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Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Power Systems: Technologies and Applications provides a systematic and detailed description of organic Rankine cycle technologies and the way they are increasingly of interest for cost-effective sustainable energy generation. Popular applications include cogeneration from biomass and electricity generation from geothermal reservoirs and concentrating solar power installations, as well as waste heat recovery from gas turbines, internal combustion engines and medium- and low-temperature industrial processes. With hundreds of ORC power systems already in operation and the market growing at a fast pace, this is an active and engaging area of scientific research and technical development. The book is structured in three main parts: (i) Introduction to ORC Power Systems, Design and Optimization, (ii) ORC Plant Components, and (iii) Fields of Application.
Thermodynamic cycles. --- Rankine cycle. --- Cycle, Rankine --- Cycle, Steam --- Steam cycle --- Thermodynamic cycles --- Heat cycles --- Cycles --- Thermodynamics --- Cycle de Rankine.
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Geographies of Identity: Narrative Forms, Feminist Futures explores identity and American culture through hybrid, prose work by women, and expands the strategies of cultural poetics practices into the study of innovative narrative writing. Informed by Judith Butler, Homi Bhabha, Harryette Mullen, Julia Kristeva, and others, this project further considers feminist identity politics, race, and ethnicity as cultural content in and through poetic and non/narrative forms. The texts reflected on here explore literal and figurative landscapes, linguistic and cultural geographies, sexual borders, and spatial topographies. Ultimately, they offer non-prescriptive models that go beyond expectations for narrative forms, and create textual webs that reflect the diverse realities of multi-ethnic, multi-oriented, multi-linguistic cultural experiences.Readings of Gertrude Stein’s A Geographical History of America, Renee Gladman’s Juice, Pamela Lu’s Pamela: A Novel, Claudia Rankine’s Don’t Let Me Be Lonely, Juliana Spahr’s The Transformation, Theresa Hak Kyung Cha’s Dictée, Gloria Anzaldúa’s Borderlands/La Frontera, and Layli Long Soldier’s WHEREAS show how alternatively narrative modes of writing can expand access to representation, means of identification, and subjective agency, and point to horizons of possibility for new futures. These texts critique essentializing practices in which subjects are defined by specific identity categories, and offer complicated, contextualized, and historical understandings of identity formation through the textual weaving of form and content.
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Making History Happen: Caribbean Poetry in America examines Lorna Goodison's Turn Thanks (1999), McCallum's The Water Between Us (1999), and Claudia Rankine's Plot (2001) and Don't Let Me Be Lonely (2004). Engaging familiar themes and issues of time, language, and identity, the readings focus on "Signifying" moments in the works of the poets under discussion. Reflecting on some of the ways that transnational women poets of the black diaspora are using tropes of mobility to create a renewed sense of identity and a sense of belonging to a communal network, the readings also demonstrate that the
American literature --- American poetry --- Jamaican poetry --- English literature --- Agrarians (Group of writers) --- Jamaican literature --- Caribbean American authors --- History and criticism. --- Women authors, Black --- Women authors --- Goodison, Lorna. --- McCallum, Shara, --- Rankine, Claudia,
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Compared to the conventional Rankine cycle using water, the ORC can create efficient expansion at low power, avoid superheater and offer higher thermal efficiency in low temperature application. Small-scale ORCs from several kWe to a few hundred kWe offer great potential for meeting the residential demand on heat and power, and are of growing interest in scientific and technical fields. However, one critical problem is the decreased device efficiency and cost-effectiveness that arises when the ORC is scaled down. In this thesis, the ORC is combined with low concentration-ratio solar collectors. The background, research trend, merits and importance of the solar ORC are described. To reduce the thermodynamic irreversibility and the cost of the system, three innovative solutions are proposed: solar ORC without heat transfer fluid (HTF), which employs two-stage collectors and heat storage units; hybrid solar power generation based on ORC and amorphous silicon cells; osmosis-driven solar ORC. Heat collection, storage and power conversion are optimized. The design, construction and test of a prototype are conducted, demonstrating the feasibility of the ORC for small-scale cogeneration. Special attention is paid to the variable operation and parameter design with respect to the condensation temperature.
Energy. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Energy Efficiency (incl. Buildings). --- Renewable energy sources. --- Energies renouvelables --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Power (Mechanics) --- Rankine cycle. --- Solar thermal energy. --- Solar thermal conversion --- Solar thermal power systems --- Solar thermal technology --- Thermodynamic conversion of solar energy --- Cycle, Rankine --- Cycle, Steam --- Steam cycle --- Energy --- Renewable energy resources. --- Energy efficiency. --- Alternate energy sources. --- Green energy industries. --- Heat engineering --- Solar energy --- Thermodynamic cycles --- Mechanics --- Energy Efficiency. --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Consumption of energy --- Energy efficiency --- Fuel consumption --- Fuel efficiency --- Energy conservation
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The world’s energy demand is still growing, partly due to the rising population, partly to increasing personal needs. This growing demand has to be met without increasing (or preferably, by decreasing) the environmental impact. One of the ways to do so is the use of existing low-temperature heat sources for producing electricity, such as using power plants based on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) . In ORC power plants, instead of the traditional steam, the vapor of organic materials (with low boiling points) is used to turn heat to work and subsequently to electricity. These units are usually less efficient than steam-based plants; therefore, they should be optimized to be technically and economically feasible. The selection of working fluid for a given heat source is crucial; a particular working fluid might be suitable to harvest energy from a 90 ℃ geothermal well but would show disappointing performance for well with a 80 ℃ head temperature. The ORC working fluid for a given heat source is usually selected from a handful of existing fluids by trial-and-error methods; in this collection, we demonstrate a more systematic method based on physical and chemical criteria.
adiabatic expansion --- isentropic expansion --- T-s diagram --- working fluid classification --- optimization --- single-screw expander --- vapor–liquid two-phase expansion --- thermal efficiency --- net work output --- heat exchange load of condenser --- cis-butene --- HFO-1234ze(E) --- ORC working fluids --- temperature–entropy saturation curve --- saturation properties --- wet and dry fluids --- ideal-gas heat capacity --- Rankine cycle --- ORC --- biomass --- fluid mixtures --- hydrocarbons --- working fluid --- selection method --- volumetric expander --- thermodynamic analysis --- wet zeotropic mixture --- single screw expander --- organic Rankine cycle --- R441A --- R436B --- R432A --- T–s diagram --- molecular degree of freedom
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The rising trend in the global energy demand poses new challenges to humankind. The energy and mechanical engineering sectors are called to develop new and more environmentally friendly solutions to harvest residual energy from primary production processes. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is an emerging energy system for power production and waste heat recovery. In the near future, this technology can play an increasing role within the energy generation sectors and can help achieve the carbon footprint reduction targets of many industrial processes and human activities. This Special Issue focuses on selected research and application cases of ORC-based waste heat recovery solutions. Topics included in this publication cover the following aspects: performance modeling and optimization of ORC systems based on pure and zeotropic mixture working fluids; applications of waste heat recovery via ORC to gas turbines and reciprocating engines; optimal sizing and operation of ORC under combined heat and power and district heating application; the potential of ORC on board ships and related issues; life cycle analysis for biomass application; ORC integration with supercritical CO2 cycle; and the proper design of the main ORC components, including fluid dynamics issues. The current state of the art is considered and some cutting-edge ORC technology research activities are examined in this book.
organic Rankine cycle system --- zeotropic mixture --- heat exchanger --- low grade heat --- thermodynamic optimization --- method comparison --- micro-ORC --- gear pump --- CFD --- mesh morphing --- pressure pulsation --- cavitation --- dynamic analysis --- energy analysis --- exergy analysis --- organic Rankine cycle --- waste heat recovery --- natural gas engine --- scroll --- opensource CFD --- OpenFOAM --- CoolFOAM --- WOM --- positive displacement machine --- expander --- ORC --- ORC integration technologies --- advanced thermodynamic cycles --- decentralised energy systems --- benzene --- toluene --- cyclopentane --- internal combustion engine --- cogeneration --- district heating --- low sulfur fuels --- regression model --- predictive model --- ship --- techno-economic feasibility --- machinery system optimization --- life cycle assessment --- biomass --- CHP --- carbon footprint of energy production --- Brayton --- environmental impact --- exergy --- life cycle analysis --- performance parameters
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The clean energy transition is the transition from the use of nonrenewable energy sources to renewable sources and is part of the wider transition to sustainable economies through the use of renewable energy, the adoption of energy-saving measures, and sustainable development techniques. The clean energy transition is a long and complex process that will lead to an epochal change, and it will allow safeguarding the health of the environment in the long term. For its success, it necessitates contribution from everyone, from the individual citizen to large multinationals, passing through SMEs; national and international policies play a key role in paving the way to this process. This Special Issue is focused on technical, financial, and policy-related aspects linked to the transition of industrial and service sectors towards energy saving and decarbonization. These different aspects are interrelated and, as such, they have been analyzed with an interdisciplinary approach, for example, by combining economic and technical information. The collected papers focus on energy efficiency and clean-energy key technologies, renewable sources, energy management and monitoring systems, energy policies and regulations, and economic and financial aspects.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- anomaly detection --- principal component analysis --- Monte Carlo simulation --- PV cell production line --- predictive maintenance --- energy audits (EAs) --- energy management systems --- energy performance improved actions (EPIAs) --- energy efficiency --- manufacturing industry --- tertiary sector --- EES systems --- greenhouse gas --- load leveling --- best-mix solution --- optimal operation algorithm --- optimization --- organic rankine cycle --- steam rankine cycle --- energy analysis --- economic analysis --- environmental analysis --- clean energy technologies --- European Green Deal --- fit for 55 --- patent family --- rarity index --- revealed technological advantages --- technological sovereignty --- energy performance indicators (EnPI) --- specific energy consumption (SEC) --- energy management --- industry --- cement --- energy transition --- energy-saving technologies --- foundry manufacturing plant --- Italian overview --- energy efficiency improvements --- waste heat recovery --- waste heat survey --- dairy industry --- oil refining --- refineries --- EnPIs --- health sector --- energy audit --- energy efficiency in economic sectors --- clean-energy technologies --- energy policies and regulations --- financial instruments --- decarbonisation --- renewable energy sources
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While a great deal of postcolonial criticism has examined how the processes of hybridity, mestizaje, creolization, and syncretism impact African diasporic literature, Oakley employs the heuristic of the “commonplace” to recast our sense of the politics of such literature. Her analysis of commonplace poetics reveals that postcolonial poetic and political moods and aspirations are far more complex than has been admitted. African Atlantic writers summon the utopian potential of Romanticism, which had been stricken by Anglo-European exclusiveness and racial entitlement, and project it as an attainable, differentially common future. Putting poets Frankétienne (Haiti), Werewere Liking (Côte d’Ivoire), Derek Walcott (St Lucia), and Claudia Rankine (Jamaica) in dialogue with Romantic poets and theorists, as well as with the more recent thinkers Édouard Glissant, Walter Benjamin, and Emmanuel Levinas, Oakley shows how African Atlantic poets formally revive Romantic forms, ranging from the social utopian manifesto to the poète maudit , in their pursuit of a redemptive allegory of African Atlantic experiences. Common Places addresses issues in African and Caribbean literary studies, Romanticism, poetics, rhetorical theory, comparative literature, and translation theory, and further, models a postcolonial critique in the aesthetic-ethical and “new aestheticist” vein.
Literature --- Poetry --- Caribbean poetry --- Cultural pluralism --- African diaspora in literature. --- Postcolonialism in literature. --- Miscegenation in literature. --- Cultural diversity --- Diversity, Cultural --- Diversity, Religious --- Ethnic diversity --- Pluralism (Social sciences) --- Pluralism, Cultural --- Religious diversity --- Culture --- Cultural fusion --- Ethnicity --- Multiculturalism --- Caribbean literature --- Poems --- Verses (Poetry) --- Black authors --- History and criticism. --- African influences. --- Philosophy --- Glissant, Édouard, --- Walcott, Derek --- Frankétienne --- Rankine, Claudia, --- Franketyèn --- Étienne, Franck --- والكوت، ديرك --- デレク・ウォルコット --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Poetics. --- Authors, African. --- African authors --- African literature --- Technique
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The economical and efficient recovery of waste heat produced by industrial processes (such as chemical and petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical, energetics) and processes and applications in the municipal sphere (such as waste incinerators, heating plants, laundries, hospitals, server rooms) are priorities and challenges. This Special Issue focuses on heat exchangers as key and essential equipment for the practical realization of these challenges. The purpose of this Special Issue is to outline the latest insights and innovative and/or enhanced solutions from the design, production, operation, and maintenance points of view of heat exchangers in different applications of effective waste heat utilization.
waste heat recovery --- Organic Rankine Cycle --- turbo-compound --- brake specific fuel consumption --- engine thermal efficiency --- shell-and-tube heat exchanger --- disc-and-doughnut baffles --- segmental baffles --- multi-objective configuration optimization --- genetic algorithm --- computational fluid dynamics --- symmetric successive overrelaxation --- preconditioning --- performance --- cylindrical shape heat source --- thermoelectric generator --- radiative heat exchanger --- numerical analysis --- industrial experiment --- annular radiator --- performance calculation --- configuration optimization --- heat transfer unit --- plate-and-fin heat exchanger --- nondominated sorted genetic algorithm-II
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This book appeals to scientists, teachers and graduate students in mathematics, and will be of interest for scholars in applied sciences as well, in particular in medicine, biology and social sciences. The models in this connection apply, in particular, to the study of the immune system response and to the predator–prey dynamic. The efficiency of public transport is also considered and blast waves in explosions are studied. Other contributions concern pure mathematics, in particular Pythagorean means, sequences of matrices and Markov chains, and these give evidence of deep links with Symmetry.
paradox of enrichment --- prey–predator system --- persistence of predators --- extinction of predators --- blast waves --- non-ideal gas --- Rankine–Hugoniot conditions --- magnetogasdynamics --- dynamic model --- immune system response --- immune cells --- abnormal cells --- nonlinear ordinary differential equations --- stability --- diet --- Aggregation dynamic system --- Discrete system --- Epidemic model --- Cauchy’s interlacing theorem --- Output-feedback control --- Stability --- Antistable/Stable matrix --- onboard comfort level --- Markow chain --- bus passenger occupancy prediction --- Chebyshev inequality --- Tracy-Singh product --- continuous field of operators --- Bochner integral --- weighted Pythagorean mean
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