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In Operation Freak, Christian Flaugh embarks upon an exploration of the intricate connection between the physical bodies and narratives that, subjected to all manner of operations, generate identity. The author spotlights such voluntary and involuntary acts to show how discourses of ability, disability, and bodily manipulation regularly influence the production in and of various Francophone texts. Flaugh's foundation is the critical examination of mutually-informing narratives: Francophone novels that hyperbolically signal normative discourses through quintessential "freaks" (monstres) such as the Siamese twin, the bearded lady, and the exotic witch; and the related sociocultural master narratives from North America, North Africa, and the Caribbean. Employing disability and freak culture theories alongside studies of identification and narrative, Flaugh's close readings move beyond polarized discussions of "disabled" and "non-disabled" bodies. They expand such discussions to articulate how ability - like identity and narrative - is impermanent. It passes and it is passed throughout a spectrum at the same time that it intersects regularly with various narratives of identity like citizenship, gender, and race. Each chapter reveals how "operation" is a profit-driven identification process informed by abilities and constantly reproduced by surgeons, slave masters, writers, and the "freak" protagonists themselves. An unflinching look at such manipulation, Operation Freak illustrates the undeniably visceral relation between bodily ability, identity, narrative, and normality carved onto the body of the freak of culture (monstre de la culture).

Abnormalities, Human, in literature. --- Identity (Philosophical concept) in literature. --- Identity in literature --- Godbout, Jacques, --- Ben Jelloun, Tahar, --- Condé, Maryse.

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Focusing on specific texts by Jamaica Kincaid, Maryse Condé, and Paule Marshall, this fascinating study explores the intricate trichotomous relationship between the mother (biological or surrogate), the motherlands Africa and the Caribbean, and the mothercountry represented by England, France, and/or North America. The mother-daughter relationships in the works discussed address the complex, conflicting notions of motherhood that exist within this trichotomy. Although mothering is usually socialized as a welcoming, nurturing notion, Alexander argues that alongside this nurturing notion there exists much conflict. Specifically, she argues that the mother-daughter relationship, plagued with ambivalence, is often further conflicted by colonialism or colonial intervention from the "other," the colonial mothercountry. Mother Imagery in the Novels of Afro-Caribbean Women offers an overview of Caribbean women's writings from the 1990s, focusing on the personal relationships these three authors have had with their mothers and/or motherlands to highlight links, despite social, cultural, geographical, and political differences, among Afro-Caribbean women and their writings. Alexander traces acts of resistance, which facilitate the (re)writing/righting of the literary canon and the conception of a "newly created genre" and a "womanist" tradition through fictional narratives with autobiographical components. Exploring the complex and ambiguous mother-daughter relationship, she examines the connection between the mother and the mother's land. In addition, Alexander addresses the ways in which the absence of a mother can send an individual on a desperate quest for selfhood and a home space. This quest forces and forges the creation of an imagined homeland and the re-validation of "old ways and cultures" preserved by the mother. Creating such an imagined homeland enables the individual to acquire "wholeness," which permits a spiritual return to the motherland, Africa via the Caribbean. This spiritual return or homecoming, through the living and practicing of the old culture, makes possible the acceptance and celebration of the mother's land. Alexander concludes that the mothers created by these authors are the source of diasporic connections and continuities. Writing/righting black women's histories as Kincaid, Condé, and Marshall have done provides a clearing, a space, a mother's land, for black women. Mother Imagery in the Novels of Afro-Caribbean Women will be of great interest to all teachers and students of women's studies, African American studies, Caribbean literature, and diasporic literatures.

Caribbean fiction (English) --- Women and literature --- American fiction --- African American women in literature. --- Mothers and daughters in literature. --- Motherhood in literature. --- Mothers in literature. --- Home in literature. --- Afro-American women in literature --- Literature --- Caribbean literature (English) --- English fiction --- Women authors --- History and criticism. --- History --- African American authors --- Marshall, Paule, --- Kincaid, Jamaica --- Condé, Maryse --- Condé, M. --- Richardson, Elaine Potter --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Marshall, Paule (1929-....) --- Kincaid, Jamaica (1949-....) --- Condé, Maryse (1937-....) --- Femmes et littérature --- Roman antillais de langue anglaise --- Mères --- Maternité --- Mères et filles --- Critique et interprétation --- Antilles --- 20e siècle --- Femmes écrivains --- Histoire et critique --- États-Unis --- Dans la littérature --- Thèmes, motifs --- Région caraïbe --- Conde, Maryse

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"Emily Sahakian examines plays by Ina Cesaire, Maryse Conde, Gerty Dambury, and Simone Schwarz-Bart that premiered in the French Caribbean or in France in the 1980s and 1990s and soon thereafter traveled to the United States. Sahakian argues that these late-twentieth-century plays by French Caribbean women writers dramatize and enact creolization -- the process of cultural transformation through mixing and conflict that occurred in the context of the legacies of slavery and colonialism" --

Cultural fusion. --- Women in literature. --- Theater --- Caribbean drama (French Creole) --- Culture fusion --- Fusion, Cultural --- Hybridism (Social sciences) --- Hybridity (Social sciences) --- Cultural relations --- Acculturation --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Ethnicity --- Multiculturalism --- Cultural pluralism --- Woman (Christian theology) in literature --- Women in drama --- Women in poetry --- Dramatics --- Histrionics --- Professional theater --- Stage --- Theatre --- Performing arts --- Acting --- Actors --- Caribbean French Creole drama --- Creole drama, Caribbean French --- French Creole drama, Caribbean --- Caribbean literature (French Creole) --- History --- Women authors --- History and criticism. --- Schwarz-Bart, Simone --- Dambury, Gerty --- Conde, Maryse --- Cesaire, Ina --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Ubu Repertory Theater. --- Cultural hybridity --- Transculturalism --- Transculturation

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Thematology --- Schwarz-Bart, André --- Schwarz-Bart, Simone --- Ethnicity in literature --- Ethnicité dans la littérature --- Etnisch bewustzijn in de literatuur --- West Indians in literature --- Women in literature --- Women and literature --- National characteristics in literature --- Schwarz-Bart, André, --- Criticism and interpretation --- West Indies, French --- In literature --- Ethnicity in literature. --- National characteristics in literature. --- West Indians in literature. --- Women in literature. --- -Women in literature --- 804.0 --- 840 --- Woman (Christian theology) in literature --- Women in drama --- Women in poetry --- Literature --- Frans. Franse taalkunde --- Franse literatuur --- Schwarz-Bart, Andre --- -Schwarz-Bart, Simone --- -Bart, Simone Schwarz --- -Schwartz-Bart, Simone --- Shṿarts-Barṭ, Simon --- Barṭ, Simon Shṿarts --- -Criticism and interpretation --- -Antilles, French --- Antilles françaises --- French Antilles --- French West Indies --- Antilles, Lesser --- -In literature --- 840 Franse literatuur --- 804.0 Frans. Franse taalkunde --- Schwarz-Bart, André, --- Bart, Simone Schwarz --- -Bart, André Schwarz-, --- Schwartz-Bart, André, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Antilles, French --- In literature. --- Ethnicity --- West Indies [French ] --- Bart, André Schwarz-, --- -Criticism and interpretation. --- 840 French literature. Literature in French --- French literature. Literature in French --- Harris, Wilson --- Morrison, Toni --- Women and literature - West Indies, French --- Schwarz-Bart, Simone - Criticism and interpretation --- Schwarz-Bart, André, - 1928-2006 - Criticism and interpretation --- West Indies, French - In literature --- Affergan (francis) --- Bebel-gisler (dany) --- Caribbean literature --- Carpentier (alejo), 1904-1980 --- Cesaire (aime), 1913-2008 --- Chamoiseau (patrick) --- Conde (maryse) --- Confiant (raphaël) --- Fanon (frantz), 1925-1961 --- Glissant (edouard), 1928 --- -Hodge (merle), 1944 --- -Hoffmann (leon francois) --- Hyvrard (jeanne) --- Marshall (paule), 1929 --- -Maximin (daniel) --- Memmi (albert) --- Rhys (jean), 1894-1979 --- Saint-john perse (alexis saint-leger leger, dit) --- Schwartz-bart (andre) --- Schwartz-bart (simone) --- Slavery --- Toumson (roger) --- Walker (alice) --- Zobel (joseph), 1915 --- -Harris, Wilson --- Schwarz-Bart, André, - 1928-2006 --- -Affergan (francis) --- Zobel (joseph), 1915-