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Over the years there has been growing interest among the scientific community in investigating sleep and how it affects the memory and other brain functions. It is now well established that sleep helps in memory consolidation and induction of neural plasticity, and that short-term deprivation of either total sleep or rapid eye movement sleep alone can induce memory deficits very quickly. Quantitative and qualitative changes in sleep architecture after different training tasks further suggest that discrete memory types may require specific sleep stage/s for optimal memory consolidation, and studies indicate that sleep deprivation alters synaptic plasticity and membrane excitability in the hippocampal neurons and synaptic up-scaling in the cortical neurons. Further, sleep alteration during pregnancy may increase the risk of depression and adversely affect maternal-child relationships, parenting practices, family functioning, and children's development and general wellbeing. This book coherently discusses all these aspects, with a particular focus on the possible role of sleep in memory consolidation and synaptic plasticity. It also highlights the detrimental effects of sleep loss on mental health, the immune system and cognition. This book is a valuable reference resource for students and researchers working in the area of sleep, memory, or neuronal plasticity.
Human physiology. --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Neurobiology. --- Cell membranes . --- Cell physiology. --- Neuropsychology. --- Human Physiology. --- Membrane Biology. --- Cell Physiology. --- Neurophysiology --- Psychophysiology --- Cell function --- Cytology --- Cell surfaces --- Cytoplasmic membranes --- Plasma membranes --- Plasmalemma --- Membranes (Biology) --- Glycocalyces --- Neurosciences
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This book discusses the evolution of sleep and its possible function in the higher invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. It describes the current concept of sleep and its functions, based on research on the mammalian system. To date, electrophysiological recordings of the brain waves, muscle activity, and eye movements are the only tools available for characterizing the sleep architecture in the majority of animals. In mammals and birds, only two distinct types of sleep are found – non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Since the discovery of REM sleep, studies have been performed to understand the purpose of the two distinct sleep states in higher vertebrates (birds and mammals), and how REM sleep was evolved. The book summarizes the role of both REM and NREM sleep in the proper functioning of the brain and body. It covers various aspects of the role of sleep in important physiological processes, including memory consolidation, induction of synaptic plasticity, energy restoration, enhancing immune response, and maturation of neuronal circuitries during early life. Lastly, the book reviews the effects of chronic/acute sleep deprivation on memory consolidation, obesity, and the immune system in animal models and humans.
Neurosciences. --- Neurology . --- Evolutionary biology. --- Behavioral sciences. --- Neurology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Behavioral Sciences. --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Medicine --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Diseases --- Sleep. --- Sleeping --- Slumber --- Health --- Psychophysiology --- Rest --- Sleep-wake cycle --- Subconsciousness --- Dreams --- Hypnagogia
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