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It is now widely accepted that adaptation will be necessary if we are to manage the risks posed by climate change. What we know about adaptation, however, is limited. While there is a well established body of scholarship proposing assessment approaches and explaining concepts, few studies have examined if and how adaptation is taking place at a national or regional level. This deficit in understanding is particularly pronounced in developed nations which have typically been assumed to have a low vulnerability to climate change. Yet as recent research highlights, this assumption is misplaced: developed nations are experiencing the most pronounced changes in climatic conditions globally and have significant pockets of vulnerability. Chapters in this book profile cases from different sectors in developed nations where specific adaptation measures have been identified, implemented, and evaluated. The contributions provide practical advice and guidance that can help guide adaptation planning in multiple contexts, identifying transferable lessons. It is a comprehensive and timely piece of work on an emerging body of literature that is critical for both academics and policy makers to be aware of and learn from in regards to the importance of adaptation and adaptation needs associated with climate change and variability.  It is a strong step forward in bringing together this literature and thinking in one collective piece of writing. Chris Furgal, Trent University, Canada Lead Author IPCC 4th Assessment Report   This volume is ambitious in scope and distinctive in focus. It is not about climate change science or mitigation or impacts... but focuses clearly on the processes of adaptation. This volume represents a valuable compilation of ideas, methods and applications dealing with adaptation to climate change in developed nations. Barry Smit, University of Guelph, Canada Canada Research Chair in Global Environmental Change   This book provides key insights from leading scholars who are addressing an important but neglected question: How easy is it to adapt to climate change in practice? Focusing on evidence from developed countries, the contributions provide reasons for both optimism and concern, and lessons that are critical for anyone interested in climate change policy and a sustainable future. Karen O’Brien, University of Oslo, Norway Chair of Global Environmental Change and Human Security.

Climatic changes -- Environmental aspects. --- Climatic changes. --- Environmental aspects. --- Greenhouse gas mitigation -- Technological innovations. --- Greenhouse gas mitigation. --- Technological innovations -- Environmental aspects. --- Climatic changes --- Public health --- Industries --- Metropolitan areas --- Agriculture --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Health Occupations --- Social Change --- Climatic Processes --- Adaptation, Biological --- Physiological Processes --- International Cooperation --- Sociology --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Biological Processes --- Internationality --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Physiological Phenomena --- Social Sciences --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biological Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Climate Change --- Environmental Health --- Adaptation, Physiological --- Urbanization --- Developed Countries --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Environmental aspects --- Climate change mitigation --- Law and legislation --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climate mitigation --- Climatic mitigation --- Mitigation of climate change --- Mitigation --- Environment. --- Climate change. --- Environmental management. --- Climate Change. --- Climate Change Management and Policy. --- Environmental Management. --- Environment, general. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Climatology --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Environmental protection --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Environmental sciences. --- Environmental science --- Science --- Developed countries --- Rural conditions --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- Western countries --- Global environmental change --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Population biology --- Ecology

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Climate changes will affect food production in a number of ways. Crop yields, aquatic populations and forest productivity will decline, invasive insect and plant species will proliferate and desertification, soil salinization and water stress will increase. Each of these impacts will decrease food and nutrition security, primarily by reducing access to and availability of food, and also by increasing the risk of infectious disease. Although increased biofuel demand has the potential to increase incomes among producers, it can also negatively affect food and nutrition security. Land used for cultivating food crops may be diverted to biofuel production, creating food shortages and raising prices. Accelerations in unregulated or poorly regulated foreign direct investment, deforestation and unsustainable use of chemical fertilizers may also result. Biofuel production may reduce women’s control of resources, which may in turn reduce the quality of household diets. Each of these effects increases risk of poor food and nutrition security, either through decreased physical availability of food, decreased purchasing power, or increased risk of disease. The Impact of Climate Change and Bioenergy on Nutrition articulates the links between current environmental issues and food and nutrition security. It provides a unique collection of nutrition statistics, climate change projections, biofuel scenarios and food security information under one cover which will be of interest to policymakers, academia, agronomists, food and nutrition security planners, programme implementers, health workers and all those concerned about the current challenges of climate change, energy production, hunger and malnutrition.

Climatic changes. --- Food security. --- Food supply. --- Food Industry --- Nutrition Disorders --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Climatic Processes --- Environment --- Economics --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Industry --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Environment and Public Health --- Social Sciences --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Health Care --- Diseases --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Biological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Food Supply --- Conservation of Natural Resources --- Energy-Generating Resources --- Climate Change --- Malnutrition --- Resource Allocation --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Business & Economics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Agricultural Economics --- Food security -- Climatic factors. --- Biomass energy. --- Nutrition. --- Alimentation --- Food --- Nutrition --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Health aspects --- Environmental aspects --- Environment. --- Climate change. --- Public health. --- Agriculture. --- Sustainable development. --- Climate Change. --- Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts. --- Sustainable Development. --- Public Health. --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Nutrition   . --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- Global environmental change

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In view of the rapidly changing ecology of Africa ,this work provides benchmarks for some of the major, and more neglected, aspects, with an accent on historical data to enable habitats to be seen in relation to their previous state, forming a background reference work to understanding how the ecology of Africa has been shaped by its past. Reviewing historical data wherever possible it adopts an holistic view treating man as well as animals, with accent on diseases both human and animal which have been a potent force in shaping Africa’s ecology, a role neglected in ecological studies.

Ecology -- Africa. --- Environmental sciences -- Africa. --- Ecology --- Climatic changes --- Communicable diseases --- Biogeography --- Human ecology --- Nature --- Environment --- Geographic Locations --- Infection --- Biology --- Humanities --- Earth Sciences --- Climatic Processes --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Environment and Public Health --- Geographicals --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Biological Phenomena --- Diseases --- Health Care --- Phenomena and Processes --- Africa --- Ecosystem --- Climate Change --- History --- Communicable Diseases --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Geography --- Physical Geography --- Environmental aspects --- Effect of human beings on --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Geography. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Physical geography. --- Ecology. --- Climate change. --- Nature conservation. --- Physical Geography. --- Nature Conservation. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Climate Change. --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Climatic changes. --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Conservation of nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Conservation --- Ecology . --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Global environmental change

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This is the first book to summarize all aspects of allergenic pollen: production, atmospheric distribution, and health impacts, as well as the means of monitoring and forecasting these phenomena. Based on a four-year effort by a large group of leading European scientists, this book highlights the new developments in research on allergenic pollen, including the modelling prospects and effects of climate change. The multidisciplinary team of authors offers insights into the latest technology of detection of pollen and its allergenic properties, forecasting methods, and the influence of allergenic pollen on the population. The comprehensive coverage in this book makes it an indispensable volume for anyone dealing with allergenic pollen worldwide. Readers involved in environmental health, aerobiology, medicine, and plant science will find this book of interest.

Environmental sciences. --- Pollen -- Allergenicity. --- Pollen -- Dispersal -- Climatic factors. --- Pollen --- Climatic Processes --- Public Health Practice --- Antigens --- Journal Article --- Environmental Exposure --- Geographic Locations --- Germ Cells, Plant --- Flowers --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Biological Factors --- Geographicals --- Public Health --- Publication Formats --- Environmental Pollution --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Publication Characteristics --- Flowering Tops --- Environment and Public Health --- Plant Components, Aerial --- Biological Phenomena --- Health Care --- Plant Structures --- Phenomena and Processes --- Anatomy --- Allergens --- Environmental Monitoring --- Climate Change --- Review --- Europe --- Botany --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Environmental Health --- Plant Anatomy --- Allergenicity --- Dispersal --- Climatic factors --- Pollen. --- Allergens. --- Dispersal. --- Health aspects. --- Grains, Pollen --- Pollen grains --- Dispersal of pollen --- Environment. --- Physical geography. --- Allergy. --- Public health. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Environmental health. --- Air pollution. --- Environmental Health. --- Allergology. --- Earth System Sciences. --- Plant Sciences. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Public Health. --- Pollinaria --- Anther --- Palynology --- Pollination --- Environmental Medicine. --- Environmental protection. --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Environmental sciences --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental policy --- Environmental quality --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Allergic diseases --- Allergies --- Hypersensitivity --- Hypersensitivity, Immediate --- Immediate allergy --- Immediate hypersensitivity --- Immunologic diseases --- Immunoglobulin E --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Health --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Pollution --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Geography --- Health ecology --- Public health --- Health risk assessment --- Control --- Health aspects --- Environmental aspects --- Floristic botany

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Over the ages, human societies have altered local ecosystems and modified regional climates. Today, the human influence has attained a global scale. This reflects the recent rapid increase in population size, energy consumption, intensity of land use, international trade and travel, and other human activities. These global changes have heightened awareness that the long-term good health of populations depends on the continued stability and functioning of the biosphere's ecological, physical, and socioeconomic systems. The world's climate system is an integral part of the complex of life-suppor

Cataclysmes naturels --- Catastrophes climatiques --- Catastrophes naturelles --- Désastres naturels --- Natural calamities --- Natural disasters --- Natuurrampen --- Rampen [Natuur] --- Medical climatology. --- Climatologie médicale --- 540 Luchtverontreiniging --- Klimaatverandering --- Europese Unie --- Climatic changes. --- Climatology. --- Communicable diseases. --- Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric. --- Natural disasters. --- Risk assessment. --- World health. --- Climatic changes --- Medical climatology --- Risk --- Epidemiologic Measurements --- Environment --- Risk Management --- Light --- Sunlight --- Public Health --- Climatic Processes --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Probability --- Weather --- Environment and Public Health --- Radiation, Nonionizing --- Optical Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Organization and Administration --- Atmosphere --- Statistics as Topic --- Meteorological Concepts --- Physical Phenomena --- Health Care --- Health Services Administration --- Biological Phenomena --- Radiation --- Phenomena and Processes --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Epidemiologic Methods --- Electromagnetic Phenomena --- Investigative Techniques --- Quality of Health Care --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Greenhouse Effect --- Climate --- Ultraviolet Rays --- Risk Assessment --- Climate Change --- Disease Transmission, Infectious --- Disasters --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medical Geography --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Health aspects --- Climate. --- Disease Transmission. --- Greenhouse Effect. --- Natural Disasters. --- Risk Assessment. --- Ultraviolet Rays. --- Health aspects. --- Climatologie médicale --- Quality of Care --- Quality of Healthcare --- Care Qualities --- Care Quality --- Health Care Quality --- Healthcare Quality --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Electrical Phenomena --- Electrical Phenomenon --- Electromagnetic Phenomenon --- Electromagnetics --- Electrical Concepts --- Electromagnetic Concepts --- Concept, Electrical --- Concept, Electromagnetic --- Concepts, Electrical --- Concepts, Electromagnetic --- Electrical Concept --- Electromagnetic Concept --- Electromagnetic Phenomenas --- Phenomena, Electrical --- Phenomena, Electromagnetic --- Phenomenon, Electrical --- Phenomenon, Electromagnetic --- Epidemiologic Method --- Epidemiological Methods --- Methods, Epidemiologic --- Epidemiological Method --- Method, Epidemiologic --- Method, Epidemiological --- Methods, Epidemiological --- Epidemiology --- Healthcare Evaluation Mechanisms --- Evaluation Mechanism, Healthcare --- Evaluation Mechanisms, Healthcare --- Healthcare Evaluation Mechanism --- Mechanism, Healthcare Evaluation --- Mechanisms, Healthcare Evaluation --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Biologic Phenomena --- Biological Phenomenon --- Biological Process --- Phenomena, Biological --- Biological Processes --- Phenomena, Biologic --- Phenomenon, Biological --- Process, Biological --- Processes, Biological --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Physical Phenomenon --- Physical Process --- Physical Concepts --- Physical Processes --- Concept, Physical --- Concepts, Physical --- Phenomena, Physical --- Phenomenon, Physical --- Physical Concept --- Process, Physical --- Processes, Physical --- Meteorologic Factors --- Meteorological Factors --- Concept, Meteorological --- Concepts, Meteorological --- Factor, Meteorologic --- Factor, Meteorological --- Factors, Meteorologic --- Factors, Meteorological --- Meteorologic Factor --- Meteorological Concept --- Meteorological Factor --- Area Analysis --- Correlation Studies --- Correlation Study --- Correlation of Data --- Data Analysis --- Estimation Technics --- Estimation Techniques --- Indirect Estimation Technics --- Indirect Estimation Techniques --- Multiple Classification Analysis --- Service Statistics --- Statistical Study --- Statistics, Service --- Tables and Charts as Topic --- Analyses, Area --- Analyses, Data --- Analyses, Multiple Classification --- Analysis, Area --- Analysis, Data --- Analysis, Multiple Classification --- Area Analyses --- Classification Analyses, Multiple --- Classification Analysis, Multiple --- Data Analyses --- Data Correlation --- Data Correlations --- Estimation Technic --- Estimation Technic, Indirect --- Estimation Technics, Indirect --- Estimation Technique --- Estimation Technique, Indirect --- Estimation Techniques, Indirect --- Indirect Estimation Technic --- Indirect Estimation Technique --- Multiple Classification Analyses --- Statistical Studies --- Studies, Correlation --- Studies, Statistical --- Study, Correlation --- Study, Statistical --- Technic, Estimation --- Technic, Indirect Estimation --- Technics, Estimation --- Technics, Indirect Estimation --- Technique, Estimation --- Technique, Indirect Estimation --- Techniques, Estimation --- Techniques, Indirect Estimation --- Atmospheres --- Radiations --- Administration and Organization --- Administrative Technics --- Administrative Techniques --- Coordination, Administrative --- Logistics --- Supervision --- Technics, Administrative --- Techniques, Administrative --- Administration --- Administrative Coordination --- Administrative Technic --- Administrative Technique --- Technic, Administrative --- Technique, Administrative --- Ecological and Environmental Concepts --- Optical Phenomenon --- Optical Process --- Optical Concepts --- Optical Processes --- Concept, Optical --- Concepts, Optical --- Optical Concept --- Phenomena, Optical --- Phenomenon, Optical --- Process, Optical --- Processes, Optical --- Non-Ionizing Radiation --- Nonionizing Radiation --- Non Ionizing Radiation --- Non-Ionizing Radiations --- Nonionizing Radiations --- Radiation, Non-Ionizing --- Radiations, Non-Ionizing --- Radiations, Nonionizing --- Fog --- Fogs --- Probabilities --- Climatic Process --- Process, Climatic --- Processes, Climatic --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Sunshine --- Visible Radiation --- Light, Visible --- Photoradiation --- Radiation, Visible --- Photoradiations --- Radiations, Visible --- Visible Light --- Visible Radiations --- Hospital Incident Reportings --- Incident Reporting --- Incident Reportings, Hospital --- Management, Risks --- Reporting, Hospital Incident --- Reportings, Hospital Risk --- Voluntary Patient Safety Event Reporting --- Hospital Incident Reporting --- Incident Reporting, Hospital --- Hospital Risk Reporting --- Hospital Risk Reportings --- Incident Reportings --- Management, Risk --- Reporting, Hospital Risk --- Reporting, Incident --- Reportings, Hospital Incident --- Reportings, Incident --- Risk Reporting, Hospital --- Risk Reportings, Hospital --- Risks Management --- Environmental Impact --- Environmental Impacts --- Impact, Environmental --- Impacts, Environmental --- Environments --- Measurements, Epidemiologic --- Epidemiologic Measurement --- Measurement, Epidemiologic --- Relative Risk --- Relative Risks --- Risk, Relative --- Risks --- Risks, Relative --- Climatology, Medical --- Medical meteorology --- Meteorology, Medical --- Natural Disaster --- Natural Disasters --- Disaster --- Disaster, Natural --- Disasters, Natural --- Autochthonous Transmission --- Communicable Disease Transmission --- Horizontal Transmission of Infection --- Horizontal Transmission of Infectious Disease --- Infection Transmission --- Infection Transmission, Horizontal --- Infectious Disease Transmission --- Infectious Disease Transmission, Horizontal --- Pathogen Transmission --- Pathogen Transmission, Horizontal --- Transmission of Infectious Disease --- Transmission, Infectious Disease --- Autochthonous Transmissions --- Disease Transmission, Communicable --- Infection Horizontal Transmission --- Transmission, Autochthonous --- Transmission, Communicable Disease --- Transmission, Infection --- Transmission, Pathogen --- Transmissions, Autochthonous --- Disease --- Change, Climate --- Changes, Climate --- Climate Changes --- Heatlh Risk Assessment --- Risks and Benefits --- Assessment, Risk --- Benefit-Risk Assessment --- Risk-Benefit Assessment --- Assessment, Benefit-Risk --- Assessment, Heatlh Risk --- Assessment, Risk-Benefit --- Assessments, Benefit-Risk --- Assessments, Heatlh Risk --- Assessments, Risk --- Assessments, Risk-Benefit --- Benefit Risk Assessment --- Benefit-Risk Assessments --- Benefits and Risks --- Heatlh Risk Assessments --- Risk Assessment, Heatlh --- Risk Assessments --- Risk Assessments, Heatlh --- Risk Benefit Assessment --- Risk-Benefit Assessments --- Black Light, Ultraviolet --- UV Light --- Ultra-Violet Rays --- Ultraviolet Light --- Actinic Rays --- Actinic Ray --- Black Lights, Ultraviolet --- Light, UV --- Light, Ultraviolet --- Ray, Actinic --- Ray, Ultra-Violet --- Ray, Ultraviolet --- Rays, Actinic --- Rays, Ultra-Violet --- Rays, Ultraviolet --- Ultra Violet Rays --- Ultra-Violet Ray --- Ultraviolet Black Light --- Ultraviolet Black Lights --- Ultraviolet Ray --- Climates --- Effect, Greenhouse --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- methods --- Environmental aspects --- organization & administration --- transmission --- Pharmacy Audit --- Audit, Pharmacy --- Pharmacy Audits --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Dose Hypofractionation --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Photobiology --- Truth Disclosure --- Environmental Health --- Risk Reduction Behavior --- Harm Reduction --- Bioclimatology --- Medicine --- Human beings --- Medical geography --- Chernobyl Nuclear Accident --- Fomites --- Health Risk Assessment --- Assessment, Health Risk --- Assessments, Health Risk --- Health Risk Assessments --- Risk Assessment, Health --- Risk Assessments, Health --- UV Radiation --- Ultraviolet Radiation --- Radiation, UV --- Radiation, Ultraviolet --- Ultraviolet Radiations --- Greenhouse Gases --- Carbon Footprint --- Effect of climate on --- Radiation Dose Hypofractionation --- Greenhouses --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Incidence --- Close-Contact Infectious Disease Transmission --- Close-Contact Transmission --- Community Spread --- Community Transmission --- Droplet Transmission of Infectious Disease --- Droplet Transmission, Infectious Disease --- Infectious Disease Droplet Transmission --- Person-to-Person Transmission --- Close Contact Infectious Disease Transmission --- Close Contact Transmission --- Close-Contact Transmissions --- Community Transmissions --- Person to Person Transmission --- Transmission, Close-Contact --- Transmission, Person-to-Person --- Transmissions, Community --- Risk Analysis --- Analysis, Risk --- Risk Analyses --- Global environmental change --- Risk. --- Epidemiologic Measurements. --- Environment. --- Risk Management. --- Light. --- Sunlight. --- Public Health. --- Climatic Processes. --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena. --- Probability. --- Weather. --- Environment and Public Health. --- Radiation, Nonionizing. --- Optical Phenomena. --- Organization and Administration. --- Atmosphere. --- Statistics as Topic. --- Meteorological Concepts. --- Physical Phenomena. --- Delivery of Health Care. --- Health Services Administration. --- Biological Phenomena. --- Radiation. --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms. --- Epidemiologic Methods. --- Electromagnetic Phenomena. --- Investigative Techniques. --- Quality of Health Care. --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation. --- Climate Change. --- Disease Transmission, Infectious. --- Disasters.