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La fracture confessionnelle qui touche l'Occident chrétien au XVIe siècle révolutionne durablement la place des clergés dans les sociétés et leur emprise sur les fidèles. Le principe originel du luthéranisme, puis des réformes de type suisse, du sacerdoce universel a été largement relativisé par la mise en place progressive d'un clergé protestant, mais il a ouvert une brèche que l'on peut suivre à l'époque des controverses et qui continue de fixer une différence fondamentale entre les deux camps. Pourtant, des influences réciproques et des contacts sont observables dans des zones de coexistence confessionnelle : les espaces de frontières peuvent faire figure d'observatoires privilégiés pour comprendre les influences réciproques entre clergés, jusque dans leur façon d'interpréter et de considérer le ministère pastoral et de forger leurs identités professionnelles et sociales. La formation des clergés, leur organisation, leur action, les oppositions auxquelles ils doivent faire face, leurs interactions, les points communs, voire les sociabilités de leurs membres sont ici étudiés à travers des pratiques très diverses (prédication, conférences et controverses, sociabilités érudites, missions, encadrement institutionnel, pratiques liturgiques, répression des déviances, ou encore définition de mémoires concurrentes). Ces études de cas nous plongent dans le processus de définition d'identités cléricales qui se constituent certes souvent contre l'autre, mais aussi, plus subtilement, en fonction de l'autre et sur des fondements communs.

Christian church history --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Prêtres --- Pasteurs (religion) --- Clergé --- Formation --- Formation. --- Religion and sociology --- Religious pluralism --- History --- Europe --- Church history --- Réforme --- clergé --- Église --- catholicisme --- protestantisme

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Les cités grecques de la province romaine d’Asie ont fondé dès le début de l’Empire des cultes d’Auguste et de sa famille d’abord, de l’ensemble des empereurs ensuite. Elles ont ainsi intégré les empereurs à leurs panthéons locaux et leur ont fait une place dans la religion poliade, sans que cela limite pour autant la vitalité des activités religieuses plus traditionnelles. Pour assurer le culte impérial ainsi créé, la plupart des cités d’Asie ont désigné des grands-prêtres. Cet ouvrage étudie la fonction de grand-prêtre dans le contexte politique, institutionnel et religieux des cités grecques durant le Haut-Empire romain. Les sources montrent que la grande-prêtrise est une fonction très prestigieuse et qu’elle s’intègre dans les structures civiques, mais sans remettre en cause la primauté des magistratures et prêtrises traditionnelles. La plupart des grands-prêtres sont des notables locaux pour qui le culte impérial est un moment de la carrière politique civique ; rares sont ceux qui ont les moyens de faire une carrière en dehors de leur cité, dans la province ou l’administration romaine. Cet ouvrage met en lumière le caractère local du culte impérial, signe de loyauté et de romanisation des élites grecques, mais aussi élément de la vitalité de la cité grecque d’époque romaine.

Priests --- Emperor worship --- Prêtres --- Culte impérial --- Asia (Roman province) --- Rome --- Asie (Province romaine) --- Religion --- Religion. --- Religion romaine --- Clergé --- Clergé. --- Apotheose (godsdienst) --- Romeinse keizertijd. --- Priesters. --- Anatolië. --- Apotheose (godsdienst). --- Prêtres --- Culte impérial --- Classics --- History --- Empire romain --- Antiquité --- culte impérial --- cité antique --- religions grecque et romaine --- Clergé

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This volume studies local priests as central players in small communities of early medieval Europe. As clerics living among the laity, priests played a double role within their communities: that of local representatives of the Church and religious experts, and that of owners of land and other goods. By virtue of their membership of both the ecclesiastical and the secular world, they can be considered as ‘men in the middle’: people who brought politico-religious ideas and ideals to secular communities, and who linked the local to the supra-local via networks of landownerhsip. This book addresses both roles that local priests played by approaching them via their manuscripts, and via the charters that record transactions in which they were involved. Manuscripts once owned by local priests bear witness to their education and expertise, but also indicate how, for instance, ideals of the Carolingian reforms reached the lowest levels of early medieval society. The case-studies of collections of charters, on the other hand, show priests as active members of networks of the locally powerful in a variety of European regions. Notwithstanding many local variations, the contributions to this volume show that local priests as ‘men in the middle’ are a phenomenon shared by the early medieval world as a whole.

Priests --- Priesthood --- Communities --- Prêtres --- Sacerdoce --- Communauté --- History. --- History --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- Histoire --- Aspect religieux --- Christianisme --- Europe --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- 254 <09> --- 27 "04/14" --- Community --- Social groups --- Christian priesthood --- Ordination --- Pastors --- Clergy --- Priester. Ambt:--algemeen--Geschiedenis van ... --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Middeleeuwen --- Prêtres --- Communauté --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Christianity&delete& --- Priester. Ambt:--algemeen--Geschiedenis van .. --- Priester. Ambt:--algemeen--Geschiedenis van . --- Priester. Ambt:--algemeen--Geschiedenis van --- Priests - History --- Priesthood - History --- Communities - Religious aspects - Christianity - History --- Communities - Europe --- Europe - Church history - 600-1500 --- Early middle ages. --- history of Christianity. --- social history.

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Dans Le ministère sacerdotal dans la tradition syriaque primitive, Tanios Bou Mansour présente une analyse du sacerdoce chrétien chez quatre auteurs syriaques, Aphraate, Éphrem, Jacques et Narsaï, en l’éclairant par le sacerdoce du Christ et en le plaçant dans la continuité du sacerdoce de l’Ancien Testament. L’originalité et l’actualité de nos auteurs résident dans leur conception de l’élection, de la succession apostolique, de traits “sacerdotaux” attribués aux femmes dans la Bible, et surtout du prêtre qui, mandaté par l’Eglise, exécute l’action du Christ et de l’Esprit. In Le ministère sacerdotal dans la tradition syriaque primitive, Tanios Bou Mansour analyzes the Christian priesthood in four Syriac writers: Aphraate, Ephrem, Jacob of Sarug and Narsaï. Their conception of priesthood is illuminated by the Priesthood of Christ and contextualized within the continuity of the priesthood of the Old Testament. These authors’ originality and actuality lies in their conception of election, of apostolic succession, of “sacerdotal” traits attributed to women in the Bible, and especially of the priest who, commissioned by the Church, executes the action of the Christ and the Spirit.

Clergy --- Church of the East. --- Syrian Orthodox Church. --- Aphraates, --- Ephraem, --- Jacob, --- Narsai, --- Priesthood --- Syrian churches --- Women in Christianity --- Eastern churches --- 254 --- 264.028 --- 281.913 --- 281.913 Orthodoxen: patriarchaat van Antiochië --- Orthodoxen: patriarchaat van Antiochië --- 264.028 Palestijnse, Syrische katholieke ritus. Ritus van Antiochië --- Palestijnse, Syrische katholieke ritus. Ritus van Antiochië --- 254 Etat et conditions des pretres:--general --- 254 Priester. Ambt:--algemeen --- Etat et conditions des pretres:--general --- Priester. Ambt:--algemeen --- Christian sects --- Christian priesthood --- Ordination --- Priests --- Syrian Church --- History of doctrines --- Doctrines&delete& --- History --- Biblical teaching --- Jesus Christ --- Afrām, --- Afrem, --- Aphrem, --- Aprem, Mar, --- Effrem, --- Efrem, --- Ephraem Syrus, --- Ephraim, --- Ephrem, --- Éphrem, --- Epʻrem, --- Epʻrem Khori, --- Epʻrem Khuri, --- Ifram, --- Ifrām, --- Афрем, --- Ефрем, --- افرام، --- Afraate, --- Afrahat, --- Aphraate, --- Aphrahat, --- Pharhad, --- Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Jezus --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- ‏عيسىٰ‏ --- Doctrines --- Clergy - Church of the East. --- Clergy - Syrian Orthodox Church. --- Aphraates, - the Persian Sage, - active 337-345. --- Ephraem, - Syrus, Saint, - 303-373. --- Jacob, - of Serug, - 451-521. --- Narsai, - approximately 413-503. --- Clergy members --- Clergymen --- Diocesan clergy --- Ecclesiastics --- Indigenous clergy --- Major orders --- Members of the clergy --- Ministers (Clergy) --- Ministers of the gospel --- Native clergy --- Ordained clergy --- Ordained ministers --- Orders, Major --- Pastors --- Rectors --- Secular clergy --- Religious leaders

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"In the wake of the conquests of Alexander the Great, the ancient world of the Bible--the ancient Near East--came under Greek rule, and in the land of Israel, time-old traditions and Greek culture met. But with the accession of King Antiochus IV, the soft power of culture was replaced with armed conflict, and soon the Jews rebelled against their imperial masters, as recorded in the Biblical books of Maccabees. Whereas most scholars have dismissed the Biblical accounts of religious persecution and cultural clash, Sylvie Honigman combines subtle literary analysis with deep historical insight to show how their testimony can be reconciled with modern historical analysis by learning to converse with the biblical authors, so to speak, in their own language to understand the way they described their own experiences. Honigman contents that their stories are not mere fantasies but genuine attempts to cope with the massacre that followed the rebellion by giving it new meaning. This reading also discloses fresh political and economic factors"--

Jews --- Maccabees. --- Jewish high priests --- Juifs --- Maccabées --- Grands prêtres (Judaïsme) --- Kings and rulers --- History --- History. --- Rois et souverains --- Histoire --- Antiochus --- Bible. --- History of Biblical events. --- 222.9 --- Makkabeeën --- Antiochnus --- Antiochos --- אנטיוכוס --- אנטיוכוס, --- 2 Maccabees (Apocrypha) --- 2 Machabees (Apocrypha) --- 2nd Maccabees (Apocrypha) --- 2nd Machabees (Apocrypha) --- Maccabees, 2nd (Apocrypha) --- Machabees, 2nd (Apocrypha) --- Makabim 2 --- Second Maccabees (Apocrypha) --- Second Machabees (Apocrypha) --- Sefer ha-Makabim 2 --- 1 Maccabees (Apocrypha) --- 1st Maccabees (Apocrypha) --- First Maccabees (Apocrypha) --- Makabim 1 --- Sefer ha-Makabim 1 --- Brothers. --- Antiochus IV, King of Syria, approximately 215 B.C.-164 B.C. --- Bible. Apocrypha. Maccabees, 1st -- History of Biblical events. --- Bible. Apocrypha. Maccabees, 2nd -- History of Biblical events. --- Jewish high priests -- History. --- Jews -- History -- 586 B.C.-70 A.D. --- Jews -- Kings and rulers -- Brothers. --- Maccabees --- Religion --- Philosophy & Religion --- Judaism --- Brothers --- Maccabées --- Grands prêtres (Judaïsme) --- Asmoneans --- Hasmonaeans --- Hasmoneans --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Head priests, Jewish --- High priests, Jewish --- Jewish head priests --- Priests, Jewish --- alexander the great. --- ancient greece. --- ancient near east. --- ancient world. --- armed conflict. --- bible study. --- bible. --- biblical accounts. --- biblical stories. --- books in the bible. --- books of the maccabees. --- cultural clash. --- economic influences. --- greece. --- greek culture. --- greek rule. --- hellenistic culture and society series. --- historical perspective. --- historical. --- imperial masters. --- jews. --- judaism. --- judean rebellion. --- king antiochos iv. --- land of israel. --- literary analysis. --- political influences. --- power of culture. --- rebellion. --- religious persecution. --- testimony.