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RAND is conducting a longitudinal study that evaluates the effectiveness of voluntary summer learning programs in reducing summer learning loss, which contributes substantially to the achievement gap between low- and higher-income students. Based on evaluations of programs in six school districts, this second report in a series provides research-based advice for school district leaders as they create and strengthen summer programs.

Education, Urban --- Learning --- School management and organization --- Summer schools --- Learning process --- Comprehension --- Education --- Children with social disabilities

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For more than 30 years, arts education has been a low priority in the nation's public schools. During fiscal crises in the 1970's and 1980's in America's urban centers, arts teaching positions were cut. More recently, arts education in schools has dwindled as schools try to increase test scores in mathematics and reading within the time constraints of the school day. Some communities have responded with initiatives aimed at coordinating schools, cultural institutions, community-based organizations, foundations, and/or government agencies to promote access to arts learning for children in and out...

Housing development --- Development, Housing --- Residential development --- Residential subdivisions --- Housing --- Hurricane Katrina, 2005 --- Katrina, Hurricane, 2005 --- Hurricanes --- Real estate development --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Economic aspects. --- Social aspects --- Art --- Community and school --- Study and teaching