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Incrementar la productividad, mejorar la inclusión social y fortalecer las instituciones son prioridades de los países de América Latina y el Caribe, por lo que constituyen los tres pilares del Programa Regional para América Latina y el Caribe de la OCDE. La buena gobernanza y una cultura de la ...
Integrity. --- Reliability --- Honesty
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Una elección humana está en el núcleo de la integridad. Investigaciones sobre el comportamiento han revelado dos determinantes de la integridad: la dinámica interna de cómo los individuos toman decisiones morales y cómo estas decisiones son a su vez influenciadas y moldeadas por otras personas ...
Integrity. --- Reliability --- Honesty
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L'intégrité est cruciale pour renforcer la confiance dans les institutions marocaines. Le gouvernement du Maroc a élaboré une stratégie nationale de lutte contre la corruption à long terme et s'est engagé à promouvoir l'intégrité publique. Ce rapport examine l'état actuel du système d'intégrité du Maroc. En s'appuyant sur les meilleures ...
Integrity. --- Honesty --- Reliability
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The objective of this study is to identify the factors that need to be improved in the existing regulatory framework with respect to regulation of investments at the power distribution level. The study was initiated by the World Bank to inform the thinking of Public Services Regulatory Commission (PSRC) on further improvements that may be required in the process of preparation, review and approval of investments for power distribution company and some other incremental improvements in the regulatory framework for the power distribution. The primary aim of those improvements is to increase the efficiency of investments and clearly link those to the quality of electricity service for consumers. This link is currently not well-established, and the investment program submitted by the power distribution company does not clearly justify the relevant investments by the quantitative targets of electricity supply improvements. Additionally, there are some other inefficiencies in regulatory framework and end-user tariff structure. The study focuses exclusively on the investment planning, review, and approval issues related to power distribution company.
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Production management --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Quality control
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R&D activities and construction plans related to high power proton accelerators are being considered in various countries to promote basic and applied sciences. Both accelerator scientists and reactor physicists gathered at an NEA workshop to discuss the reliability of the accelerator; spallation target design characteristics; safety and operational characteristics of a sub-critical system driven by a spallation source; and test facilities. These proceedings contain all the technical papers presented at the workshop, as well as summaries of the discussions held during each technical session.
Proton accelerators --- Reliability --- Accelerators, Proton --- Particle accelerators --- Mexico
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With a view to assisting the evaluation of integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA) in regulatory decision-making within OECD Member Countries, this guidance document provides a set of principles for reporting defined approaches to testing and assessment that can be used as one of the components within IATA. Templates are also provided to enable a structured approach to their documentation in order to facilitate their evaluation. A defined approach to testing and assessment consists of a fixed data interpretation procedure (DIP) applied to data generated with a defined set of information sources to derive a result that can either be used on its own, or together with other information sources within an IATA, to satisfy a specific regulatory need. Thus, a defined approach to testing and assessment can be used to support the hazard identification, hazard characterisation and/or safety assessment of chemicals. This guidance is intended to be used alongside similar guidance aimed at harmonising the reporting of other IATA components such as QSARs, grouping and read-across strategies, and non-guideline in vitro methods.
Testing. --- Mechanical properties testing --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Grading --- Specifications --- Standardization
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This paper estimates the welfare impact of rural electrification in India using nationally representative household panel survey data for 2005 and 2012. Analysis based on a propensity-score-weighted fixed-effects model finds that while electrification is associated with a broad range of social and economic benefits, the size of the effects depends importantly on the reliability of electricity service. Gaining access to electricity combined with a reliable power supply is associated with a 17 percent increase in income during the sample period, but gaining access to electricity alone is associated with only a 9.6 percent increase in income. The net gain from both increasing the access rate and reducing power outages in rural India is estimated to be USD 11 billion a year. Moreover, India's rural electrification policy appears to be progressive because lower-income households benefit more from access to electricity than higher-income households during the sample period.
Distributional Impact --- Quantile Regression --- Reliability Of Electricity --- Rural Electrification
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Achieving universal access to electricity is one of the most important energy policy goals set by governments in the developing world. The recent empirical literature, however, paints a mixed picture about the economic viability of rural electrification. Although many studies find substantial socioeconomic benefits from rural electrification, others propose that these benefits are overstated. This paper examines the hypothesis that the magnitude and the nature of benefits associated with electrification are highly context dependent. Using a panel data of 7,018 rural households in Bangladesh for 2005 and 2010, the paper explores two underlying determinants of the heterogeneity: the quality of electricity supply and the number of years of being connected to the grid. The analysis uses an instrumental variable and propensity-score-weighed fixed-effects model to address potential endogeneity of electricity adoption. The analysis finds that power outages have a negative impact on almost all development outcomes considered, while some benefits of electrification accrue only over the long run. The overall gain from expanding access to and improving reliability of electricity supply in Bangladesh is estimated to be USD 2.3 billion a year.
Distributional Impact --- Heterogeneous Effects --- Reliability Of Electricity --- Rural Electrification
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About the Book: The text provided in this book contains basic reliability concept in detail and reliability of electronic equipment in particular. The knowledge of reliability essential for all engineers and professional working in the field, has been discussed at length with some practical problems. The causes of failures of electronic equipment/component with their remedial actions have been included in the text. the parameters which are responsible to enhance the system reliability are also the part of this book. Quality, an important parameter for practicing engineers and technologists
Production management --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Quality assurance. --- Quality control --- Reliability of equipment --- Systems reliability --- Engineering --- Maintainability (Engineering) --- Probabilities --- Systems engineering --- Plant performance --- Safety factor in engineering --- Structural failures --- Quality assurance
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