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This textbook provides a self-contained introduction to numerical methods in probability with a focus on applications to finance. Topics covered include the Monte Carlo simulation (including simulation of random variables, variance reduction, quasi-Monte Carlo simulation, and more recent developments such as the multilevel paradigm), stochastic optimization and approximation, discretization schemes of stochastic differential equations, as well as optimal quantization methods. The author further presents detailed applications to numerical aspects of pricing and hedging of financial derivatives, risk measures (such as value-at-risk and conditional value-at-risk), implicitation of parameters, and calibration. Aimed at graduate students and advanced undergraduate students, this book contains useful examples and over 150 exercises, making it suitable for self-study.

Mathematics. --- Economics, Mathematical. --- Probabilities. --- Statistics. --- Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes. --- Quantitative Finance. --- Statistics for Business/Economics/Mathematical Finance/Insurance. --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Economics --- Mathematical economics --- Math --- Science --- Methodology --- Distribution (Probability theory. --- Finance. --- Statistics for Business, Management, Economics, Finance, Insurance. --- Funding --- Funds --- Currency question --- Distribution functions --- Frequency distribution --- Characteristic functions --- Probabilities --- Economics, Mathematical . --- Statistics .

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Angiogenesis is a multi-stage process that drives the generation of new blood and lymphatic vessels from pre-existing ones. It is highly active during embryogenesis, largely inactive during adulthood but reactivated during wound healing and under a number of pathological conditions including cancer and ocular diseases. In addition to endothelial cells, which line the walls of the vessels, several other cell types (pericytes, macrophages, progenitor cells,…) also contribute to angiogenesis. A number of signaling pathways are activated and very finely tune the delicate morphogenetic events that ultimately lead to the formation of stable bloodproof neovessels. This book reviews recent advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of angiogenesis, with a focus on how to integrate these observations into the context of developmental, post-natal and pathological neovascularization. The book was published under the auspices of the French Angiogenesis Society. Most contributors are prominent members of this Society or international researchers who have actively contributed to the Annual Meetings of the Society.

Neovascularization inhibitors --- Cancer --- Neovascularization. --- Therapeutic use. --- Research. --- Angiogenesis --- Blood-vessels --- Cancer research --- Angiogenesis inhibitors --- Tumor angiogenesis inhibitors --- Antineoplastic agents --- Growth --- Medicine. --- Oncology  . --- Oncology. --- Angiography. --- Cardiology. --- Ophthalmology. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Angiology. --- Medicine --- Eye --- Heart --- Internal medicine --- Diagnosis, Radioscopic --- Radiography, Medical --- Tumors --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Diseases --- Radiography --- Health Workforce --- Molecular biology. --- Cancer research. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology