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This represents the second volume of a three-volume undertaking. Volume I (M.V. Schwarz und P. Theis, Giottos Leben (Giotto´s life), Vienna 2004) critically examined Giotto´s biography and the corpus of his documented works. Volume 2 presents these works in their respective contexts and attempts to gather information about dating and sequence. It begins with the Arena Chapel, which is Giotto´s most extensive and best documented works. The documentation was still further improved by Michaela Zoeschg´s campaign in the archives and libraries of Padua and Venice. Some aspects of the chapel´s early history now appear in a different light. With regard to the paintings, it is possible to emphasise more strongly than before that they adress the viewer in a decidedly different way. The classic "pictures" (in Hetzer´s sense) are specially cases, whose conception is only gradually developed.

Arts. --- Giotto,

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Giotto --- 1266?-1337

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Gibt es eine historische Wirklichkeit hinter dem in der Renaissance verfertigten Mythos von Giotto als Erneuerer der europäischen Kunst? Der erste Band des dreibändig angelegten Werks Giottus Pictor ist Giottos Lebensgeschichte gewidmet: Auf der Grundlage teils unpublizierter Quellen aus der Lebenszeit des Malers wird die Biographie kritisch erarbeitet. Giotto tritt den Lesern als eine erfolgreiche Normalexistenz des 14. Jahrhunderts gegenüber und dürfte als eine solche nicht nur Kunsthistoriker, sondern im Zeichen von Mentalitätsgeschichte und Mikrogeschichte auch Historiker interessieren.Die Schriftquellen aus insgesamt vier Jahrhunderten, auf denen diese historische Version von Giottos Leben sowie die legendarische Version der Renaissance beruhen, werden im Anhang mit dem Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit wiedergegeben.

ART / History / General. --- Giotto, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Giotto di Bondone --- Bondone, Giotto di --- Dzhotto di Bondone --- Dzhiotto --- Di Bondone, Giotto --- ジオット --- Giotto --- Künstlermythos --- Biographie --- Dante Alighieri --- Florenz

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This probing analysis of three works by Giotto and the patrons who commissioned them goes far beyond the clichés of Giotto as the founding figure of Western painting. It traces the interactions between Franciscan friars and powerful bankers, illuminating the complex interplay between mercantile wealth and the iconography of poverty.Political strife and religious faction lacerated fourteenth-century Italy. Giotto's commissions are best understood against the background of this social turmoil. They reflected the demands of his patrons, the requirements of the Franciscan Order, and the restlessly inventive genius of the painter. Julian Gardner examines this important period of Giotto's path-breaking career through works originally created for Franciscan churches: Stigmatization of Saint Francis from San Francesco at Pisa, now in the Louvre, the Bardi Chapel cycle of the Life of St. Francis in Santa Croce at Florence, and the frescoes of the crossing vault above the tomb of Saint Francis in the Lower Church of San Francesco at Assisi. These murals were executed during a twenty-year period when internal tensions divided the friars themselves and when the Order was confronted by a radical change of papal policy toward its defining vow of poverty. The Order had amassed great wealth and built ostentatious churches, alienating many Franciscans in the process and incurring the hostility of other Orders. Many elements in Giotto's frescoes, including references to St. Peter, Florentine politics, and church architecture, were included to satisfy patrons, redefine the figure of Francis, and celebrate the dominant group within the Franciscan brotherhood.

Electronic books. -- local. --- Evidence, Criminal -- United States. --- Judicial error -- United States. --- Post-conviction remedies -- United States. --- Judicial error --- Evidence, Criminal --- Post-conviction remedies --- Law - U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Criminal Law & Procedure - U.S. --- Postconviction remedies --- Constitutional law --- Criminal procedure --- Remedies (Law) --- The Marshall Project. --- United States --- Art patronage --- Arts patronage --- Business patronage of the arts --- Corporations --- Maecenatism --- Patronage of art --- Art and industry --- History --- Giotto, --- Francis, --- Assisi, Francesco d', --- Bernadone, Francis, --- Bernardone, Giovanni Francesco, --- Ffransis, --- Francesco, --- Francisco, --- Franciscus, --- Franziskus --- Franciskus, --- Franciszek, --- François, --- Franjo, --- Frans, --- Frant︠s︡isk, --- Franz, --- Franziskus, --- Phanxicô, --- Phrankiskos, --- Poverello, --- Pranciškus, --- Pʻŭraensisŭ, --- Sŏng Pʻŭraensisŭ, --- Giotto di Bondone --- Bondone, Giotto di --- Dzhotto di Bondone --- Dzhiotto --- Di Bondone, Giotto --- ジオット --- Criticism and interpretation. --- patronage --- Giotto --- Criticism and interpretation --- Art patronage - Italy - History - To 1500 --- Giotto, - 1266?-1337 - Criticism and interpretation --- Francis, - of Assisi, Saint, - 1182-1226 - Art --- Giotto, - 1266?-1337 --- Francis, - of Assisi, Saint, - 1182-1226

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Archaeometry and cultural heritage have lately taken advantage of developments in scientific techniques, offering valuable information to archaeology, art history, and conservation science, involving both instrumental and non-instrumental approaches. Among the possible techniques, X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) has become one of the most applied techniques for cultural heritage elemental material characterization due to its user friendliness; fast, short acquisition times; portability; and most of all, its absolutely non-destructive nature. For this reason, besides being often a first choice for a preliminary overall materials investigation, XRF spectrometers and spectra data handling methods have continuously improved, giving rise to many variations of the same technique; portable spectrometers, micro-probes, and large area scanners are all variations of a very flexible technique. This Special Issue collects papers dealing with most of the analytical techniques related to XRF spectroscopy appropriate for applications to Cultural Heritage materials. We dedicate this Special Issue to the loving memory of Professor Mario Milazzo, a pioneer of Archaeometry in Italy, awarded in 2002 the Gold Medal for Culture by the Italian President. He is remembered as a generous and pleasant man with an insightful, logical mind, who was able to find an appropriate joke for every situation. Many of us following his footsteps in the research field of applied physics for Cultural Heritage still appreciate his vision, teaching, and impact on our lives.

MA-XRF --- conservation studies --- furniture --- Pietro Piffetti --- chinoiserie lacquered cabinet --- SAM --- STEAM --- pigments --- elemental mapping --- painting stratigraphy --- Giotto --- heritage science --- non-invasive analysis --- portable equipment --- pigment identification --- van der Weyden --- Flemish painting --- calco-potassic glass in painting --- INFN-CHNet --- Opificio delle Pietre Dure --- X-ray fluorescence --- synchrotron radiation --- µXRF --- µXANES --- black gloss --- ancient ceramics --- roman mortar --- historic mortar --- mosaic floors --- XRF --- Bracara Augusta --- Stradivari --- musical instrument --- mandolin --- varnish --- coatings --- multi-layered structure --- reflection FT-IR --- spectroscopy --- pXRF --- PCA --- pottery --- EDXRF --- cultural heritage materials --- pigment analysis --- ceramics classification --- metal alloy quantitative analysis --- n/a