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Shipping --- Merchant marine --- Mercantile marine --- Marine service --- Marine shipping --- Marine transportation --- Maritime shipping --- Ocean --- Ocean traffic --- Ocean transportation --- Sea transportation --- Shipping industry --- Water transportation --- Communication and traffic --- Transportation --- Economic aspects --- E-books

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This book approaches the well-documented study of European mass migration to the United States of America from the viewpoint of mass migration as a business venture. The overall purpose is to demonstrate that maritime and migration histories are interlinked and dependent on a deeper understanding of the social, economic, and political factors at work in the nineteenth century Atlantic community. It centres on both the evolution of the port of Rotterdam as a migration gateway, and the crucial role of the Holland-America line as a regulator of the North American passenger trade. The first part of the book explores the simultaneous rise of transatlantic mass migration and long-distance steamshipping between 1830 to 1870. The second part, divided into five chapters, explores how mass migration became a big business between 1870 and 1914, and scrutinises how steamship companies organised and provided initiatives for transoceanic migration, plus the role of shipping agents and agent-networks, and how passenger services were constructed within transatlantic networks. Over the course of the text it becomes increasingly clear that by approaching mass migration as a trade issue, the role of steamship companies in the facilitation of transatlantic migration is rendered both intrinsic and pivotal. It consists of an introduction containing contextual information, two sections providing historical overviews, five chapters exploring different aspects of the shipping industry's response to mass migration, conclusion, bibliography, and six appendices of passenger, destination, agent, and advertising statistics.

migration [function] --- Demography --- Atlantic Ocean --- Europe --- Immigrants --- Steamboats --- Shipping companies (Marine transportation) --- History --- History. --- Emigration and immigration --- Economic aspects. --- World history --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Business enterprises --- Puffers (Steamboats) --- Steamships --- Boats and boating --- Ships --- Steam-navigation --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- stoomvaart

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While efficient ports are vital to the economic development of their surrounding areas, the related ship traffic, the handling of the goods in the ports and the hinterland distribution can cause a number of negative environmental impacts.   This book examines the environmental impacts of international maritime transport, and looks more in detail at the impacts stemming from near-port shipping activities, the handling of the goods in the ports and from the distribution of the goods to the surrounding regions. It focuses on five ports: Los Angeles and Long Beach, California, the United States; Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Port Metro Vancouver, Canada; and Busan, Korea.  The book provides examples of the environmental problems related to port activities (such as air pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases, water pollution, noise, spread of invasive species, etc.) and highlights a number of different policy instruments that can be used to limit the negative impacts. It is a valuable resource for policy makers and researchers alike. 

Transport --- Environment --- Harbors --- Shipping --- Environmental aspects. --- Marine shipping --- Marine transportation --- Maritime shipping --- Ocean --- Ocean traffic --- Ocean transportation --- Sea transportation --- Shipping industry --- Water transportation --- Harbours --- Ports --- Seaports --- Economic aspects --- Communication and traffic --- Marine service --- Transportation --- Merchant marine --- Channels (Hydraulic engineering) --- Hydraulic structures --- Terminals (Transportation) --- Anchorages (Harbors)

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Merchant marine --- Shipping --- Shipping conferences --- Conference lines --- Shipping combines --- Shipping trusts --- Monopolies --- Ocean travel --- Steamboat lines --- Transportation --- Trusts, Industrial --- Marine shipping --- Marine transportation --- Maritime shipping --- Ocean --- Ocean traffic --- Ocean transportation --- Sea transportation --- Shipping industry --- Water transportation --- Communication and traffic --- Marine service --- Mercantile marine --- Rates --- Economic aspects --- E-books

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Shipping --- Harbors --- Marine shipping --- Marine transportation --- Maritime shipping --- Ocean --- Ocean traffic --- Ocean transportation --- Sea transportation --- Shipping industry --- Water transportation --- Communication and traffic --- Marine service --- Transportation --- Merchant marine --- Anchorages (Harbors) --- Harbours --- Ports --- Seaports --- Channels (Hydraulic engineering) --- Hydraulic structures --- Terminals (Transportation) --- Economic aspects --- E-books