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Face à d'autres nations puisant leur légitimité dans le tourbillon des siècles, la Belgique apparaît comme un Etat jeune. Incarnation de l'Europe et de ses divisions, elle est née dans le tourbillon d'une révolution aux accents romantiques, elle a connu les poussées séparatistes et les sursauts belgicains et fut le principal champ de bataille des deux guerres mondiales.

History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- Belgium --- Belgique --- History --- Histoire --- BE / Belgium - België - Belgique --- 92 --- Geschiedenis. --- België --- Geschiedenis --- Belgium. --- History. --- Histoire. --- 92 Geschiedenis. --- 92 Histoire. --- 92 History. --- História --- ιστορία --- storja --- histori --- historie --- historia --- história --- история --- stair --- geschiedenis --- történettudomány --- povijest --- zgodovina --- history --- историја --- Geschichtswissenschaft --- storia --- istorija --- ajalugu --- vēsture --- istorie --- Geschichte --- historiografie --- storiografia --- dějiny národů --- historiador --- dějepis --- historická věda --- történelem --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- histoire

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From the publisher. Throughout history, migrants have fueled the engine of human progress. Their movement has sparked innovation, spread ideas, relieved poverty, and laid the foundations for a global economy. In a world more interconnected than ever before, the number of people with the means and motivation to migrate will only increase. Exceptional People looks at the profound advantages that such dynamics will have for countries and migrants the world over. Challenging the received wisdom that a dramatic growth in migration is undesirable, the book proposes new approaches for governance that will embrace this international mobility. The authors explore the critical role of human migration since humans first departed Africa some fifty thousand years ago -- how the circulation of ideas and technologies has benefited communities and how the movement of people across oceans and continents has fueled economies. They show that migrants in today's world connect markets, fill labor gaps, and enrich social diversity. Migration also allows individuals to escape destitution, human rights abuses, and repressive regimes. However, the authors indicate that most current migration policies are based on misconceptions and fears about migration's long-term contributions and social dynamics. Future policies, for good or ill, will dramatically determine whether societies can effectively reap migration's opportunities while managing the risks of the twenty-first century. A guide to vigorous debate.

Migration. Refugees --- 312.0 --- Volksverhuizingen. Kolonisatie: algemeenheden. --- Emigration and immigration --- BPB1108 --- AA / International- internationaal --- Émigration --- Histoire --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Volksverhuizingen. Kolonisatie: algemeenheden --- Emigratie --- Geschiedenis --- Immigratie --- Emigration and immigration. --- imigrace --- доселување --- είσοδος μεταναστών --- immigrazione --- imigracja --- imigrācija --- inmigración --- bevándorlás --- imigracion --- inimirce --- imigracija --- Einwanderung --- immigration --- imigrácia --- immigratie --- imigração --- immigrazzjoni --- useljavanje --- имиграция --- priseljevanje --- maahanmuutto --- imigrație --- усељавање --- immigratsioon --- имиграција --- invandring --- přistěhovalectví --- įeivystė --- indvandring --- sisseränne --- immigráció --- História --- ιστορία --- storja --- histori --- historie --- historia --- história --- история --- stair --- geschiedenis --- történettudomány --- povijest --- zgodovina --- history --- историја --- Geschichtswissenschaft --- storia --- istorija --- ajalugu --- vēsture --- istorie --- Geschichte --- historiografie --- storiografia --- dějiny národů --- historiador --- dějepis --- historická věda --- történelem --- izseljevanje --- emigratsioon --- kivándorlás --- Auswanderung --- emigracion --- emigracja --- emigracija --- emigratie --- emigração --- emigration --- emigrazione --- emigrace --- iseljavanje --- αποδημία --- emigrație --- emigrazzjoni --- исељавање --- maastamuutto --- emigrācija --- емиграция --- emigración --- emigrácia --- eisimirce --- иселување --- Emigration --- vystěhovalectví --- väljaränne --- иселување од земјата --- emigrazione registrata --- esilio --- emigráció --- esodo --- emigrálás --- udvandring --- residentes no estrangeiro --- espatrio --- utvandring --- diritto di emigrazione --- емиграција --- išeivystė --- Émigration

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Schuman, Robert, --- European Union. --- Europe --- Economic integration. --- Intégration économique --- Union européenne --- Histoire de l'Europe --- Histoire contemporaine --- Biographie --- Schuman, Robert --- BPB1207 --- #KVHA:Politiek; Europa --- #KVHA:Geschiedenis; Europa --- #KVHA:Schuman, Robert --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 08 --- 92 --- 334.150.0 --- Europese unie --- Geschiedenis van Europa --- Hedendaagse geschiedenis --- Biografie --- Biografieën en memoires. --- Geschiedenis. --- Institutionele aspecten EG: algemeenheden. --- Histoire. --- History. --- 92 Geschiedenis. --- 92 Histoire. --- 92 History. --- Intégration économique --- European federation --- History --- 1945-1970 --- elulookirjeldus --- bijografija --- biography --- elämäkerta --- biografia --- biografija --- biografía --- βιογραφία --- biografie --- životopis --- življenjepis --- биография --- биографија --- életrajz --- biogrāfija --- biografi --- autobiografi --- önéletrajz --- autobiography --- gyvenimo aprašymas --- autobiografija --- autobiografía --- semblanza --- biografický slovník --- autobiografie --- autobiogrāfija --- автобиографија --- omaelämäkerta --- självbiografi --- biográfia --- biograafia --- autobiografia --- önéletírás --- selvbiografi --- αυτοβιογραφία --- Autobiografie --- memoárová literatura --- autobiographie --- autobiograafia --- contemporary history --- suvremena povijest --- historia contemporánea --- samtidshistoria --- sodobna zgodovina --- Geschichte der Gegenwart --- istorie contemporană --- storia contemporanea --- hedendaagse geschiedenis --- soudobá historie --- nykyhistoria --- súčasné dejiny --- lähiajalugu --- šiuolaikinė istorija --- História Contemporânea --- samtidshistorie --- legújabb kori történelem --- σύγχρονη ιστορία --- histori bashkëkohore --- storja kontemporanja --- съвременна история --- jauno laiku vēsture --- historia współczesna --- современа историја --- савремена историја --- tegenwoordige tijd --- età contemporanea --- gegenwärtige Epoche --- современа епоха --- историја на новата ера --- nutidshistoria --- historie současnosti --- nykyaika --- σύγχρονη εποχή --- nutidshistorie --- современа ера --- Gegenwartsgeschichte --- σύγχρονα χρόνια --- nutid --- nieuwste geschiedenis --- epoka bashkëkohore --- jelenkor --- Idade Contemporânea --- актуелна историја --- âge contemporain --- contemporary era --- suvremena era --- Edad Contemporánea --- nüüdisaeg --- současná historie --- samtid --- époque contemporaine --- šiuolaikinė era --- Europese Unie --- Europska unija --- União Europeia --- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση --- Európska únia --- Európai Unió --- Europäische Union --- Europos Sąjunga --- Evropská unie --- Европска унија --- Unjoni Ewropea --- Европейски съюз --- Europeiska unionen --- European Union --- Euroopan unioni --- Eiropas Savienība --- Unión Europea --- Evropska unija --- Unia Europejska --- Unione europea --- Uniunea Europeană --- Den Europæiske Union --- Европска Унија --- Euroopa Liit --- an tAontas Eorpach --- Bashkimi Europian --- Sąjungos institucija --- Sąjungos teisė --- právo Únie --- νόμος της Ένωσης --- Savienības tiesības --- wet van de Unie --- legge dell'Unione --- Europæisk Union --- unionslagstiftning --- atto dell'Unione --- AE --- loi de l'Union --- EU --- e drejta e Bashkimit --- ЕУ --- lege a Uniunii Europene --- Union law --- az európai építmény története --- history of Europe --- historia Europy --- geschiedenis van Europa --- dějiny evropského integračního procesu --- storia dell'Europa --- ιστορία της Ευρώπης --- EF's historie --- историја на Европа --- storja tal-Ewropa --- dejiny Európy --- Eiropas vēsture --- Geschichte des europäischen Einigungswerks --- istoria Europei --- historia de Europa --- zgodovina Evrope --- история на европейското обединение --- EG:s historia --- povijest europskih integracija --- história da Europa --- Europos istorija --- histori e Europës --- историја Европе --- Euroopa ajalugu --- Euroopan historia --- Schuman-planen --- Eiropas Kopienu vēsture --- dejiny EU --- Schumani plaan --- plan Schuman --- histoire des CE --- Declaração Schuman --- Geschichte der EG --- history of the European Communities --- déclaration Schuman --- Schuman-erklæringen --- Declaración Schuman --- povijest EZ-a --- Šumano deklaracija --- Schumanova deklarácia --- Schumanverklaring --- geschiedenis van de EG --- Plano Schuman --- Schuman plan --- plani Shuman --- az Európai Közösségek története --- Schuman-Plan --- Schuman Declaration --- História da CE --- Schuman-terv --- Európa története --- Schuman-Erklärung --- Europos Bendrijų istorija --- Šūmaņa plāns --- povijest EU-a --- ιστορία των ΕΚ --- Σχέδιο Schuman --- piano Schuman --- историја на европските интеграции --- Schumanin suunnitelma --- Schumani deklaratsioon --- Шуманов план --- dějiny Evropských společenství --- declarația schuman --- az EK története --- Schumanplan --- historia de la CE --- storia delle Comunità europee --- istoria comunității europeene --- Schumanov plán --- historia europea --- Euroopan yhteisöjen historia --- histori e Komuniteteve Europiane --- az EU története --- dějiny Evropské unie --- Schumanov plan --- Euroopa ühenduste ajalugu --- историја на ЕУ --- planul schuman --- Šūmaņa deklarācija --- historia de la UE --- Schuman-nyilatkozat --- Schumanova deklaracija --- dichiarazione Schuman --- Schumanova deklarace --- Schumanův plán --- Deklarata e Shumanit --- Διακήρυξη Schuman --- Schumanin julistus --- Šumano planas --- Biografieën en memoires --- Geschiedenis --- Institutionele aspecten EG: algemeenheden --- beathaisnéis --- stair chomhaimseartha --- stair na hEorpa --- Schuman, Robert, - 1886-1963 --- Union européenne --- Schuman, Robert (1886-1963) --- Unité

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Placés devant des choix difficiles, les Européens de la première décennie du XXIe siècle s’interrogent, de l’est à l’ouest de l’Europe, sur la profonde nature d’un lien de communauté qui n’est pas toujours si évident, et sur un débat dont la plupart des termes leur échappent. De Varsovie à Lisbonne et de Palerme à Édimbourg, des hommes et des femmes se demandent quel est l’avenir d’une Europe en pleine mutation. Cet essai sur la genèse et la perception de l’Union voudrait apporter quelques réponses en plongeant dans l’histoire d’une idée de l’Europe au XXe siècle. L’auteur se penche sur les représentations géographiques et économiques chez les Européens, mais aussi chez les observateurs plus lointains. C’est l’idée même de l’Europe qui émerge de ce livre, à travers de multiples analyses de textes, de documents, de témoignages. Cette reprise en poche s’impose au moment où la construction européenne semble en panne, tandis que la France s’apprête, en juin 2008, à prendre la direction de l’Union.

European Union --- History --- European Union countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Politics and government --- Histoire --- Politique et gouvernement --- European cooperation --- Coopération européenne --- Europe --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 203 --- 334.150.0 --- 92 --- Sociografie. Algemene beschrijving van de gemeenschappen (Sociologie). --- Institutionele aspecten EG: algemeenheden. --- Geschiedenis. --- BPB0905 --- Histoire de l'Europe --- Histoire contemporaine --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- Geschiedenis van Europa --- Hedendaagse geschiedenis --- Histoire. --- History. --- 92 Geschiedenis. --- 92 Histoire. --- 92 History. --- Coopération européenne --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- 980.05 =6 --- 32 <8=6> --- Geschiedenis van Latijns-Amerika:--1950 -heden --- Politiek. Staatskunde. Staatswetenschappen --(algemeen)--Latijns Amerika --- BPB0707Geschiedenis van Latijns-Amerika:--1950 -heden --- 32 <8=6> Politiek. Staatskunde. Staatswetenschappen --(algemeen)--Latijns Amerika --- 980.05 =6 Geschiedenis van Latijns-Amerika:--1950 -heden --- 33 --- BPB0707 --- 33 Economie. Economische wetenschappen. Staatshuishoudkunde --(algemeen) --- Economie. Economische wetenschappen. Staatshuishoudkunde --(algemeen) --- Latin America --- Amérique latine --- Social conditions --- Conditions sociales --- 21st century --- 20th century --- 33 Economics. Economic science --- Economics. Economic science --- Sociografie. Algemene beschrijving van de gemeenschappen (Sociologie) --- Institutionele aspecten EG: algemeenheden --- Geschiedenis --- contemporary history --- suvremena povijest --- historia contemporánea --- samtidshistoria --- sodobna zgodovina --- Geschichte der Gegenwart --- istorie contemporană --- storia contemporanea --- hedendaagse geschiedenis --- soudobá historie --- nykyhistoria --- súčasné dejiny --- lähiajalugu --- šiuolaikinė istorija --- História Contemporânea --- samtidshistorie --- legújabb kori történelem --- σύγχρονη ιστορία --- histori bashkëkohore --- storja kontemporanja --- съвременна история --- jauno laiku vēsture --- historia współczesna --- современа историја --- савремена историја --- tegenwoordige tijd --- età contemporanea --- gegenwärtige Epoche --- современа епоха --- историја на новата ера --- nutidshistoria --- historie současnosti --- nykyaika --- σύγχρονη εποχή --- nutidshistorie --- современа ера --- Gegenwartsgeschichte --- σύγχρονα χρόνια --- nutid --- nieuwste geschiedenis --- epoka bashkëkohore --- jelenkor --- Idade Contemporânea --- актуелна историја --- âge contemporain --- contemporary era --- suvremena era --- Edad Contemporánea --- nüüdisaeg --- současná historie --- samtid --- époque contemporaine --- šiuolaikinė era --- az európai építmény története --- history of Europe --- historia Europy --- geschiedenis van Europa --- dějiny evropského integračního procesu --- storia dell'Europa --- ιστορία της Ευρώπης --- EF's historie --- историја на Европа --- storja tal-Ewropa --- dejiny Európy --- Eiropas vēsture --- Geschichte des europäischen Einigungswerks --- istoria Europei --- historia de Europa --- zgodovina Evrope --- история на европейското обединение --- EG:s historia --- povijest europskih integracija --- história da Europa --- Europos istorija --- histori e Europës --- историја Европе --- Euroopa ajalugu --- Euroopan historia --- Schuman-planen --- Eiropas Kopienu vēsture --- dejiny EU --- Schumani plaan --- plan Schuman --- histoire des CE --- Declaração Schuman --- Geschichte der EG --- history of the European Communities --- déclaration Schuman --- Schuman-erklæringen --- Declaración Schuman --- povijest EZ-a --- Šumano deklaracija --- Schumanova deklarácia --- Schumanverklaring --- geschiedenis van de EG --- Plano Schuman --- Schuman plan --- plani Shuman --- az Európai Közösségek története --- Schuman-Plan --- Schuman Declaration --- História da CE --- Schuman-terv --- Európa története --- Schuman-Erklärung --- Europos Bendrijų istorija --- Šūmaņa plāns --- povijest EU-a --- ιστορία των ΕΚ --- Σχέδιο Schuman --- piano Schuman --- историја на европските интеграции --- Schumanin suunnitelma --- Schumani deklaratsioon --- Шуманов план --- dějiny Evropských společenství --- declarația schuman --- az EK története --- Schumanplan --- historia de la CE --- storia delle Comunità europee --- istoria comunității europeene --- Schumanov plán --- historia europea --- Euroopan yhteisöjen historia --- histori e Komuniteteve Europiane --- az EU története --- dějiny Evropské unie --- Schumanov plan --- Euroopa ühenduste ajalugu --- историја на ЕУ --- planul schuman --- Šūmaņa deklarācija --- historia de la UE --- Schuman-nyilatkozat --- Schumanova deklaracija --- dichiarazione Schuman --- Schumanova deklarace --- Schumanův plán --- Deklarata e Shumanit --- Διακήρυξη Schuman --- Schumanin julistus --- Šumano planas --- stair chomhaimseartha --- stair na hEorpa --- Identité collective --- Idées politiques --- Amérique latine --- 1980-.... --- Conditions économiques --- 1982-....

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"Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world. Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling--mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues--have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future. An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent--and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon." -- Publisher's description

BPB1706 --- Equality --- Violence --- Inégalité sociale --- Histoire --- Sociologie --- sociale ongelijkheid --- History. --- Geweld --- Sociale ongelijkheid --- Geschiedenis --- 301.17 --- 331.14 --- 339.21 --- History --- Geschiedenis van de prijzen, de lonen en de verdeling van de rijkdom --- Ongelijkheid en herverdeling van vermogens en inkomens. Inkomensbeleid --- World history --- sociología --- socjologia --- sosiologia --- sociologi --- κοινωνιολογία --- sotsioloogia --- soċjoloġija --- социологија --- социология --- sociologija --- szociológia --- sociológia --- socioloģija --- sociology --- sociologia --- sociologie --- sociologji --- Soziologie --- gender studies --- Entwicklungssoziologie --- sociobiologie --- sociológia politického života --- História --- ιστορία --- storja --- histori --- historie --- historia --- história --- история --- stair --- geschiedenis --- történettudomány --- povijest --- zgodovina --- history --- историја --- Geschichtswissenschaft --- storia --- istorija --- ajalugu --- vēsture --- istorie --- Geschichte --- historiografie --- storiografia --- dějiny národů --- historiador --- dějepis --- historická věda --- történelem --- desigualdade social --- друштвена неједнакост --- inechitate socială --- social inequality --- sociálna nerovnosť --- pabarazi shoqërore --- desigualdad social --- društvena nejednakost --- socialna neenakost --- nierówność społeczna --- sociala skillnader --- social ulighed --- socialinė nelygybė --- yhteiskunnallinen eriarvoisuus --- disuguaglianza sociale --- inugwaljanza soċjali --- soziale Ungleichheit --- општествена нееднаквост --- sotsiaalne ebavõrdsus --- sociālā nevienlīdzība --- sociální nerovnost --- κοινωνική ανισότητα --- társadalmi egyenlőtlenség --- социално неравенство --- општествена хиерархија --- disparità sociale --- geweld --- βία --- vardarbība --- violență --- насилие --- násilie --- násilí --- väkivalta --- smurtas --- vjolenza --- violenza --- erőszak --- violência --- насилство --- przemoc --- vold --- nasilje --- violencia --- Gewalt --- насиље --- vägivald --- våld --- dhunë --- violence --- smurtavimas --- agresivita --- физичко насилство --- агресивност --- violenza fisica --- violenza morale --- socheolaíocht --- éagothromaíocht shóisialta --- foréigean --- Inégalité sociale