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The rise of globalisation makes language competencies more valuable, both at individual and societal levels. This book examines the links between globalisation and the way we teach and learn languages. It begins by asking why some individuals are more successful than others at learning non-native languages, and why some education systems, or countries, are more successful than others at teaching languages. The book comprises chapters by different authors on the subject of language learning. There are chapters on the role of motivation; the way that languages, cultures and identities are interconnected; the insights that neuroscience provides; migrants, their education and opportunities to learn languages; language learning and teaching in North America; and new approaches to language learning.
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В настоящия доклад се анализира правната рамка на България в областта на административните наказания. Докладът оценява субективния обхват на тяхното прилагане, типологията и нивата на административните наказания, както и производството по тяхното налагане.
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The Executive Board has held three formal meetings on the quota formula review, and discussions have also taken place in other fora including the IMFC Deputies work stream and the G-20 IFA Working Group. Considerable progress has been made in terms of identifying areas of common ground as well as those areas where views differ. At their most recent meeting in late September, Directors reaffirmed their commitment to completing the review by January 2013, and stressed that achieving this goal will require constructive engagement and a spirit of flexibility and compromise from all sides. At its subsequent meeting in Tokyo, the IMFC called on the membership to develop the consensus needed through further engagement of the Executive Board, with input from the IMFC Deputies, to complete the review by January 2013.
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Since the October 2017 report to the IMFC, the IEO has completed an evaluation of the IMF's work in fragile states and an update of its 2007 evaluation of IMF exchange rate policy advice. The office continued work on two evaluations, on IMF financial surveillance and on IMF advice on unconventional monetary policies, as well as an update of the 2008 evaluation of structural conditionality. It also launched an update of IEO's 2008 Evaluation of IMF Governance. The IEO welcomes recent steps taken by the IMF to follow through on Board-endorsed recommendations of its 2016-17 evaluations.
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English language --- Linguistics --- Bibliography --- Bibliography
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Hedging is an essential part of everyday communication. It is a discourse strategy which is used to reduce commitment to the force or truth of an utterance to achieve an appropriate pragmatic effect. In recent years hedges have therefore attracted increased attention in Pragmatics and Applied Linguistics, with studies approaching the concept of hedging from various perspectives, such as speech act - and politeness theory, genre-specific investigations, interactional pragmatics, and studies of vague language. The present volume provides an up-to-date overview of current research on the topic by bringing together studies from a variety of fields. The contributions span a range of different languages, investigate the use of hedges in different communicative settings and text types, and consider all levels of linguistic analysis from prosody to morphology, syntax and semantics. What unites the different studies in this volume is a corpus-based approach, in which various theoretical concepts and categories are applied to, and tested against, actual language data. This allows for patterns of use to be uncovered which have previously gone unnoticed and provides valuable insights for the adjustment and fine-tuning of existing categories. The usage-based approach of the investigations therefore offers new theoretical and descriptive perspectives on the context-dependent nature and multifunctionality of hedges.
Hedge (Linguistics) --- Euphemism --- Pragmatics --- Euphemism. --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmalinguistics --- Hedging (Linguistics) --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Figures of speech --- Semantics --- Linguistics --- Philosophy --- E-books --- Hedge (Linguistics) - Congresses --- Euphemism - Congresses --- Pragmatics - Congresses
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The rise of globalisation makes language competencies more valuable, both at individual and societal levels. This book examines the links between globalisation and the way we teach and learn languages. It begins by asking why some individuals are more successful than others at learning non-native languages, and why some education systems, or countries, are more successful than others at teaching languages. The book comprises chapters by different authors on the subject of language learning. There are chapters on the role of motivation; the way that languages, cultures and identities are interconnected; the insights that neuroscience provides; migrants, their education and opportunities to learn languages; language learning and teaching in North America; and new approaches to language learning.
Linguistics. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages
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French language --- Pragmatics --- Grammaticality (Linguistics) --- Grammaticalité --- Français (Langue) --- Grammar --- Textbooks --- Grammaire --- Manuels --- -Grammaticality (Linguistics) --- Grammaticalness (Linguistics) --- Acceptability (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistics --- Langue d'oïl --- Romance languages --- -Textbooks --- Textbooks. --- Grammaticality (Linguistics). --- Grammaticalité --- Français (Langue) --- Grammar&delete& --- French language - Grammar - Textbooks
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Financial disclosure has become a crucial component of corporate communication. Through this process, companies aim to provide information and project an image of trustworthiness in response to on-going ethical concerns in the world of finance. Rhetoric in financial discourse provides new insights into how companies communicate with key stakeholders, not only to boost transparency, but also to attract investment. The book offers an in-depth linguistic analysis of the rhetorical dimension of financial communication. It focuses on two technology-mediated genres which are widely used, yet remain largely unexplored from a rhetorical perspective: earnings presentations and earnings releases. Using an innovative methodological approach, the book shows how corporate speakers and writers use distinctive rhetorical strategies to achieve their professional goals. It includes a practical discussion of how the findings can be exploited to develop state-of-the-art corporate communication courses and to improve the effectiveness of financial disclosure in professional settings. The book contributes to an enhanced understanding of the language of finance, representing a discourse community that involves and impacts the lives of many people around the world. It will be of interest to several communities of practice, including language researchers, discourse analysts, corpus linguists, finance and communication academics, students of business and finance, and professionals of financial communication.
Discourse analysis. --- Linguistics. --- Rhetoric. --- Rhetoric --- Discourse analysis --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Language and languages --- Speaking --- Authorship --- Expression --- Literary style
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This book is about categorization processes in native/non-native workplace interaction, within the context of internship interviews between Danish employers and second language speakers who were born abroad. In this volume, which is one of the first books on gatekeeping, Tranekjær seeks to address processes of power and ideology from a conversation analytical perspective. The book examines the challenges that non-native internship candidates face in processes of employment when employers and job-counsellors seek to conceptualize, categorize and address the candidates’ linguistic, ethnic and religious otherness. The book shows how processes of categorization are influenced by broader structures of ideology related to social issues of controversy and debate such as migration, integration and second-language learning. The book also includes an overview of previous gatekeeping studies and proposes a redefinition of the term, which suggests a broader meaning and relevance of the notion.
Categorization (Linguistics) --- Conversation analysis --- Sociolinguistics --- Language acquisition --- Acquisition of language --- Developmental linguistics --- Developmental psycholinguistics --- Language and languages --- Language development in children --- Psycholinguistics, Developmental --- Interpersonal communication in children --- Psycholinguistics --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Analysis of conversation --- CA (Interpersonal communication) --- Conversational analysis --- Oral communication --- Classification (Linguistics) --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Acquisition --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- E-books --- Conversation analysis. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Language acquisition. --- Applied Conversation Analysis. --- Cultural Studies. --- Discursive Psychology. --- Interactional sociolinguistics. --- Intercultural communication. --- Membership Categorization Analysis. --- Power. --- Second language interaction. --- Social categories. --- Work-place communication. --- Work-place studies. --- categorization processes. --- employment. --- ethnic otherness. --- gatekeeping. --- linguistic otherness. --- religious otherness.
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