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Explaining how the self-regulatory system for US securities firms works, this book looks at the three elements of the system that help determine success or failure.

Securities industry --- Self-regulation. --- Stock exchanges --- Financial services industry --- Self-regulation --- Law and legislation --- E-books

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This paper canvasses the trends in self-regulation and the role of self-regulation in securities markets in different parts of the world. The paper also describes the conditions in which self-regulation might be an effective element of securities markets regulation, particularly in emerging markets. Use of self-regulation and self-regulatory organizations is often recommended in emerging markets as part of a broader strategy aimed at improving the effectiveness of securities regulation and market integrity. According to the International Organization of Securities Commissions, reliance on self-regulation is an optional feature of a regulatory regime. Self-regulatory organizations may support better-regulated and more efficient capital markets, but the value of self-regulation is again being questioned in many countries. Forces such as commercialization of exchanges, development of stronger statutory regulatory authorities, consolidation of financial services industry regulatory bodies, and globalization of capital markets are affecting the scope and effectiveness of self-regulation-and in particular the traditional role of securities exchanges as self-regulatory organizations. The paper reviews different models of self-regulation, including exchange self-regulatory organizations, member (or independent) self-regulatory organizations, and industry or dealers' associations. It draws on examples of self-regulatory organizations from many markets to illustrate the degree of reliance on self-regulation, as well as the range of functions for which self-regulatory organizations are responsible, in markets around the world. Issues that are important to the effective operation of self-regulatory organizations are discussed, such as corporate governance, managing conflicts of interest, and regulatory oversight by government authorities.

Debt Markets --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Markets and Market Access --- Public Sector Regulation --- Regulation --- Regulatory Regimes --- Securities markets --- Self-regulation

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Today's wine industry is characterized by regional differences not only in the wines themselves but also in the business models by which these wines are produced, marketed, and distributed. In Old World countries such as France, Spain, and Italy, small family vineyards and cooperative wineries abound. In New World regions like the United States and Australia, the industry is dominated by a handful of very large producers. This is the first book to trace the economic and historical forces that gave rise to very distinctive regional approaches to creating wine. James Simpson shows how the wine industry was transformed in the decades leading up to the First World War. Population growth, rising wages, and the railways all contributed to soaring European consumption even as many vineyards were decimated by the vine disease phylloxera. At the same time, new technologies led to a major shift in production away from Europe's traditional winemaking regions. Small family producers in Europe developed institutions such as regional appellations and cooperatives to protect their commercial interests as large integrated companies built new markets in America and elsewhere. Simpson examines how Old and New World producers employed diverging strategies to adapt to the changing global wine industry. Creating Wine includes chapters on Europe's cheap commodity wine industry; the markets for sherry, port, claret, and champagne; and the new wine industries in California, Australia, and Argentina.

Wine industry --- Wine and wine making --- Enology --- Oenology --- Vinification --- Wines --- Alcoholic beverages --- Grape products --- Fruit wines --- Viticulture --- Alcoholic beverage industry --- History --- E-books --- History. --- 1855 classification. --- American wine industry. --- American wine. --- Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty. --- Argentina. --- Argentinian wine industry. --- Australia. --- Australian commodity chain. --- Australian wine industry. --- Australian wine. --- Bordeaux. --- Britain. --- British ports. --- British wine market. --- CWA. --- California Wine Association. --- California. --- Californian wine. --- Douro valley. --- France. --- French wine. --- Gilbeys. --- Gironde. --- Jerez. --- Midi. --- New World producers. --- New World wine. --- Porto. --- Portugal. --- Spain. --- Victoria Wine Company. --- World War I. --- brand names. --- champagne houses. --- champagne producers. --- champagne. --- cheap ports. --- cheap wines. --- claret. --- commercial relations. --- dessert wines. --- distribution network. --- dry table wine. --- dry wines. --- economic agents. --- family businesses. --- family retailer. --- fine wines. --- fraud. --- grape growing. --- grape production. --- grapes. --- imitation wines. --- international wine trade. --- market organization. --- marketing costs. --- mass market. --- organizational change. --- phylloxera vastatrix. --- phylloxera. --- port wine. --- port. --- product quality. --- railways. --- regional appellation. --- regional appellations. --- regional cooperatives. --- scientific viticulture. --- self-regulation. --- sherry. --- small farmers. --- small growers. --- small-scale production. --- traditional wine producers. --- transportation. --- vineyards. --- viticulture. --- wine adulteration. --- wine boom. --- wine consumption. --- wine cooperatives. --- wine export. --- wine industry. --- wine making. --- wine market. --- wine marketing. --- wine prices. --- wine production. --- wine quality. --- wineries.