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The most sacred site of Islam, the Ka'ba (the granite cuboid structure at the centre of the Great Mosque of Mecca) is here investigated by examining six of its predominantly spatial effects.

Kaʻbah (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Islamic architecture --- Arab architecture --- Architecture, Arab --- Architecture, Islamic --- Architecture, Moorish --- Architecture, Muslim --- Architecture, Saracenic --- Moorish architecture --- Muslim architecture --- Saracenic architecture --- Religious architecture --- Bait al-Haram (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Bayt al-Atiq (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Baytu l-ʻAtīq (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Cube, The (Shrine : Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Kaaba (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Kaʻabatuʾl-Musharrafat (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Sacred House of God (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Islamic shrines --- Social aspects --- Masjid al-Ḥarām. --- Muslim shrines --- Shrines --- Mecca. --- Mecca (Saudi Arabia). --- Masjidil Haram --- Ḥaram al-Makkī al-Sharīf --- Bayt al-Ḥarām --- Great Mosque (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) --- Kaʻbah --- مسجد الحرام

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وفي حين أنهم لم يتدخلوا حتى الآن إلا بشكل هامشي في اقتصاد الحج إلى مكة المكرمة، إلا أن الكارثة الإنسانية الناجمة عن وباء الكوليرا في الفترة 1865-1866 دفعت بعض القوى الاستعمارية مثل فرنسا وبريطانيا العظمى، التي سرعان ما انضمت إليها إيطاليا، إلى التعامل مباشرة مع مسألة تنظيم السفر وإقامة رعاياهم المسلمين في المدن المقدسة في الحجاز. للمرة الأولى في تاريخ الإسلام، كان الحج تحت إشراف قوى غير مسلمة. وفي حين أن الهدف المعلن للتدخل الأوروبي في اقتصاد الحج كان الحماية الصحية للحجاج الوافدين من القارة الأوروبية، إلا أنه كان يخفي المزيد من المخاوف السياسية. ويتمثل التحدي إذن في جعل الحج «قابلا للسيطرة». وفي هذا الصدد، كانت الحرب العظمى وضم الحجاز من قبل الحكومة السعودية في عام 1925 خطوات هامة في إعطاء القوى الاستعمارية الوسائل لبناء «سياسات حج». وهكذا يمثل الثلاثينات من القرن الماضي ذروة تدخل القوى الاستعمارية الأوروبية في تنظيم الحج في مكة المكرمة، التي ساعدت على تحويلها لأداة تأثير دبلوماسي واستعماري. Alors qu'elles n'intervenaient jusqu'ici que marginalement dans l'économie du pèlerinage à La Mecque (hajj), la catastrophe humanitaire constituée par l'épidémie de choléra de 1865‑1866 a conduit certaines puissances coloniales comme la France et la Grande-Bretagne, bientôt rejointes par l'Italie, à se saisir directement de la question de l'organisation des déplacements et du séjour de leurs sujets musulmans dans les Villes Saintes du Hedjaz. Pour la première fois dans l'histoire de l'Islam, le hajj a ainsi été supervisé par des puissances non-musulmanes. Si l'objectif affiché de l'intrusion européenne dans l'économie du hajj reste la protection sanitaire des pèlerins et partant du continent européen, il n'en cache pas moins des préoccupations plus politiques. L'enjeu est alors de rendre le hajj « gouvernable ». À cet égard, la Grande Guerre et l'annexion du Hedjaz par le gouvernement saoudien en 1925 constituent des étapes importantes en donnant aux puissances coloniales les moyens de construire de véritables « politiques du pèlerinage ». La décennie 1930 marque ainsi…

History --- hajj --- pélerinage à La Mecque --- consul --- pilgrimage to Mecca --- قنصل --- الحج إلى مكة المكرمة

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In the late nineteenth century, as a consequence of imperial conquest and a mobility revolution, Russia became a crossroads of the hajj, the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. The first book in any language on the hajj under tsarist and Soviet rule, Russian Hajj tells the story of how tsarist officials struggled to control and co-opt Russia's mass hajj traffic, seeing it not only as a liability, but also an opportunity. To support the hajj as a matter of state surveillance and control was controversial, given the preeminent position of the Orthodox Church. But nor could the hajj be ignored, or banned, due to Russia's policy of toleration of Islam. As a cross-border, migratory phenomenon, the hajj stoked officials' fears of infectious disease, Islamic revolt, and interethnic conflict, but Kane innovatively argues that it also generated new thinking within the government about the utility of the empire's Muslims and their global networks. Russian Hajj reveals for the first time Russia's sprawling international hajj infrastructure, complete with lodging houses, consulates, "Hejaz steamships," and direct rail service. In a story meticulously reconstructed from scattered fragments, ranging from archival documents and hajj memoirs to Turkic-language newspapers, Kane argues that Russia built its hajj infrastructure not simply to control and limit the pilgrimage, as previous scholars have argued, but to channel it to benefit the state and empire. Russian patronage of the hajj was also about capitalizing on human mobility to capture new revenues for the state and its transport companies and laying claim to Islamic networks to justify Russian expansion.

Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages --- Islam and state --- History. --- Mecca, hajj, pilgrimage, Russia, Colonialism, Arab world.

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With a variety of case studies, the contributors explore the experiences of female pilgrims to Mecca and other pilgrimage sites, and how these are embedded in historical and current contexts of globalisation and transnational mobility. This volume will be relevant to a broad audience of researchers across pilgrimage, gender, religious, and Islamic studies.

Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages --- Muslim women --- Women in Islam --- Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages - Saudi Arabia - Mecca --- Muslim women - Case studies --- Women in Islam - Case studies --- Hadj --- Hajj --- Mecca, Pilgrimage to --- Pillars of Islam --- Religions --- Religion

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Arabic literature --- Detective and mystery stories. --- Murder --- Manners and customs. --- Investigation --- Investigation. --- Mecca (Saudi Arabia) --- Saudi Arabia --- Social life and customs