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Covering linguistic research on empty categories over more than three decades, this monograph presents the result of an in-depth syntactic and focus-theoretical investigation of ellipsis in generative grammar. The phenomenon of ellipsis most generally refers to the omission of linguistic material, structure and sound. The central aim of this book is to explain on the basis of linguistic theorizing of how it is possible that we understand more than we actually hear. The answer developed throughout this book is that ellipsis is an interface phenomenon which can only be explained on the basis of the complex interaction between syntax, semantics and information structure. Scholars of grammar and cognitive scientists will profit from reading this book.
Grammar --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Generative grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Ellipsis --- Generative grammar. --- Ellipsis. --- Ellipsis (Language). --- Generative Linguistics.
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Japonés --- Japanese language --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Foco (Lingüística) --- Tópicos y comentarios. --- Topic and comment. --- Sintaxis.
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How direct is the mapping between linguistic constructions and their interpretations? Much less direct than we commonly assume, according to Daniel Wedgwood. Extending current ideas from frameworks like Relevance Theory and Dynamic Syntax, Wedgwood upholds a radical position on modelling linguistic competence: the idea of interfacing static syntactic and semantic representations must be abandoned in favour of models of the incremental construction of meaning during parsing - which may involve significant pragmatic enrichment. In illustration, Wedgwood presents a detailed study of a key meeting point of grammar and pragmatics: focus, in particular its syntactic expression in Hungarian. The result is a strikingly simple explanation of a complex set of syntactico-semantic phenomena, touching on information structure, negation, quantification and complex predication. For its clear and bold theoretical argumentation and its novel analysis of some notorious data, this book will be of interest to all linguists, philosophers and computational linguists concerned with the relationships between syntax, semantics, pragmatics and information structure. This book features a broad theoretical perspective. It offers a coherent overall picture of syntax, semantics and pragmatics - and how they inter-relate. It combines a bold new approach with the insights of existing theory - thorough, novel analysis of linguistic phenomena that historically occupy an important place in the literature, as illustration of a carefully laid out theoretical position. It extends and integrates research from a variety of linguistic domains and frameworks. It also includes a comprehensive informal discussion as well as a formalised analysis.
Focus (Linguistics) --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse analysis --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Philosophy --- Topic and comment --- Lexicology. Semantics --- Pragmatics
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No detailed description available for "Focus and Coherence in Discourse Processing".
Discourse analysis --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Cohesion (Linguistics) --- Cognitive science. --- Science --- Philosophy of mind --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Coherence (Linguistics) --- Cohesiveness (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Psychological aspects. --- Topic and comment --- Pragmatics --- Psycholinguistics
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This book explores factors relevant in the choices speakers and writers make in regard to explicitness of reference to the subjects and objects in their utterances. Bulgarian is a particularly felicitous target language for this type of study, since it possesses a rich inventory of available packaging techniques, ranging from zero reference, to various stressed and unstressed single forms, to actual doubled ("reduplicated") constructions. The study systematically addresses the need to avoid referential and grammatical ambiguity, and the crucial influence of emphasis. Another, and perhaps most interesting central factor is the status of what the communication is about, which is assessed on two different levels. The book makes use of data from both published Bulgarian fiction and naturally occurring oral conversations. The fundamental similarities between these modes of communication with respect to noun phrase selection is demonstrated, but explanations are also proposed for the observable differences.
Lexicology. Semantics --- Bulgarian language --- Grammar --- -Bulgarian language --- -Focus (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Slavic languages, Southern --- Syntax --- Topic and comment --- Semantics --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES --- Linguistics / Semantics --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Slavic, Baltic and Albanian Languages & Literatures --- Languages & Literatures --- Syntax. --- Topic and comment. --- Semantics.
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This collection investigates the architecture of focus in linguistic theory from different theoretical perspectives. Research on focus and information structure in the last four decades has shown that the phenomenon of focus is highly complex, the theoretical approaches manifold, and the data highly sensitive. The main emphasis has been placed on the integration of the notion of focus in generative grammar. In recent years, however, the approaches to focus and information structure underwent a radical change in perspective. The theoretical concept of focus, its related terms and phenomena became the object of research. Along with it, the research questions shifted: instead of locating focus in the architecture of grammar, linguists investigate the architecture of focus itself. The central underlying idea of this collection is to document this change in perspective with the aim of isolating essential keystones and research areas in both the theoretical and empirical domain. The book is structured accordingly. Following the introduction, there are four main sections: The general section discusses the theoretical foundations of focus within grammar. The second section hosts papers which investigate the representation of focus and topic at the syntax-pragmatics interface. The third section discusses the phonological representation of focus and its relation to meaning. The papers of the final section investigate different types of focus constructions in a variety languages. The collection of papers on the architecture of focus, its interpretation and representation mirror the establishment of the focus research field.
Grammar --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Generative grammar. --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- 801.56 --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Grammar, Generative --- Grammar, Transformational --- Grammar, Transformational generative --- Transformational generative grammar --- Transformational grammar --- Psycholinguistics --- Discourse analysis --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Grammar, Comparative --- Derivation --- Topic and comment --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Focus (Linguistics). --- Generative grammar --- Focus. --- Syntax.
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This is an introduction to information structure, discussing a range of phenomena on the syntax-information structure interface. The book examines whether information structure maps onto syntax, and if so how.
801.56 --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Discourse analysis. --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Topic and comment. --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Focus (Linguistics). --- Discourse analysis --- Functional sentence perspective (Grammar) --- Predicate and subject (Grammar) --- Subject and predicate (Grammar) --- Theme and rheme --- Topic and comment (Grammar) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Topic and comment --- Subject and predicate --- Syntax --- Linguistics --- Philology
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Does context and context-dependence belong to the research agenda of semantics - and, specifically, of formal semantics? Not so long ago many linguists and philosophers would probably have given a negative answer to the question. However, recent developments in formal semantics have indicated that analyzing natural language semantics without a thorough accommodation of context-dependence is next to impossible. The classification of the ways in which context and context-dependence enter semantic analysis, though, is still a matter of much controversy and some of these disputes are ventilated in the present collection. This book is not only a collection of papers addressing context-dependence and methods for dealing with it: it also records comments to the papers and the authors' replies to the comments. In this way, the contributions themselves are contextually dependent. In view of the fact that the contributors to the volume are such key figures in contemporary formal semantics as Hans Kamp, Barbara Partee, Reinhard Muskens, Nicholas Asher, Manfred Krifka, Jaroslav Peregrin and many others, the book represents a quite unique inquiry into the current activities on the semantics side of the semantics/pragmatics boundary.
Semantics. --- Context (Linguistics) --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis. --- Topic and comment --- Focus (Linguistics). --- Semantics --- Discourse analysis --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Situation (Linguistics) --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Context --- Semiotics --- Linguistics --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Lexicology. Semantics --- Pragmatics --- Context (Linguistics).
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No detailed description available for "Focus and Secondary Predication".
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Generative grammar. --- Grammar, Generative --- Grammar, Transformational --- Grammar, Transformational generative --- Transformational generative grammar --- Transformational grammar --- Psycholinguistics --- Predicate (Grammar) --- Verb phrase --- Discourse analysis --- Language and languages --- Syntax --- Syntax. --- Verb phrase. --- Derivation --- Phrasal verb --- Predicate --- Verbals --- Topic and comment --- Focus (Linguistics). --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax
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"In many languages, the objects of transitive verbs are either marked by grammatical case or agreement on the verb, or they remain unmarked: this is differential object marking. This book is a cross-linguistic study of how differential object marking is affected by information structure, the structuring of the utterance in accordance with the informational value of its elements and contextual factors. Marked objects tend to be associated with old information or information that the sentence is about, while unmarked objects tend to express new information. The book also sheds light on grammatical patterning in languages with differential object marking: in some languages marked and unmarked objects have identical grammatical properties, whereas in other languages marked objects are more active in syntax. Finally, it provides a theory of the historical changes that lead to the emergence of various patterns of differential object marking"
Grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics. --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Syntax. --- Topic and comment. --- 801.56 --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES --- General --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Focus (Linguistics). --- General. --- Focus (linguistics). --- Grammar, comparative and general --- Language arts & disciplines --- Semantics --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Functional sentence perspective (Grammar) --- Predicate and subject (Grammar) --- Subject and predicate (Grammar) --- Theme and rheme --- Topic and comment (Grammar) --- Syntax --- Discourse analysis --- Topic and comment --- Subject and predicate --- Sémantique --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Focus (linguistique) --- Sujet et prédicat --- Syntaxe --- Sémantique --- Sujet et prédicat
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