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The 2001 National Energy Policy calls for continued reductions in energy intensity (energy consumption per dollar of gross economic output). This study was part of an effort to identify state-level factors that may contribute to efficient energy use nationwide. The authors examined changes in energy intensity in 48 states and in the states? energy-consuming sectors from 1977 through 1999. Some factors that may explain differences in states? energy intensity are energy prices, new construction, capacity utilization, population, climate, tech innovations, and government energy policies.
Energy conservation--Government policy--United States--States. --- Energy policy--United States--States. --- Energy policy --- Energy conservation --- Industries --- Business & Economics --- States --- Government policy --- States. --- Conservation of energy resources --- Conservation of power resources --- Rational use of energy --- RUE (Rational use of energy) --- Energy and state --- Power resources --- State and energy --- Conservation of natural resources --- Energy consumption --- Recycling (Waste, etc.) --- Industrial policy --- Government policy&delete& --- E-books
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In the American federal system, states actively compete for jobs, business investment, and factory locations. Labor costs have played an important role in such interstate competition since the days of the pre-Civil War plantation economy. In recent years, however, global economic trends have put added pressures on businesses and government to reduce labor costs. At least, that is what most politicians, the media, and the business community believe.Globalization and the Politics of Pay examines the economic, political, and social causes and consequences of declining wages in the United States.
Globalization - Economic aspects - United States. --- Labor policy - United States - States. --- Wages - Government policy - United States - States. --- Wages - United States. --- Working class - United States - Economic conditions. --- Wages --- Labor policy --- Working class --- Globalization --- Government policy --- States. --- Economic conditions. --- Economic aspects --- Commons (Social order) --- Labor and laboring classes --- Laboring class --- Labouring class --- Working classes --- Labor --- State and labor --- Compensation --- Departmental salaries --- Earnings --- Pay --- Remuneration --- Salaries --- Wage-fund --- Wage rates --- Employment --- Social classes --- Economic policy --- Income --- Labor costs --- Compensation management --- Cost and standard of living --- Prices --- Government policy&delete& --- States --- Economic conditions --- E-books
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In fiscal year 1981-82, state and local government spending actually exceeded federal nondefense spending. However, past research in public finance has focused on federal spending and policies and paid little attention to the economic problems of state and local governments. Studies in State and Local Public Finance goes far in correcting this omission. Developed from a National Bureau of Economic Research conference on state and local financing, the volume includes papers summarizing and extending recent research as well as commentaries. Covering a wide range of topics, the papers share an empirical orientation and a concern with policy issues. The first two papers look at the role of tax-exempt bonds in local public finance. Their findings suggest that tax policies significantly affect municipal borrowing practices and that financial advantage can be achieved under certain of these practices. Other papers address specific issues related to state and local tax policy: the impact of local taxes on location decisions; efficient road-use charges for trucks; and the relation of income and general sales tax systems over time. Examining issues related to United States federalism, the last paper focuses on the impact of federal grant aid to states. The research and findings these papers report make an important contribution to the study of local public finance and should be of particular interest to policymakers and those involved in private and public financing at the local, state, or federal level.
Public finance --- United States --- Finance, Public --- Local finance --- Finances publiques --- Finances locales --- States --- States. --- finances publiques --- finances publiques villes et communes --- openbare financien --- openbare financien steden en gemeenten --- E-books --- Specie payments --- Finance, Public - United States - States. --- Local finance - United States. --- financial, wealth, income, regional, economics, economy, academic, scholarly, research, federal, government, 1980s, history, historical, 20th century, defense, nondefense, spending, policies, political, national, bureau, financing, policy, tax, local, grant, aid, nonprofit, volunteer, charitable, giving, behavior, analysis, textbook. --- United States of America
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In this volume, leading American health economists provide a critical assessment of the current state of knowledge of insurance market reform that is accessible to both policy-makers and researchers.
Insurance, Health - United States. --- Insurance, Health-- United States-- States. --- Health insurance --- Health Care Reform --- State Health Plans --- United States --- Economics --- Health Policy --- Delivery of Health Care --- Health Planning --- North America --- Regional Health Planning --- Social Sciences --- Americas --- Patient Care Management --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Public Policy --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Health Care --- Geographic Locations --- Social Control Policies --- Health Services Administration --- Policy --- Social Control, Formal --- Geographicals --- Sociology --- Health Insurance and Medicare Legislation - U.S. --- Law - U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- States --- Cost control --- Evaluation --- States. --- Cost control. --- Evaluation. --- AA / International- internationaal --- 332.822 --- 339.325.5 --- 368.3 --- 368.40 --- 368.42 --- Beroepsziekten. Invaliditeit. --- Gezondheidszorg. --- Levensverzekering. --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden. --- Ziekte- en invaliditeitsverzekering. Ziekenfondsen. --- Health plans, Prepaid --- Insurance, Health --- Medical care, Prepaid --- Medical insurance --- Prepaid health plans --- Prepaid medical care --- Sickness insurance --- Insurance --- Ambulance service --- Health care reform --- Home care services --- Hospitals --- Medically uninsured persons --- Surgical clinics --- Prospective payment --- Emergency services --- Outpatient services --- Rehabilitation services --- States&delete& --- Beroepsziekten. Invaliditeit --- Gezondheidszorg --- Levensverzekering --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden --- Ziekte- en invaliditeitsverzekering. Ziekenfondsen
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