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While the role of metaphor in economics and business has produced multiple research articles, no comprehensive book-length study has yet appeared. The present book is a timely attempt to fill this gap, giving a global coverage of the role of metaphor in business and economics. It spans time (from Classical Greece to the current business network meeting-room), space (from Europe through the Americas to Asia), cultures and languages (from continental European languages, Brazilian Portuguese to Chinese). The theoretical grounding of the book is the Conceptual Theory of Metaphor taken in a dynamic sense as evolving with on-going research. The theory is thus used, adapted and refined in accordance with the evidence provided. Metaphor is shown to be theory constitutive in the elaboration of economic thinking down through the ages while, at the same time, the emphasis on evidence open to historical, cross-cultural and cross-linguistic considerations align with the current notion of situatedness. The book is a rich source of information for researchers and students in the fields of Metaphor Studies, Economics, Discourse Analysis, and Communication Studies, among others.
Metaphor. --- Figures of speech. --- Economics --- Business --- Interdisciplinary approach to knowledge. --- Language. --- Trade --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- English language --- Imagery --- Speech, Figures of --- Tropes --- Parabole --- Figures of speech --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Methodology --- Science and the humanities --- Management --- Commerce --- Industrial management --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Rhetoric --- Symbolism --- Reification --- Metaphor --- Interdisciplinary approach to knowledge --- Language --- E-books --- Lenguajes Profesionales: Inglés Económico-Empresarial (70483123) --- Bibliografía recomendada --- Applied Linguistics. --- Cognitive Linguistics. --- Metaphor and Economics.
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Hedging is an essential part of everyday communication. It is a discourse strategy which is used to reduce commitment to the force or truth of an utterance to achieve an appropriate pragmatic effect. In recent years hedges have therefore attracted increased attention in Pragmatics and Applied Linguistics, with studies approaching the concept of hedging from various perspectives, such as speech act - and politeness theory, genre-specific investigations, interactional pragmatics, and studies of vague language. The present volume provides an up-to-date overview of current research on the topic by bringing together studies from a variety of fields. The contributions span a range of different languages, investigate the use of hedges in different communicative settings and text types, and consider all levels of linguistic analysis from prosody to morphology, syntax and semantics. What unites the different studies in this volume is a corpus-based approach, in which various theoretical concepts and categories are applied to, and tested against, actual language data. This allows for patterns of use to be uncovered which have previously gone unnoticed and provides valuable insights for the adjustment and fine-tuning of existing categories. The usage-based approach of the investigations therefore offers new theoretical and descriptive perspectives on the context-dependent nature and multifunctionality of hedges.
Hedge (Linguistics) --- Euphemism --- Pragmatics --- Euphemism. --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmalinguistics --- Hedging (Linguistics) --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Figures of speech --- Semantics --- Linguistics --- Philosophy --- E-books --- Hedge (Linguistics) - Congresses --- Euphemism - Congresses --- Pragmatics - Congresses
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094 <084.0> --- 655.246 --- 76.048 --- Alphabets --- Printers' ornaments --- -Type ornaments --- -Type and type-founding --- -Ornamental alphabets --- Alphabet --- Decoration and ornament --- Penmanship --- Sign painting --- Illumination of books and manuscripts --- Initials --- Lettering --- Monograms --- 76.048 Lijngrafiek. Ornamentgrafiek --- Lijngrafiek. Ornamentgrafiek --- Fonts (Printing) --- Founts (Printing) --- Metal types --- Type faces --- Typefaces --- Founding --- Printing --- Typesetting --- Fleurons --- Book ornamentation --- Type and type-founding --- Type ornaments --- 094 <084.0> Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--Drukkerspraktijken, 'press figures' --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora--Drukkerspraktijken, 'press figures' --- Versierde letters. Initialen. Vignetten. Tekstornamenten. Fleurons--in de drukkunst --- Specimens --- Ornamental alphabets --- Book history --- Graphic arts --- Alphabets. --- Scripts (Alphabets)
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The rationalist approach to strategizing emphasizes analytical and convergent thinking. Without denying the importance of this approach, this book argues that strategists must learn to complement it with a more creative approach to strategizing that emphasizes synthetic and divergent ways of thinking. The theoretical underpinnings of this approach include embodied realism, interpretivism, practice theory, theory of play, design thinking, as well as discursive approaches such as metaphorical analysis, narrative analysis, dialogical analysis and hermeneutics. The book includes in-depth discussions of these theories and shows how they can be put into practice by presenting detailed analyses of embodied metaphors built by groups of agents with step-by-step explanations of how this process can be implemented and facilitated. The link between theory and practice is further supported by the inclusion of several vignettes that describe how this approach has been successfully employed in a number of organizations, including BASF and UNICEF.
Strategic planning --- Metaphor --- Creative thinking --- Organizational behavior --- Behavior in organizations --- Management --- Organization --- Psychology, Industrial --- Social psychology --- Creative thinking (Education) --- Creative ability --- Thought and thinking --- Parabole --- Figures of speech --- Reification --- Goal setting (Strategic planning) --- Planning, Strategic --- Strategic intent (Strategic planning) --- Strategic management --- Planning --- Business planning --- Social aspects --- E-books --- Strategic planning. --- Creative thinking. --- Organizational behavior. --- Social aspects. --- Business policy --- Business, Economy and Management --- Business Management
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This paper considers the effects of a gender-targeted conditional cash transfer program for girls in classes 6 to 8. It finds that the program is successful in increasing the enrollment of girls in classes 6 to 8 as intended. It also finds evidence to suggest that the program generated positive spillover effects on the enrollment of boys. This success does, however, appear to be poised to come at a cost. The student-teacher ratio in treated districts is also climbing. This suggests that in the absence of active steps to address these increasing student-teacher ratios, instructional quality is likely to suffer. The success of the program appears to be driven by enrollment increases in urban schools. This suggests the need for a reassessment of the targeting criteria in rural schools.
Attendance requirement --- Education --- Education For All --- Education Reform and Management --- Education Sector --- Enrollment --- Enrollment figures --- Enrollment of girls --- Female enrollment --- Female students --- Gender disparity --- Girls --- Literacy --- Primary Education --- Primary school --- Primary schools --- Rural areas --- Rural schools --- Schooling --- Schools --- Student teacher ratio --- Student-teacher ratios --- Teachers --- Teaching --- Teaching and Learning --- Tertiary Education
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From the Jaws of Victory: The Triumph and Tragedy of Cesar Chavez and the Farm Worker Movement is the most comprehensive history ever written on the meteoric rise and precipitous decline of the United Farm Workers, the most successful farm labor union in United States history. Based on little-known sources and one-of-a-kind oral histories with many veterans of the farm worker movement, this book revises much of what we know about the UFW. Matt Garcia's gripping account of the expansion of the union's grape boycott reveals how the boycott, which UFW leader Cesar Chavez initially resisted, became the defining feature of the movement and drove the growers to sign labor contracts in 1970. Garcia vividly relates how, as the union expanded and the boycott spread across the United States, Canada, and Europe, Chavez found it more difficult to organize workers and fend off rival unions. Ultimately, the union was a victim of its own success and Chavez's growing instability.From the Jaws of Victory delves deeply into Chavez's attitudes and beliefs, and how they changed over time. Garcia also presents in-depth studies of other leaders in the UFW, including Gilbert Padilla, Marshall Ganz, Dolores Huerta, and Jerry Cohen. He introduces figures such as the co-coordinator of the boycott, Jerry Brown; the undisputed leader of the international boycott, Elaine Elinson; and Harry Kubo, the Japanese American farmer who led a successful campaign against the UFW in the mid-1970s.
Chavez, Cesar. --- Labor leaders - United States. --- Migrant agricultural laborers - Labor unions - United States - History. --- United Farm Workers - History. --- Labor leaders --- Migrant agricultural laborers --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Labor unions --- History --- History. --- Chavez, Cesar, --- United Farm Workers --- Agricultural migrants --- Migrant agricultural workers --- Migrant farm workers --- Migrants --- Chavez, Cesar Estrada, --- UFW --- Agricultural laborers --- Migrant labor --- United Farm Workers Organizing Committee --- United Farm Workers of America --- Labor unions&delete& --- E-books --- United Farmworkers --- Unión de Trabajadores Campesinos --- 1970s. --- america. --- biographical. --- canada. --- cesar chavez. --- cultural history. --- elaine elinson. --- europe. --- famous figures. --- farm laborers. --- farm worker movement. --- grape boycott. --- harry kubo. --- historians. --- historical figures. --- jerry brown. --- labor contracts. --- labor history. --- labor organizations. --- labor unions. --- modern history. --- nonfiction. --- oral histories. --- political history. --- regional history. --- retrospective. --- revolutionaries. --- social history. --- social movements. --- united farm workers. --- united states history.
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The Political Spirituality of Cesar Chavez: Crossing Religious Borders maps and challenges many of the mythologies that surround the late iconic labor leader. Focusing on Chavez's own writings, León argues that La Causa can be fruitfully understood as a quasi-religious movement based on Chavez's charismatic leadership, which he modeled after Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi. Chavez recognized that spiritual prophecy, or political spirituality, was the key to disrupting centuries-old dehumanizing narratives that conflated religion with race. Chavez's body became emblematic for Chicano identity and enfleshed a living revolution. While there is much debate and truth-seeking around how he is remembered, through investigating the leader's construction of his own public memory, the author probes the meaning of the discrepancies. By refocusing Chavez's life and beliefs into three broad movements-mythology, prophecy, and religion-León brings us a moral and spiritual agent to match the political leader.
RELIGION / Christianity / Catholic. --- Chavez, Cesar, --- Chavez, Cesar Estrada, --- Political and social views. --- Religion. --- E-books --- 20th century american figures. --- american civil rights. --- american labor leader. --- catholicism. --- cesar chavez. --- christianity. --- civil rights movement. --- civil rights protest. --- civil rights. --- faith. --- gandhi. --- government and governing. --- latino american civil rights activist. --- leftist politics. --- martin luther king jr. --- mythologies. --- national farm workers association. --- nfwa. --- political. --- politics and religion. --- religion in the united states. --- religion. --- revolutionaries. --- roman catholic social teachings. --- spiritual. --- ufw. --- united farm workers. --- workers union.
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Economic forecasting --- International economic relations --- Prévision économique --- Relations économiques internationales --- Europe --- Economic conditions --- Conditions économiques --- 307.30 --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- JP / Japan - Japon --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- Economic history --- -Economic history --- -330.94 --- History, Economic --- Economics --- Monetaire, financiële en bankstatistiek: algemeenheden. --- Statistics --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- -307.30 --- -Economic forecasting --- Prévision économique --- Relations économiques internationales --- Conditions économiques --- Western Economies - Outlook - 20th-21st Century - Figures. --- Europe [Western ] --- 1945 --- 330.94 --- Monetaire, financiële en bankstatistiek: algemeenheden
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Written as a cultural weapon and a call to arms, Howl touched a raw nerve in Cold War America and has been controversial from the day it was first read aloud nearly fifty years ago. This first full critical and historical study of Howl brilliantly elucidates the nexus of politics and literature in which it was written and gives striking new portraits of Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, and William Burroughs. Drawing from newly released psychiatric reports on Ginsberg, from interviews with his psychiatrist, Dr. Philip Hicks, and from the poet's journals, American Scream shows how Howl brought Ginsberg and the world out of the closet of a repressive society. It also gives the first full accounting of the literary figures-Eliot, Rimbaud, and Whitman-who influenced Howl, definitively placing it in the tradition of twentieth-century American poetry for the first time. As he follows the genesis and the evolution of Howl, Jonah Raskin constructs a vivid picture of a poet and an era. He illuminates the development of Beat poetry in New York and San Francisco in the 1950s--focusing on historic occasions such as the first reading of Howl at Six Gallery in San Francisco in 1955 and the obscenity trial over the poem's publication. He looks closely at Ginsberg's life, including his relationships with his parents, friends, and mentors, while he was writing the poem and uses this material to illuminate the themes of madness, nakedness, and secrecy that pervade Howl.A captivating look at the cultural climate of the Cold War and at a great American poet, American Scream finally tells the full story of Howl-a rousing manifesto for a generation and a classic of twentieth-century literature.
Ginsberg, Allen --- Literature and mental illness --- Poetry --- Mental illness in literature. --- Beat generation. --- Insanity in literature --- Psychopathology in literature --- Authors, Insane --- Mental illness and literature --- Poets, Insane --- Beat generation --- Beatniks --- Persons --- Bohemianism --- History --- Psychological aspects. --- Ginsberg, Allen, --- Ginzberg, Alen, --- Gīnasabārga, Ayālena, --- Ginsberg, Irwin Allen, --- גינזברג, אלן --- Knowledge --- Psychology. --- 20th century. --- allen ginsberg. --- america. --- american culture. --- american poetry. --- american poets. --- american society. --- art and literature. --- beat generation. --- beat movement. --- beat poets. --- cold war america. --- controversial. --- critical analysis. --- cultural history. --- historical review. --- howl. --- jack kerouac. --- lit scholars. --- lit studies. --- literary criticism. --- literary figures. --- literary movements. --- modern poetry. --- new york. --- political literature. --- psychiatry. --- repressive society. --- san francisco. --- spoken word poetry. --- united states. --- walt whitman. --- william burroughs. --- Beats (Persons)
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