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The apatites and related calcium phosphates have been of considerable interest to biologists, mineralogists, and inorganic and industrial chemists for many years. This book contains a detailed description of the structures and structural interrelationships of the calcium orthophosphates, including the apatites. Their preparation, crystal growth and dissolution, chemical reactions including thermal decomposition, IR, Raman and NMR spectra and various physical properties are discussed. Apatites other than those containing calcium and phosphorus are included. Synthetic, mineral and biological car

Apatite. --- Calcium phosphate. --- Calcium salts --- Phosphates --- Phosphate minerals

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Hydroxyapatite. --- Calcium phosphate hydroxide --- Hydroxylapatite --- Apatite

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Phosphate Rock: An Industry in Transition takes an interdisciplinary approach to dealing with the phosphate rock chain and its exploration, extraction, processing, fertilizer making, and storage and transportation. The book treats the subject from a global perspective, giving readers insights into what is happening in the emerging economies of the world and possible solutions to problems. It also provides all the parameters necessary to evaluate economic viability of undertaking a mining venture, taking into consideration demands of sustainable mining - social responsibly, environmental pollution control measures, community development, and precautions necessary for ensuring health and safety in the hazardous conditions of mining operations. In recent years, supply chain management has grown in importance as it forms tighter links in integration of key business processes from initial extraction of raw phosphate rock to end customers through different stages of process techniques. The book surveys the changes in technology, including many game-changing innovations that could transform mining. Presents a purposive classification of resources, status of global phosphate rock reserves, and their life-indices Covers mining conditions and possibilities of improvement in methods of exploration and environmental impact Includes economic considerations for resource assessment, mining, quality control and supply problems.

Phosphate industry. --- Nonmetallic minerals industry --- Phosphate mines and mining. --- Phosphate rock. --- Phosphorite --- Rock phosphates --- Phosphatic fertilizers --- Sedimentary rocks --- Mines and mineral resources --- Phosphate industry

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Human biochemistry --- Calcium phosphate --- Bone regeneration. --- Physiological effect.

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This book systematically discusses the workability, mechanical properties, water stability, and material design methods of ultra-high ductility magnesium phosphate cement-based composites (UHDMC) with PVA fibers, PE fibers, or hybrid fibers. The developed UHDMC possesses strain-hardening behavior, multi-cracking, and ultra-high ultimate tensile strain, which can be used in many engineering projects, such as rapid repair and strengthening of airport runways, roads, bridges, and military installations. Meanwhile, this book covers the development of sprayable UHDMC, which further expands the application scope of UHDMC. This book is expected to provide some technical guidance for the development and design of UHDMC. The book is intended for graduate students who are interested in the ductility improvement of magnesium phosphate cement-based composites, researchers investigating the mechanical properties (strength, toughness, etc.), water stability, microstructure, and sprayability of magnesium phosphate cement-based composites, and engineers working on rapid repair of concrete structures.

Building materials. --- Concrete. --- Building Materials. --- Cement composites. --- Magnesium phosphate.