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Social sustainability is often poorly understood and vaguely defined, despite growing appreciation of its relevance as a concept. This paper advances the empirical understanding of social sustainability by constructing a global database of 71 indicators across 193 countries and 37 territories between 2016 and 2020. The indicators are flexibly clustered around four dimensions-social inclusion, resilience, social cohesion, and process legitimacy-for which measurement indices are constructed. A simple empirical analysis using the database confirms that social sustainability is positively and strongly associated with per capita income, negatively and strongly associated with poverty, and negatively but weakly associated with income inequality. Much remains to be analyzed to understand the interactions between dimensions, but the results underscore that social sustainability matters not only in itself, but also to reduce poverty. Furthermore, extending access to markets, basic public services, and social assistance needs to be complemented with strengthening process legitimacy and social cohesion if inequality is to be reduced.
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Outlines the key issues in developing and implementing practical approaches to safeguarding native biodiversity in rural areas.
Nature conservation. --- Biodiversity. --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Wildlife conservation. --- Australia. --- New Zealand.
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Natural resources management (NRM) helps protect forests and promote sustainable development. Although women are key in strengthening activities in NRM, they are dramatically underrepresented in public funding for forest projects in many countries, such as Mexico, limiting their participation and impact. While structural barriers, such as land tenure and low capacity, cause this problem, this is exacerbated by barriers such as lack of information, complex application processess, gender norms, and rural women's low aspirations and limited agency and self-efficacy to participate in NRM projects. This paper tests whether additions and modifications to the standard outreach strategies of a call for proposals for NRM grants in Mexico increase the number of applications submitted by localities and the share of women participating. The study uses a randomized controlled trial in 113 rural localities, where the standard outreach approach (control) is complemented with additional information channels and simplified materials (treatment 1), aiming to appeal more directly to inexperienced populations. A second treatment group further modifies the informational materials using insights from behavioral science (loss aversion, norms framing, and others) and adds proactive text message reminders to prompt behavior (treatment 2), hoping to address the barriers to women's participation. The results suggest that treatment 1 localities had, on average, 2.3 more applications per locality than the control group (increasing the participation of both men and women). Treatment 2 complemented this, having, on average, 6.4 more women per locality participating of these applications than in treatment 1. This shows that women manifested interest in participating in these activities. A representative survey of women in the study localities (1,485 women in 52 localities) suggests that women in treatment localities were more likely to recognize the name of the project or informational materials. The analysis also suggests that the complementary strategies had no effect on the likelihood of being selected to receive a grant under the project, suggesting that additional support is needed to translate this increased interest into successful applications that would allow participation in NRM.
Natural resources --- Women in rural development. --- Nature conservation --- Management.
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In this work ecologists, wildlife biologists, and other conservationists explore the ecological legacy of Aldo Leopold and his contributions to the environmental movement, the philosophy of science, and natural resource management.
Nature conservation. --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Conservation --- Leopold, Aldo, --- Leopold, Rand Aldo, --- Influence. --- Nature conservation --- E-books --- Conservation biology.
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Deciduous forests have been remarkably resilient throughout their history, recovering from major shifts in climate and surviving periods of massive deforestation. But today the world's great forests confront more ominous threats than ever before. This visionary book is the first to examine forests consisting of oaks, maples, hickories, beeches, chestnuts, birches and ecologically similar animals and plants on three continents-East Asia, Europe, and North America-to reveal their common origin back in time, the ecological patterns they share, and the approaches to conservation that have been attempted on their behalf. Although these forests face common problems, threats due to human activities vary. Different land use and agricultural practices on the three continents, as well as different attitudes about what is worth preserving, have led to strikingly different approaches to forest conservation. Robert Askins explores the strengths and weaknesses of conservation efforts across the continents and concludes that the ideal strategy for the future will blend the best ideas from each.
Forest conservation --- Conservation of forests --- Forest preservation --- Forests and forestry --- Preservation of forests --- Nature conservation --- Deforestation --- Conservation --- Control --- E-books
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The first complete treatment of the U.S. land trust movement as a crucial feature of current efforts to protect the environment.
Natural areas --- Conservation easements --- Land trusts --- Nature conservation --- Land use --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Conservation servitudes --- Nature conservation easements --- Public servitudes --- Area preserves, Natural --- Conservation land --- Conservation lands --- Land, Conservation --- Landmarks, Natural --- Lands, Conservation --- Natural area preserves --- Natural history reservations --- Natural landmarks --- Nature conservation areas --- Nature conservation lands --- Nature preserves --- Nature reserves --- Preserves, Natural area --- Preserves, Nature --- Protected natural areas --- Protected natural regions --- Protected natural sites --- Reservations, Natural history --- Reserves, Nature --- Natural resources conservation areas --- Protected areas --- National parks and reserves --- World Heritage areas --- Conservation --- E-books
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Colliding environmental and development interests have shaped national policy reforms supporting both oil development and environmental protection in Alaska. Oil and Wilderness in Alaska examines three significant national policy reform efforts that came out of these conflicts: the development of the Trans-Alaska pipeline, the establishment of a vast system of protected natural areas through the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act, and the reform of the environmental management of the marine oil trade in Alaska to reduce the risk of oil pollution after the Exxon Valdez disaster. I
Petroleum industry and trade --- Energy policy --- Endangered ecosystems --- Petroleum engineering --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Mining engineering --- Political aspects --- Environmental aspects --- E-books
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Annotation Since the earliest days of our nation, new communications and transportation networks have enabled vast changes in how and where Americans live and work. Transcontinental railroads and telegraphs helped to open the West; mass media and interstate highways paved the way for suburban migration. In our own day, the internet and advanced logistics networks are enabling new changes on the landscape, with both positive and negative impacts on our efforts to conserve land and biodiversity. Emerging technologies have led to tremendous innovations in conservation science and resource management as well as education and advocacy efforts. At the same time, new networks have been powerful enablers of decentralization, facilitating sprawling development into previously undesirable or inaccessible areas. Conservation in the Internet Ageoffers an innovative, cross-disciplinary perspective on critical changes on the land and in the field of conservation. The book:provides a general overview of the impact of new technologies and networksexplores the potentially disruptive impacts of the new networks on open space and biodiversitypresents case studies of innovative ways that conservation organizations are using the new networks to pursue their missionsconsiders how rapid change in the Internet Age offers the potential for landmark conservation initiativesConservation in the Internet Ageis the first book to examine the links among land use, technology, and conservation from multiple perspectives, and to suggest areas and initiatives that merit further investigation. It offers unique and valuable insight into the challenges facing the land and biodiversity conservation community in the early twenty-first century, and represents an important new work for policymakers, conservation professionals, and academics in planning, design, conservation and resource management, policy, and related fields.
Nature conservation. --- Internet. --- DARPA Internet --- Internet (Computer network) --- Wide area networks (Computer networks) --- World Wide Web --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Conservation --- Nature conservation --- Internet --- E-books
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A clear grasp of economics is essential to understanding why environmental problems arise and how we can address them. So it is with good reason that this book has become a classic text in environmental studies since its first publication in 2007. Now thoroughly revised with updated information on current environmental policy and real‑world examples of market‑based instruments, the primer is more relevant than ever. The authors provide a concise yet thorough introduction to the economic theory of environmental policy and natural resource management. They begin with an overview of environmental economics before exploring topics including cost‑benefit analysis, market failures and successes, and economic growth and sustainability.
Environment. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology. --- Nature conservation. --- Environmental economics. --- Environment, general. --- Environmental Economics. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Nature Conservation. --- Water quality trading. --- Trading, Water quality --- Economics --- Environmental quality --- Environmental aspects --- Economic aspects --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- Conservation --- Environmental policy --- Water quality management --- Environmental sciences. --- Environmental science --- Science --- Ecology .
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