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Cotton trade --- Cotton manufacture --- History

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"This book discusses how new technology led to economic transformation and the rapid expansion of slavery in the lower Mississippi valley after 1800"--

Agricultural innovations. --- Cotton manufacture --- Cotton growing. --- History.

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Le « roi coton » joue sans conteste un rôle majeur lors de la première Révolution industrielle. Et dans le Nord de la France, nombreux ont été ceux qui, un siècle et demi durant, ont entrepris de filer, de tisser ou d'imprimer des toiles. Dans ce territoire frontalier de longue tradition textile, le travail de la fibre se greffe là où régnaient en maîtres la laine et le lin. Partant d’une analyse fine de l’attente des consommateurs, Mohamed Kasdi montre comment cette activité s’immisce très tôt dans le travail manufacturier, tant à la ville qu’à la campagne. Produits innovants, changements technologiques, prise de risques financiers, conquête des marchés : dans une économie régionale qui, au fil du xviiie siècle, s’essouffle progressivement, le coton impulse une dynamique renouvelée. Quand surviennent les bouleversements révolutionnaires, ni le dérèglement des circuits commerciaux ni les incertitudes du lendemain ne constituent des freins. Au contraire : nombreux sont ceux qui, fort possessionnés ou gens de peu, prennent des initiatives permettant toutes, à des échelles diverses, de moderniser l’appareil productif. L’Empire, quant à lui, confirme ce qui était en gestation tout en passant au tamis de la conjoncture le bon grain et l’ivraie. Dès lors, seuls, ou presque, survivent ceux qui disposent d’assises solides. Au cours des premières décennies du xixe siècle, méca­nisation et concentration de la main-d’œuvre achèvent la mue du secteur. De grandes dynasties du négoce régional font alors du coton le fer de lance de leur prospérité, modifiant durablement la carte productive : sortant de l’ombre portée de Lille, Roubaix et Tourcoing prennent leur essor en faisant du coton un produit phare.

Cotton trade --- Cotton manufacture --- History --- Cotton mills --- Textile industry --- Histoire économique et sociale --- XVIIIe s.-1830, 1701-1830 --- Coton --- Exploitation économique --- Commerce --- France septentrionale --- coton --- industrialisation --- entrepreneur

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In the 1970's, textile workers joined forces with a small band of grassroots activists and organizers and challenged the most powerful industrial interest in the heart of Dixie-the cotton textile manufacturers. They located disabled workers and organized them, employing the full range of interest- group tactics, and they creatively engaged in legislative, administrative, and judicial lobbying as well as protest actions-with remarkable success. Robert E. Botsch recounts the history of the Brown Lung Association and details the interaction of the major participants in the rise-and ultimately the...

Textile workers --- Cotton dust --- Byssinosis --- Cotton manufacture --- Textile industry --- Employees --- Dust --- Brown lung --- Lungs --- Cotton mills --- Health and hygiene --- Health aspects --- Social aspects --- Dust diseases --- Diseases --- Brown Lung Association --- Carolina Brown Lung Association --- History.

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Cotton fiber is the most important natural fiber used in the textile industry. The physical structure and chemical compositions of cotton fibers have been extensively studied. Newer high speed spinning instruments are being deployed around the world that demand longer, stronger and finer fibers. Consequently, genetic improvement in fiber quality has been stressed. With improvement in fiber quality has come the realization that further fiber improvement will require a better understanding of fiber development and biology. As a consequence, cotton fiber developmental biology, genetics and genomics have become focal points in the cotton research community. As the longest single-celled plant hair, cotton fiber has been used as an experiment model to study trichome initiation and elongation in plants. This book provides a comprehensive update on cotton fiber physics, chemistry and biology that form the three sections of the book. In the physics section, the physical structure of cotton fiber is first illustrated in great detail. Then a suite of fiber properties and their measuring methods are described. The pros and cons of each method are outlined. New methods to measure physical properties of single fiber and young developing fibers are included. In the chemistry section, the chemical compositions of cotton fibers are described in detail. This knowledge is necessary for efficient modification of cotton fibers for better and broader utilization. The advancement in cotton fiber modification using chemical and enzymatic methods opened new ways to utilize cotton fibers. In the biology section, the book first introduces the utilization of naturally occurring color cottons. Color cottons possess unique attributes such as better fire retardant ability. Advancement in understanding fiber color genetics and biochemical pathways and new utilization of color cottons are discussed. Recent technological advancements in molecular biology and genomics have enabled us to study fiber development in great depth. Many genes and quantitative trait loci related to fiber quality attributes have been identified and genetically mapped. Some of these genes and QTLs are being used in breeding. Progresses in cotton fiber improvement using breeding and biotechnology are discussed in the last chapter. This book serves as a reference for researchers, students, processors, and regulators who either conduct research in cotton fiber improvement or utilize cotton fibers.

Cotton textiles. --- Textiles, Cotton --- Cotton --- Cotton manufacture --- Botany. --- Biomaterials. --- Textile industry. --- Plant Sciences. --- Textile Engineering. --- Textile industry and fabrics --- Textiles industry --- Manufacturing industries --- Biocompatible materials --- Biomaterials --- Medical materials --- Medicine --- Biomedical engineering --- Materials --- Biocompatibility --- Prosthesis --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Plant science. --- Bioartificial materials --- Hemocompatible materials --- Floristic botany --- Biomaterials (Biomedical materials)