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Precision Nanometrology describes the new field of precision nanometrology, which plays an important part in nanoscale manufacturing of semiconductors, optical elements, precision parts and similar items. It pays particular attention to the measurement of surface forms of precision workpieces and to stage motions of precision machines. The first half of the book is dedicated to the description of optical sensors for the measurement of angle and displacement, which are fundamental quantities for precision nanometrology. The second half presents a number of scanning-type measuring systems for surface forms and stage motions. The systems discussed include: • error separation algorithms and systems for measurement of straightness and roundness, • the measurement of micro-aspherics, • systems based on scanning probe microscopy, and • scanning image-sensor systems. Precision Nanometrology presents the fundamental and practical technologies of precision nanometrology with a helpful selection of algorithms, instruments and experimental data. It will be beneficial for researchers, engineers and postgraduate students involved in precision engineering, nanotechnology and manufacturing. The Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing publishes the best teaching and reference material to support students, educators and practitioners in manufacturing technology and management. This international series includes advanced textbooks, research monographs, edited works and conference proceedings covering all subjects in advanced manufacturing. The series focuses on new topics of interest, new treatments of more traditional areas and coverage of the applications of information and communication technology (ICT) in manufacturing.

Engineering. --- Nanostructured materials -- Measurement. --- Nanostructured materials. --- Nanomanufacturing --- Nanostructured materials --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Measurement --- Nanoscience. --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement. --- Nanotechnology. --- Control engineering. --- Robotics. --- Mechatronics. --- Manufacturing industries. --- Machines. --- Tools. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- Control, Robotics, Mechatronics. --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Hand tools --- Handtools --- Hardware --- Implements, utensils, etc. --- Machinery --- Machines --- Manufactures --- Power (Mechanics) --- Technology --- Mechanical engineering --- Motors --- Power transmission --- Industries --- Microelectronics --- Microelectromechanical systems --- Automation --- Machine theory --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Programmable controllers --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Physics --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Curious devices --- Science --- Manufactures. --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes. --- Manufactured goods --- Manufactured products --- Products --- Products, Manufactured --- Commercial products --- Manufacturing industries --- Measurement   .

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This book introduces key modulation and predistortion techniques for approaching energy and spectrum-efficient transmission for wireless communication systems. The book presents a combination of theoretical principles, practical implementations, and actual tests. It focuses on spectrum-efficient modulation and energy-efficient transmission techniques in the portable wireless communication systems, and introduces currently developed and designed RF transceivers in the latest wireless markets. Most materials, design examples, and design strategies used are based on the author’s two decades of work in the digital communication fields, especially in the areas of the digital modulations, demodulations, digital signal processing, and linearization of power amplifiers. The applications of these practical products and equipment cover the satellite communications on earth station systems, microwave communication systems, 2G GSM and 3G WCDMA mobile communication systems, and 802.11 WLAN systems.

Fluid mechanics --- Spectrometric and optical chemical analysis --- Telecommunication technology --- Mass communications --- Computer. Automation --- beeldverwerking --- spraaktechnologie --- tekstverwerking --- telecommunicatie --- communicatietechnologie --- versterkers --- signaalverwerking --- spectrometrie --- Electrical engineering. --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Microwaves. --- Optical engineering. --- Communications Engineering, Networks. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering. --- Mechanical engineering --- Hertzian waves --- Electric waves --- Electromagnetic waves --- Geomagnetic micropulsations --- Radio waves --- Shortwave radio --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Electric engineering --- Engineering

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The aim of this handbook is to provide a comprehensive summary of sensing and measurement in precision manufacturing, which is essential for process and quality control. The importance of precision sensing and measurements lies not only in the ability to distinguish whether the manufactured part meets the assigned tolerances through inspection but also, in many cases, reduce the deviation of the manufactured part from the designed values through improvement of the process or compensation manufacturing based on the sensing and measurement results. The information provided in the book will be of interest to industrial practitioners and researchers in the field of precision manufacturing sensing and measurements. This volume is part of a handbook series that covers a comprehensive range of scientific and technological matters in ‘Precision Manufacturing’.

Manufactures. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement   . --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Thin films. --- Nanotechnology. --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering.

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Numerous studies report that ultraviolet (UV) radiation is harmful to living organisms and detrimental to human health. Growing concerns regarding the increased levels of UV-B radiation that reach the earth's surface have led to the development of ground- and space-based measurement programs. Further study is needed on the measurement, modeling, and effects of UV radiation. The chapters of this book describe the research conducted across the globe over the past three decades in the areas of: (1) current and predicted levels of UV radiation and its associated impact on ecosystems and human health, as well as economic and social implications; (2) new developments in UV instrumentation, advances in calibration (ground- and satellite-based), measurement methods, modeling efforts, and their applications; and (3) the effects of global climate change on UV radiation. Dr. Wei Gao is a Senior Research Scientist and the Director of the USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University. Dr. Gao is a SPIE fellow and serves as the Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Applied Remote Sensing. Dr. Daniel L. Schmoldt is the National Program Leader for instrumentation and sensors at the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dr. Schmoldt served as joint Editor-in-Chief of the journal, Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, from 1997 to 2004. Dr. James R. Slusser retired in 2007 from the USDA UV-B Monitoring and Research Program at Colorado State University. He was active in the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, the American Geophysical Union, and the American Meteorological Society. Dr. Slusser is currently pursuing his interests in solar energy and atmospheric transmission.

Ultraviolet radiation. --- Climatic changes. --- Black light --- Light, Black --- Light, Ultraviolet --- Rays, Ultraviolet --- U-V light --- U-V radiation --- U-V rays --- Ultra-violet radiation --- Ultra-violet rays --- Ultraviolet light --- Ultraviolet rays --- UV light --- UV radiation --- UV rays --- Environment. --- Climatology. --- Climate change. --- Climate Change. --- Environmental Monitoring/Analysis. --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Radiation --- Environmental aspects --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Climate --- Climate science --- Climate sciences --- Science of climate --- Atmospheric science --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Global environmental change