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Today our societies face great challenges with water, in terms of both quantity and quality, but many of these challenges have already existed in the past. Focusing on Asia, Water Societies and Technologies from the Past and Present seeks to highlight the issues that emerge or re-emerge across different societies and periods, and asks what they can tell us about water sustainability. Incorporating cutting-edge research and pioneering field surveys on past and present water management practices, the interdisciplinary contributors together identify how societies managed water resource challenges and utilised water in ways that allowed them to evolve, persist, or drastically alter their environment. The case studies, from different periods, ancient and modern, and from different regions, including Egypt, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Southwest United States, the Indus Basin, the Yangtze River, the Mesopotamian floodplain, the early Islamic city of Sultan Kala in Turkmenistan, and ancient Korea, offer crucial empirical data to readers interested in comparing the dynamics of water management practices across time and space, and to those who wish to understand water-related issues through conceptual and quantitative models of water use. The case studies also challenge classical theories on water management and social evolution, examine and establish the deep historical roots and ecological foundations of water sustainability issues, and contribute new grounds for innovations in sustainable urban planning and ecological resilience.
Water resources development. --- Water-supply --- Anthropology. --- Management. --- Human beings --- Energy development --- Natural resources --- Eau --- Approvisionnement en eau --- Gestion des ressources en eau --- Aspect social --- Histoire --- Études de cas. --- Gestion
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Water quality of pit lakes is one of the most critical environmental issues facing the global mining industry. As ore grades decrease and operators strive to improve efficiency, the number of active pit mines will continue to outpace their underground counterparts in the years ahead.
Lake hydrology. --- Strip mine ponds --- Metals --- Water resources development. --- Energy development --- Natural resources --- Water-supply --- Trace metal protection --- Ponds --- Lacustrine hydrology --- Hydrology --- Environmental aspects. --- Gestion des ressources en eau.
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Agrobiodiversity --- Agrobiodiversity conservation --- Brazil --- population indigène --- biodiversité --- politique publique --- santé environnementale --- climat --- protection de l’écosystème --- gestion de l’environnement; sol; forêt; gestion des ressources; gestion des ressources en eau; système alimentaire; ichtyologie; réseaux hydrologiques; hydrosystème; agrosystème
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Qu’une population rizicole maîtrise l’irrigation ne surprendra personne. En revanche, qu’elle partage minutieusement cette ressource, pourtant abondante, est beaucoup plus étonnant. Comment expliquer ce paradoxe et comprendre le système sophistiqué de gestion de l’eau à Aslewacaur, village du Népal central ? Grâce à une approche historique, l’auteur replace les choix techniques d’irrigation dans leur contexte socio-économique, politique et environnemental. Mais surtout, elle repère dans l’organisation du système d’irrigation la prédominance d’une logique de parenté qui, de surcroît, s’appuie sur l’inscription territoriale des caractéristiques sociales : l’accès à l’eau et sa gestion tout entière se calquent ainsi sur la division lignagère et le partage du patrimoine foncier du clan Brahmane qui domine le village. On découvre alors qu’à travers les tours d’eau que mesure l’horloge hydraulique, c’est la triade fondamentale eau – terre – société qui s’organise dans une relation en miroir entre société et espace hydraulique. En privilégiant l’étude de la pensée paysanne et de la dimension sociale des techniques, l’ouvrage fournit un modèle général d’approche des rapports entre société et agriculture. Il s’adresse de ce fait aux agronomes, ethnologues, géographes, sociologues ou étudiants concernés par les relations entre techniques de production et structures sociales en milieu rural.
Irrigation --- Rice --- Water-supply, Agricultural --- Riz --- Eau --- History. --- Histoire --- Approvisionnement agricole --- Nepal --- Népal --- Rural conditions --- Conditions rurales --- History --- Népal --- Rural conditions. --- Irrigation - Nepal - History --- Water in agriculture --- Chemigation --- agriculture --- société --- ethnologie --- agronomie --- Gestion des ressources en eau --- Approvisionnement agricole en eau --- Riziculture --- Identité collective --- Népal (centre) --- Anthropologie --- Influence
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Today opponents of large-scale dam projects in China, rather than being greeted with indifference or repression, are part of the hydropower policymaking process itself. What accounts for this dramatic change in this critical policy area surrounding China's insatiable quest for energy? In China's Water Warriors, Andrew C. Mertha argues that as China has become increasingly market driven, decentralized, and politically heterogeneous, the control and management of water has transformed from an unquestioned economic imperative to a lightning rod of bureaucratic infighting, societal opposition, and open protest. Although bargaining has always been present in Chinese politics, more recently the media, nongovernmental organizations, and other activists-actors hitherto denied a seat at the table-have emerged as serious players in the policy-making process. Drawing from extensive field research in some of the most remote parts of Southwest China, China's Water Warriors contains rich narratives of the widespread opposition to dams in Pubugou and Dujiangyan in Sichuan province and the Nu River Project in Yunnan province. Mertha concludes that the impact and occasional success of such grassroots movements and policy activism signal a marked change in China's domestic politics. He questions democratization as the only, or even the most illuminating, indicator of political liberalization in China, instead offering an informed and hopeful picture of a growing pluralization of the Chinese policy process as exemplified by hydropower politics. For the 2010 paperback edition, Mertha tests his conclusions against events in China since 2008, including the Olympics, the devastating 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, and the Uighar and Tibetan protests of 2008 and 2009.
POLITICAL SCIENCE --- General --- Water resources development --- Environmentalism --- Economic development --- Environmental policy --- Business & Economics --- Agricultural Economics --- Political aspects --- Environmental aspects --- China --- Politics and government --- Environmental movement --- Social movements --- Anti-environmentalism --- Sustainable living --- Energy development --- Natural resources --- Water-supply --- E-books --- S20/0500 --- S20/1010 --- S20/1150 --- China: Agriculture forestry, fishery, natural disasters--Environmental policy, pollution --- China: Agriculture forestry, fishery, natural disasters--Floods and floodcontrol --- China: Agriculture forestry, fishery, natural disasters--Irrigation and water conservation: after 1949 --- Greenwashing --- Gestion des ressources en eau --- Écologisme --- Développement économique --- Politique de l'environnement --- Chine --- Aspect politique --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Politique et gouvernement --- 1976-....
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بعد خمسة عشر عامًا من إعادة الإعمار في جو من السلم النسبي خلال الفترة الممتدة من 1990 وحتى 2004، شهد لبنان منذ العام 2005 سلسلة من الأحداث السياسية العنيفة الخطيرة التي شكّلت خليطًا معقدًا من التحديات الداخلية والتوترات الإقليمية. وأدى اندلاع الأزمة في سوريا وتداعياتها السياسية والاقتصادية والديموغرافية إلى تفاقم هذا الوضع في لبنان. يسلّط هذا الأطلس الضوء على هذه التحديات الجديدة باعتماد مقاربات مختلفة تكمل تحليل التحولات في لبنان الذي سبق لفريق العمل ذاته أن تناوله في «أطلس لبنان: الأرض والمجتمع» المنشور عام 2007. وهو يأخذ في الاعتبار، بالإضافة إلى الأزمة الدولية والحركات السكانية (هجرة السكان)، الأبعاد الاجتـماعية الاقتصادية في الداخل اللبناني والمشاكل البيئية المرتبطة بالتمدد العمراني العشوائي وبالمخاطر وبالتالي إدارة استخدامات الأراضي والنزاعات المحلية التي تولّدها. هذا الأطلس هو ثمرة تعاون بين باحثين وجامعيين لبنانيين وفرنسيين. يعتـمد المقاربة الجغرافية التي تعطي الأولوية للانتشار المكاني للخصائص الاجتماعية والطبيعية. إن المصادر الرسمية محدودة تحديدًا لناحية الدقة الجغرافية وهي أحيانًا غير جديرة بالثقة وصعبة المنال. والمثال الأبرز على ذلك هي المعطيات حول عدد السكان اللبنانيين مقارنة بعدد اللاجئين. تسمح المعطيات الدولية بتحديد موقع لبنان ببن البلدان المجاورة. كما تقدّم المعطيات الغرضية التي تصدرها الوزارات رؤية مفصلة لقطاعات معينة. ويؤمّن تحليل الصور الجوية وصور الأقمار الصناعية مصدرًا لمعطيات أساسية حول التمدد العمراني والبيئة فيما تشكّل التحقيقات الميدانية الموضعية والغرضية تتمة لحصيلة المعلومات المستخدمة. يتألف الكتاب من ستة فصول. يركز الجزء الأول على الجغرافيا السياسية الإقليمية، والعنف السياسي الداخلي وتأثيراته المحلية، تحديدًا أماكن إقامة اللاجئين السوريين وعودة الظهور العلني لبعض الميليشيات والجماعات المسلحة المتصارعة في ما بينها ومع الجيش اللبناني، بحيث يبدو لبنان مرة أخرى كبلد تشرذمه الولاءات المتعددة. ويبين الجزء الثاني هشاشة النموذج الاقتصادي، فاعتماده على الاستثمارات الأجنبية وتحويلات المغتربين وتراجع الصناعة والزراعة يترجم بتفاقم الاختلالات الاجتماعية في لبنان. ويشكّل الجزء الثالث تقييمًا للعمران في البلاد، الذي زاد بنسبة %80 خلال الأعوام…
Geography --- Area Studies --- cartographie --- changement climatique --- controverses d’aménagement --- crise des déchets --- décentralisation --- dégradation environnementale --- fragmentation --- géopolitique --- gestion des ressources en eau --- gestion locale --- inégalités régionales --- migration --- mobilisations sociales --- pauvreté --- pénurie d’eau --- pénurie électrique --- pollution --- reconstruction --- réfugiés --- risques naturels --- urbanisation --- urbanisme --- cartography --- city planning --- climate change --- decentralization --- electricity shortage --- environmental degradation --- geopolitics --- local spatial management --- natural risks --- planning controversies --- poverty --- refugees --- regional inequalities --- social mobilization --- solid waste crisis --- water shortage --- لبنان --- جغرافية --- علم الخرائط --- لاجئون --- نزوح --- جيوسيساسية --- تقسيم --- تفاوت مناطقي --- فقر --- تمدد عمراني --- تدهور بسئي --- تلوث --- تغير المناخ --- مخاطر طبيعية --- الشح في المياه --- التقنين الكهربائي --- أزمة النفايات --- تخطيط عمراني --- إعادة إعمار --- حراك اجتماعي --- إدارة محلية --- لا مركزية --- تضارب في التخطيط --- اقتصاد --- المدن الكبرى في الشرق الأدنى --- بيوت قديمة
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Water-power --- Water rights --- Industries --- Energie hydraulique --- Droits sur les eaux --- Énergie hydraulique --- Industrie --- Cours d'eau --- Droits de captation d'eau --- Droits de prise d'eau --- Propriété des eaux --- Droits des riverains --- Dérivation (travaux publics) --- Irrigation --- Eau --- Aménagement des cours d'eau --- Aménagement hydraulique --- Électricité hydraulique --- Énergie hydro-électrique --- Houille blanche --- Hydro-électricité --- Hydroélectricité --- Potentiel hydro-électrique --- Ressources hydrauliques --- Ressources hydro-électriques --- Centrales hydroélectriques --- Moulins à eau --- Coupage au jet --- Coupage au jet d'eau --- Énergie des vagues --- Énergie marémotrice --- Génie hydraulique --- Machines hydrauliques --- Roues hydrauliques --- Énergies décarbonées --- Énergie mécanique --- Énergies renouvelables --- Gestion des ressources en eau --- Ressources énergétiques --- Ressources naturelles --- Industrial production --- Industry --- Economics --- Rights, Water --- Water --- Riparian rights --- Water trusts --- Hydraulic power plants --- Hydroelectric power --- Hydroelectricity --- Hydropower --- Waterpower --- Natural resources --- Power resources --- Renewable energy sources --- Water resources development --- Stream measurements --- Economic aspects --- History. --- Power supply --- Aspect économique --- Histoire. --- Droit --- Jaugeage --- Law and legislation --- Etats Unis --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- United States --- United States of America --- US --- USA --- États-Unis --- États du Sun Belt (États-Unis) --- États-Unis (est) --- États-Unis (ouest) --- Middle West (États-Unis) --- Amérique du Nord --- Civilisation --- Conditions économiques --- Conditions sociales --- Émigration et immigration --- Étude et enseignement --- Forces armées --- Histoire --- Opinion publique étrangère --- Politique et gouvernement --- Recensement --- Relations extérieures --- Relations interethniques --- Territoires et possessions --- Divisions politiques et administratives --- Frontières --- Industries, Primitive
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