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How do vertebrates get the oxygen they need, or even manage without it for shorter or longer periods of time? How do they sense oxygen, how do they take it up from water or air, and how do they transport it to their tissues? Respiratory system adaptations allow numerous vertebrates to thrive in extreme environments where oxygen availability is limited or where there is no oxygen at all. Written for students and researchers in comparative physiology, this authoritative summary of vertebrate respiratory physiology begins by exploring the fundamentals of oxygen sensing, uptake and transport in a textbook style. Subsequently, the reader is shown important examples of extreme respiratory performance, like diving and high altitude survival in mammals and birds, air breathing in fish, and those few vertebrates that can survive without any oxygen at all for several months, showing how evolution has solved the problem of life without oxygen.
Vertebrates --- Respiration --- Oxygen in the body. --- Respiration. --- Respiratory organs. --- Regulation. --- Vertebrata --- Chordata
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Anoxemia. --- Altitude, Influence of. --- Oxygen in the body. --- Body composition --- Anoxemia --- Acclimatization --- Atmospheric pressure --- Medical climatology --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Anoxia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Physiological effect
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This book reviews how severe oxygen deprivation affects biological systems - from the molecular to the ecological level. The contributing authors come from diverse regions of the world, which proves the interest in the academic analysis of oxygen deprivation. The diversity in the experimental approach scientists take, in order to understand the influence oxygen deprivation has on living systems, is apparent throughout this book. One of the presented ideas deals with the exploration and examination of the physiological, cellular and genetic characteristics of killifish embryos and nematodes exposed to anoxia. Furthermore, the book includes material on the mechanisms regulating hypoxia and anoxia tolerance and their implications of on human health issues. Finally, new methodologies to examine oxygen deprivation and the impact of human-related activities on oxygen level, within important ecological systems such as Lake Victoria, are presented. There is no doubt that the oxygen molecule is central to every stratum of biological systems.
Anoxemia. --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Anoxia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Physiological effect --- Biogeography
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The molecular deprivation of oxygen is manifested by hypoxia, a deficiency of oxygen and anoxia, or the absence of oxygen supply to the tissues. This book entitled Hypoxia and Anoxia will cover a broad range of understanding on hypoxia and anoxia from molecular mechanisms to pathophysiology. Hypoxia and anoxia stimulate multiple systems through specific cell signal transduction pathways and regulate several transcriptional factors like HIF-1, REST to encode genes for VEGF, Epo, etc. This book will also highlight different types of hypoxia and anoxia along with their impact on apoptosis, cardiovascular pathophysiology, and glucose regulatory mechanisms. This book will be a ready reckoner to give a deep understanding of the oxygen-sensing environment in vivo for researchers, academicians, and clinicians throughout the world.
Anoxemia. --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Anoxia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Physiological effect --- Medicine --- Pathology --- Pathophysiology --- Health Sciences
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Anoxemia. --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Anoxia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Physiological effect
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This volume addresses oxidant-reduction or redox and antioxidant sensitive molecular mechanisms and how they are implicated in different disease processes. Possible strategies to pharmacologically and/or nutritionally manipulate such redox-sensitive molecular responses are emphasized.Key Features:* Reactive species as intracellular messengers* Redox regulation of cellular responses* Clinical implications of redox signaling and antioxidant therapy
Active oxygen in the body. --- Active oxygen --- Antioxidants --- Cellular signal transduction. --- Genetic regulation. --- Pathophysiology. --- Physiological effect. --- Gene expression --- Gene expression regulation --- Gene regulation --- Biosynthesis --- Cellular control mechanisms --- Molecular genetics --- Cellular information transduction --- Information transduction, Cellular --- Signal transduction, Cellular --- Bioenergetics --- Information theory in biology --- Chemical inhibitors --- Oxygen in the body --- Regulation
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Anoxemia. --- Mountain sickness. --- Genomics. --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Molecular genetics --- Altitude, Influence of --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Anoxia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Research --- Physiological effect --- Anoxèmia
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Anoxemia --- Anoxia --- Periodicals. --- Hypoxia. --- Anoxemia. --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Deficiency, Oxygen --- Oxygen Deficiency --- Deficiencies, Oxygen --- Oxygen Deficiencies --- Oxygen --- deficiency --- hypoxia --- signaling --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Hemoglobin --- Respiration --- Oxygen in the body --- Altitude Sickness --- Atmospheric Pressure --- Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain --- Physiological effect --- Human medicine
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The latest in a series of books from the International Hypoxia Symposia, this volume spans reviews on key topics in hypoxia, and abstracts from poster and oral presentations. The biannual International Hypoxia Symposia are dedicated to hosting the best basic scientific and clinical minds to focus on the integrative and translational biology of hypoxia. Long before ‘translational medicine’ was a catchphrase, the founders of the International Hypoxia Symposia brought together basic scientists, clinicians and physiologists to live, eat, ski, innovate and collaborate in the Canadian Rockies. This collection of reviews and abstracts is divided into six sections, each covering new and important work relevant to a broad range of researchers interested in how humans adjust to hypoxia, whether on the top of Mt. Everest or in the pulmonary or cardiology clinic at low altitude. The sections include: Epigenetic Variations in Hypoxia High Altitude Adaptation Hypoxia and Sleep Hypoxia and the Brain Molecular Oxygen Sensing Physiological Responses to Hypoxia Dr. Robert Roach is the Director of the Altitude Research Center at the University of Colorado. He specializes in the study of physiological adaptations by humans to high altitude, with a recent emphasis on the genomic responses to allow humans to thrive in hypoxia. Dr. Peter Wagner is a Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Bioengineering at the University of California, San Diego. His research addresses the theoretical and experimental basis of oxygen transport and its limitations in the lungs and skeletal muscles in health and disease. Dr. Peter Hackett is a world-renowned high altitude expert and altitude research pioneer. He is a leading authority on altitude illness, high altitude climbing, wilderness medicine, and the effects of altitude on people living and working in the mountains.
Pneumology. --- Anoxemia. --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Anoxia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Physiological effect --- Human physiology. --- Immunology. --- Neurosciences. --- Human Physiology. --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Human biology --- Physiology --- Human body --- Respiratory organs—Diseases. --- Respiratory organs --- Diseases. --- Respiratory diseases
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The scientific field of intermittent hypoxia and its effects on living organisms is surrounded by divergent and controversial findings. Does the condition play pathogenic roles in disease states, such as sleep apnea, chronic pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease and cancer? Or does exposure to intermittent hypoxia actually induce protective responses? Dealing with these long-standing controversies and new concepts, Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases provides an open forum for the most up-to-date scientific understanding of both adaptive (beneficial) and maladaptive (detrimental) responses to intermittent hypoxia and their potential pathogenic and prophylactic roles in the development and progression of major human diseases. The Editors and their extremely experienced contributors have assembled this highly disease-oriented book and all the fundamental research findings are selectively presented as mechanistic explanations of a particular human disease. It is therefore especially prepared for the interests of clinicians, allied healthcare professionals, athletic trainers, and translational medical researchers.
Anoxia. --- Cardiology. --- Hypoxia. --- Medicine. --- Pathology. --- Anoxemia --- Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory --- Signs and Symptoms --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases --- Anoxia --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Internal Medicine --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Anoxemia. --- Anoxaemia --- Anoxhemia --- Hypoxemia --- Hypoxia (Hematology) --- Oxygen deficiency in the blood --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Altitude, Influence of --- Asphyxia --- Oxygen --- Oxygen in the body --- Physiological effect --- Disease (Pathology) --- Medical sciences --- Medicine, Preventive --- Heart --- Internal medicine
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