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Africa supplies the majority of the world's diamonds, yet consumers generally know little about the origins and history of these precious stones beyond sensationalized media accounts of so-called blood diamonds. Stones of Contention explores the major developments in the remarkable history of Africa's diamonds, from the earliest stirrings of international interest in the continent's mineral wealth in the first millennium A.D. to the present day. In the European colonial period, the discovery of diamonds in South Africa ushered in an era of unprecedented greed during which monopolistic enterp

Diamond mines and mining --- Diamond industry and trade --- Mines and mineral resources --- Jewelry trade --- Nonmetallic minerals industry --- History. --- Social aspects --- Economic aspects --- History --- E-books

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How does Manhattan's 47th Street diamond district thrive as an ethnic marketplace without lawyers, courts, and state coercion? Barak Richman draws on insider interviews to show why relational exchange based on familiarity, trust, and community enforcement succeeds and what it reveals about the modern state's limitations in governing the economy.

Exchange --- Statelessness. --- Diamond industry and trade --- Consensual contracts --- Gentlemen's agreements --- Contracts --- Jewelry trade --- Nonmetallic minerals industry --- Commerce --- Economic anthropology --- Economics --- Supply and demand --- Statelessness --- Citizenship --- Public law --- Expatriation --- Social aspects --- Law and legislation

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Diamonds in the Rough explores the lives of African laborers on Angola's diamond mines from the commencement of operations in 1917 to the colony's independence from Portugal in 1975. The mines were owned and operated by the Diamond Company of Angola, or Diamang, which enjoyed exclusive mining and labor concessions granted by the colonial government. Through these monopolies, the company became the most profitable enterprise in Portugal's African empire. After a tumultuous initial period, the company's mines and mining encampments experienced a remarkable degree of stability, in striking contr

Diamond industry and trade --- Diamond mines and mining --- Diamond miners --- Mineurs de diamants --- Diamants --- Colonisation --- Travail forcé --- Social conditions. --- Histoire --- Mines et extraction --- E-books --- Social conditions --- Miners --- Mines and mineral resources --- Jewelry trade --- Nonmetallic minerals industry --- Histoire. --- Diamantenbergbau. --- Diamond industry and trade. --- Diamond mines and mining. --- Gisements --- Conditions sociales --- Companhia de Diamantes de Angola. --- Angola. --- Portugal.

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The paper uses a detailed household survey to document precautionary wealth accumulation in Afghanistan, with wealth being significantly higher for households facing higher income uncertainty. Annual household expenditure on nondurable goods is also lower for these households. There is no significant difference in the wealth response to income uncertainty across high- and low-conflict provinces. However, the constituents of precautionary wealth vary drastically. While households in the low-conflict regions rely almost exclusively on livestock to iron out uncertainty, households in the high-conflict areas also build up a reserve of gold and silver. This shift in household portfolio suggests a more substantial decline in real returns of livestock relative to jewelry in high-conflict provinces.

Conflict --- Conflict and Development --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- ICT Economics --- Jewelry --- Livestock --- Livestock and Animal Husbandry --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Mining and Extractive Industry(Non-Energy) --- Poverty Reduction --- Precautionary Wealth --- Primary Metals --- Uncertainty --- Urban Governance and Management --- Urban Housing --- Urban Housing and Land Settlements

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This study assesses the sustainability of Botswana’s diamond-related fiscal revenue. Diamond reserves are not adequate to generate enough permanent revenue to sustain a high level of expenditure. Under the current fiscal rule that no debt may be accumulated, Botswana will have to save more to avoid an abrupt adjustment in the medium term.

Fiscal policy --- Diamond industry and trade --- Jewelry trade --- Nonmetallic minerals industry --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Government policy --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Fiscal Policy --- Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth --- Environmental Accounts --- Public finance & taxation --- Expenditure --- Personal income --- Fiscal rules --- Fiscal consolidation --- GDP measurement --- Expenditures, Public --- Income --- National income --- Botswana