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Since the emergence of femtochemistry seventeen years ago, remarkable progress has been made and femtosecond spectroscopy devoted to Chemistry and Biology has become a well established field of research, giving rise to femtochemistry and femtobiology. The significance of the field is recognized through its impact around the world, giving rise to numerous conferences which includes the most recent conference from the Femtochemistry Conference Series, Femtochemistry VII. This title is made up of contributions made from the Femtochemistry VII conference held in Washington D.C., 17-22 Jul

Femtochemistry --- Chemical kinetics --- Molecular dynamics --- Femtosecond photochemistry --- Laser photochemistry

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From a beginning in an Egyptian delta town and the port of Alexandria to the scenic vistas of sunny southern California, Ahmed Zewail takes us on a voyage through time his own life and the split-second world of the femto second. In this endearing exposé of his life and work until his receipt of the Nobel Prize in 1999, he draws lessons from his life story so far, and he meditates on the impact which the revolution in science has had on our modern world in both developed and developing countries.

Femtochemistry --- Chemists --- Chemical workers --- Physical scientists --- Femtosecond photochemistry --- Laser photochemistry --- History --- Zewail, Ahmed H. --- Zuwayl, Aḥmad --- زويل، أحمد --- زويل، أحمد حسن --- زويل، احمد ه.

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These two volumes on femtochemistry present a timely contribution to a field central to the understanding of the dynamics of the chemical bond. This century has witnessed great strides in time and space resolutions, down to the atomic scale, providing chemists, biologists and physicists with unprecedented opportunities for seeing microscopic structures and dynamics. Femtochemistry is concerned with the time resolution of the most elementary motions of atoms during chemical change - bond breaking and bond making - on the femtosecond (10-15 second) time scale. This atomic scale of time resolution has now reached the ultimate for the chemical bond and as Lord George Porter puts it, chemists are near the end of the race against time. These two volumes cover the general concepts, techniques and applications of femtochemistry. Professor Ahmed Zewail, who has made the pioneering contributions in this field, has from over 250 publications selected the articles for this anthology. These volumes begin with a commentary and a historical chronology of the milestones. He then presents a broad perspective of the current state of knowledge in femtochemistry by researchers around the world and discusses possible new directions. In the words of a colleague, "it is a must on the reading-list for all of my students ... all readers will find this to be an informative and valuable overview." The introductory articles in Volume I provide reviews for both the non-experts as well as for experts in the field. This is followed by papers on the basic concepts. For applications, elementary reactions are studied first and then complex reactions. Volume I is complete with studies of solvation dynamics, non-reactive systems, ultrafast electron diffraction and the control of chemical reactions. Volume II continues with reaction rates, the concept of elementary intramolecular vibrational-energy redistribution (IVR) and the phenomena of rotational coherence which has become a powerful tool for the determination of molecular structure via time resolution. The second volume ends with an extensive list of references, according to topics, based on work by Professor Zewail and his group at Caltech. These collected works by Professor Zewail will certainly be indispensable to both experts and beginners in the field. The author is known for his clarity and for his creative and systematic contributions. These volumes will be of interest and should prove useful to chemists, biologists and physicists. As noted by Professor J. Manz (Berlin) and Professor A.W. Castleman, Jr. (Penn State): femtochemistry is yielding exciting new discoveries from analysis to control of chemical reactions, with applications in many domains of chemistry and related fields, e.g., physical, organic and inorganic chemistry, surface science, molecular biology, etc.

Femtochemistry. --- Chemical bonds. --- Chemical kinetics. --- Molecular dynamics. --- Dynamics, Molecular --- Dynamics --- Chemical reaction, Kinetics of --- Chemical reaction, Rate of --- Chemical reaction, Velocity of --- Chemical reaction rate --- Chemical reaction velocity --- Kinetics, Chemical --- Rate of chemical reaction --- Reaction rate (Chemistry) --- Velocity of chemical reaction --- Chemical affinity --- Reactivity (Chemistry) --- Bonds, Chemical --- Chemical structure --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Overlap integral --- Quantum chemistry --- Valence (Theoretical chemistry) --- Femtosecond photochemistry --- Laser photochemistry

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As concepts and methodologies have evolved over the past two decades, the realm of ultrafast science has become vast and exciting and has impacted many areas of chemistry, biology and physics, and other fields such as materials science, electrical engineering, and optical communication. The field has recently exploded with the announcement of a series of remarkable new developments and advances. This volume surveys this recent growth in eleven chapters written by leading international researchers in the field. It includes sections on femtosecond optical frequency combs, soft x-ray femtosecond laser sources, and attosecond laser sources. In addition, the contributors address real-time spectroscopy of molecular vibrations with sub-5-fs pulses and multidimensional femtosecond coherent spectroscopies for studying molecular and electron dynamics. Novel methods for measuring and characterizing ultrashort laser pulses and ultrashort pulses of light are also described. The topics covered are revolutionizing the fields of biomedical imaging, electron dynamics, ultrahigh precision spectroscopy, and optical frequency metrology. Surveying the latest advances in ultrafast lasers, Femtosecond Laser Spectroscopy will be of interest to both researchers and graduate students.

Laser spectroscopy. --- Femtochemistry. --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Laser pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Ultrashort --- Picosecond laser pulses --- Picosecond light pulses --- Ultrashort laser pulses --- Ultrashort light pulses --- Laser beams --- Pulse techniques (Electronics) --- Picosecond pulses --- Femtosecond photochemistry --- Laser photochemistry --- Spectrum analysis --- Physics. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators

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This book presents the latest developments in Femtosecond Chemistry and Physics for the study of ultrafast photo-induced molecular processes. Molecular systems, from the simplest H2 molecule to polymers or biological macromolecules, constitute central objects of interest for Physics, Chemistry and Biology, and despite the broad range of phenomena that they exhibit, they share some common behaviors. One of the most significant of those is that many of the processes involving chemical transformation (nuclear reorganization, bond breaking, bond making) take place in an extraordinarily short time, in or around the femtosecond temporal scale (1 fs = 10-15 s). A number of experimental approaches - very particularly the developments in the generation and manipulation of ultrashort laser pulses - coupled with theoretical progress, provide the ultrafast scientist with powerful tools to understand matter and its interaction with light, at this spatial and temporal scale. This book is an attempt to reunite some of the state-of-the-art research that is being carried out in the field of ultrafast molecular science, from theoretical developments, through new phenomena induced by intense laser fields, to the latest techniques applied to the study of molecular dynamics.

Femtochemistry. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Femtosecond photochemistry --- Kinetic theory of liquids. --- Molecular acoustics. --- Chemistry. --- Spectroscopy. --- Physical chemistry. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Atomic structure. --- Molecular structure. --- Spectra. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Laser Technology, Photonics. --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry. --- Optics and Electrodynamics. --- Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra. --- Laser photochemistry --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Qualitative --- Atomic structure  . --- Molecular structure . --- Structure, Molecular --- Chemical structure --- Structural bioinformatics --- Structure, Atomic --- Atomic theory --- Physics --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Spectrometry --- Analytical chemistry --- Laser photochemistry. --- Molecular dynamics.