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Book
Philosophy of complex systems
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ISBN: 9780444520760 0444520767 9786613127600 1283127601 0080931227 Year: 2011 Volume: 10 Publisher: Oxford Waltham North Holland

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Abstract

The domain of nonlinear dynamical systems and its mathematical underpinnings has been developing exponentially for a century, the last 35 years seeing an outpouring of new ideas and applications and a concomitant confluence with ideas of complex systems and their applications from irreversible thermodynamics. A few examples are in meteorology, ecological dynamics, and social and economic dynamics. These new ideas have profound implications for our understanding and practice in domains involving complexity, predictability and determinism, equilibrium, control, planning, individuality, responsib

Investigations in modal and tense logics with applications to problems in philosophy and linguistics
Author:
ISBN: 9027706565 9401014558 9401014531 9789027706560 Year: 1976 Volume: 92 Publisher: Dordrecht Reidel


Book
Reactive Kripke semantics
Author:
ISSN: 16112482 ISBN: 3642413889 3642413897 Year: 2013 Publisher: Heidelberg [Germany] : Springer,

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This text offers an extension to the traditional Kripke semantics for non-classical logics by adding the notion of reactivity. Reactive Kripke models change their accessibility relation as we progress in the evaluation process of formulas in the model. This feature makes the reactive Kripke semantics strictly stronger and more applicable than the traditional one. Here we investigate the properties and axiomatisations of this new and most effective semantics, and we offer a wide landscape of applications of the idea of reactivity. Applied topics include reactive automata, reactive grammars, reactive products, reactive deontic logic and reactive preferential structures. Reactive Kripke semantics is the next step in the evolution of possible world semantics for non-classical logics, and this book, written by one of the leading authorities in the field, is essential reading for graduate students and researchers in applied logic, and it offers many research opportunities for PhD students.


Book
Approaches to legal rationality
Author:
ISBN: 904819587X 9786612995682 1282995685 9048195888 Year: 2010 Publisher: Dordrecht : Springer,

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Legal theory, political sciences, sociology, philosophy, logic, artificial intelligence: there are many approaches to legal argumentation. Each of them provides specific insights into highly complex phenomena. Different disciplines, but also different traditions in disciplines (e.g. analytical and continental traditions in philosophy) find here a rare occasion to meet. The present book contains contributions, both historical and thematic, from leading researchers in several of the most important approaches to legal rationality. One of the main issues is the relation between logic and law: the way logic is actually used in law, but also the way logic can make law explicit. An outstanding group of philosophers, logicians and jurists try to meet this issue. The book is more than a collection of papers. However different their respective conceptual tools may be, the authors share a common conception: legal argumentation is a specific argumentation context.

Keywords

Argumentation. --- Language and logic -- Congresses. --- Law -- Methodology -- Congresses. --- Logic -- Congresses. --- Law --- Philosophy & Religion --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Philosophy --- Methodology --- Sociological jurisprudence. --- Rationalism. --- Philosophy. --- Law. --- Political science. --- Logic. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Theories of Law, Philosophy of Law, Legal History. --- History of Philosophy. --- Political Science. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Jurisprudence --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Religion --- Belief and doubt --- Deism --- Free thought --- Realism --- Law and society --- Society and law --- Sociology of law --- Sociology --- Law and the social sciences --- Philosophy (General). --- Artificial Intelligence. --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Law—Philosophy. --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Legislation --- History. --- Legal history --- History and criticism

Handbook of the logic of argument and inference : the turn towards the practical
Author:
ISBN: 128178141X 9786611781415 0080532918 0444506500 Year: 2002 Publisher: Amsterdam ; Boston : North Holland/Elsevier,

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The Handbook of the Logic of Argument and Inference is an authoritative reference work in a single volume, designed for the attention of senior undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in all the leading research areas concerned with the logic of practical argument and inference. After an introductory chapter, the role of standard logics is surveyed in two chapters. These chapters can serve as a mini-course for interested readers, in deductive and inductive logic, or as a refresher. Then follow two chapters of criticism; one the internal critique and the other the emp


Book
Topics in the philosophy of language
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9027716056 9027715424 9027716048 9027716064 9401088012 9400952031 9401070210 9400911718 9400962614 9400962592 9400970684 9400970668 9789027715425 9789027716040 9789027716057 9789027716064 Year: 1989 Volume: 164,165,166, 167 Publisher: Dordrecht Kluwer


Book
Handbook of philosophical logic.
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1402063237 9786611044855 1281044857 1402063245 Year: 2007 Publisher: Dordrecht : Springer,

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theywereextensivelydiscussedbyallauthorsina3-dayHandbookmeeting. These are: • a chapter on non-monotonic logic • a chapter on combinatory logic and ?-calculus We felt at the time (1979) that non-monotonic logic was not ready for a chapter yet and that combinatory logic and ?-calculus was too far re- 1 moved. Non-monotonic logic is now a very major area of philosop- cal logic, alongside default logics, labelled deductive systems, ?bring l- ics, multi-dimensional, multimodal and substructural logics. Intensive - examinations of fragments of classical logic have produced fresh insights, including at time decision procedures and equivalence with non-classical systems. Perhaps the most impressive achievement of philosophical logic as arising inthepastdecadehasbeenthee?ectivenegotiationofresearchpartnerships with fallacy theory, informal logic and argumentation theory, attested to by the Amsterdam Conference in Logic and Argumentation in 1995, and the two Bonn Conferences in Practical Reasoning in 1996 and 1997. These subjects are becoming more and more useful in agent theory and intelligent and reactive databases. Finally, ?fteen years after the start of the Handbook project, I would like to take this opportunity to put forward my current views about logic in computer science, computational linguistics and arti?cial intelligence. In the early 1980s the perception of the role of logic in computer science was that of a speci?cation and reasoning tool and that of a basis for possibly neat computer languages. The computer scientist was manipulating data structures and the use of logic was one of his options.


Book
Handbook of philosophical logic.
Authors: ---
ISBN: 940070478X 9786613086136 9400704798 1283086131 9789400704787 Year: 2011 Publisher: Dordrecht : Sprinter,

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This book is indispensable to any advanced student or researcher using logic in these areas. The chapters are comprehensive and written by major figures in the field. Topics include, Belief Revision, Refutation Systems in Propositional Logic, Quantifier Scope in Formal Linguistics and Non-deterministic Semantics for Logical Systems.


Book
Logical tools for handling change in agent-based systems
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3642261876 3642044069 9786612836084 3642044077 1282836080 Year: 2010 Publisher: Berlin : Springer,

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Agents act on the basis of their beliefs and these beliefs change as they interact with other agents. In this book the authors propose and explain general logical tools for handling change. These tools include preferential reasoning, theory revision, and reasoning in inheritance systems, and the authors use these tools to examine nonmonotonic logic, deontic logic, counterfactuals, modal logic, intuitionistic logic, and temporal logic. This book will be of benefit to researchers engaged with artificial intelligence, and in particular agents, multiagent systems and nonmonotonic logic.

Keywords

Intelligent agents (Computer software). --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Programming languages (Electronic computers). --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Information Technology --- Artificial Intelligence --- Intelligent agents (Computer software) --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Agents, Autonomous (Computer software) --- Agents, Cognitive (Computer software) --- Agents, Intelligent (Computer software) --- Assistants, Cognitive (Computer software) --- Assistants, Intelligent software --- Autonomous agents (Computer software) --- Cognitive agents (Computer software) --- Cognitive assistants (Computer software) --- IAs (Computer software) --- Intelligent agent software --- Intelligent software agents --- Intelligent software assistants --- Software agents (Computer software) --- Special agents (Computer software) --- Computer science. --- Logic. --- Computers. --- Mathematical logic. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Mathematics. --- Computer Science. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Mathematics, general. --- Theory of Computation. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Mathematical Logic and Foundations. --- Artificial intelligence --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Reasoning --- Computer programs --- Information theory. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Thought and thinking --- Informatics --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Math --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Methodology --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Calculators --- Cyberspace


Book
Conditionals and modularity in general logics
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3642190677 9786613365613 1283365618 3642190685 Year: 2011 Publisher: Berlin : Springer,

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This text centers around three main subjects. The first is the concept of modularity and independence in classical logic and nonmonotonic and other nonclassical logic, and the consequences on syntactic and semantical interpolation and language change. In particular, we will show the connection between interpolation for nonmonotonic logic and manipulation of an abstract notion of size. Modularity is essentially the ability to put partial results achieved independently together for a global result. The second aspect of the book is the authors' uniform picture of conditionals, including many-valued logics and structures on the language elements themselves and on the truth value set. The third topic explained by the authors is neighbourhood semantics, their connection to independence, and their common points and differences for various logics, e.g., for defaults and deontic logic, for the limit version of preferential logics, and for general approximation. The book will be of value to researchers and graduate students in logic and theoretical computer science.

Keywords

Conditionals (Logic) --- Modality (Logic) --- Philosophy --- Mathematics --- Philosophy & Religion --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Logic --- Mathematical Theory --- Modularity (Engineering) --- Software engineering. --- Computer software engineering --- Modular design --- Modularization --- Modularizing --- Computer science. --- Logic. --- Mathematical logic. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computer Science. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Mathematical Logic and Foundations. --- Engineering --- Engineering design --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Informatics --- Methodology

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