociaal recht --- holocaust --- anno 1940-1949 --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- War and crime --- Criminal law --- Crime --- Crimes and misdemeanors --- Criminals --- Law, Criminal --- Penal codes --- Penal law --- Pleas of the crown --- Public law --- Criminal procedure --- Administration of criminal justice --- Justice, Administration of --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Belgium --- World War, 1939-1945. --- Law and the social sciences. --- Theories of Law, Philosophy of Law, Legal History. --- Legal History. --- History of World War II and the Holocaust. --- Socio-Legal Studies. --- Social sciences and law --- Social sciences --- Sociological jurisprudence --- European War, 1939-1945 --- Second World War, 1939-1945 --- World War 2, 1939-1945 --- World War II, 1939-1945 --- World War Two, 1939-1945 --- WW II (World War, 1939-1945) --- WWII (World War, 1939-1945) --- History, Modern --- Legal history --- Jurisprudence --- Philosophy. --- History. --- History and criticism