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Energy security, economic prosperity and environmental protection are prominent challenges for all countries. The use of hydrogen as an energy carrier and fuel cells as motive devices in transportation and energy distribution systems are possible solutions. This book provides the reader with an authoritative and objective analysis of policy responses and hurdles and business opportunities. Information regarding the latest RD&D, policy initiatives and private sector plans are assessed from the perspective of the rapidly changing global energy system in the next half century. This book provides:• The reality of the technology status-quo;• A hard look at hydrogen and fuel cells benefits in comparison to other options;• An incisive analysis of the main barriers for a hydrogen and fuel cell transition;• Four scenarios for a hydrogen and fuel cells transition;• Guidance for far-reaching decision making under uncertainty. Prospects for hydrogen and fuel cells offers the facts, figures and strategic thinking that is needed for true solutions to the world’s energy problems.

Fuel cells. --- Hydrogen as fuel. --- Fuel cell industry. --- Hydrogen energy --- Fuel --- Fuel cells --- Direct energy conversion --- Electric batteries --- Electric power production from chemical action --- Electrochemistry --- Fuel cell industry --- Piles à combustible --- Hydrogène (Combustible) --- Industrie

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Hydrogen and fuel cells are vital technologies to ensure a secure and CO2-free energy future. This book draws primarily upon information contributed by IEA governments. In virtually all the IEA countries, important R&D and policy efforts on hydrogen and fuel cells are in place and expanding. Some are fully-integrated, government-funded programs, some are a key element in an overall strategy spread among multiple public and private efforts. The large amount of information provided in this publication reflects the vast array of technologies and logistics required to build the “hydrogen economy”.

Hydrogen as fuel. --- Hydrogen as fuel --- Fuel cells --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Chemical Engineering --- Research --- Direct energy conversion --- Electric batteries --- Electric power production from chemical action --- Electrochemistry --- Hydrogène (Combustible) --- Piles à combustible --- Recherche

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Les gouvernements de nombreux pays de l’OCDE, mais aussi de plusieurs pays non membres, s’emploient activement à promouvoir la production et la consommation de nouveaux carburants de transport issus de produits agricoles. Le rapport conclut qu’il existe d’autres solutions que les politiques actuelles de soutien des biocarburants qui permettraient aux gouvernements de réaliser plus efficacement leurs objectifs.

Biomass energy -- Environmental aspects. --- Biomass energy -- Government policy. --- Biomass energy -- Subsidies -- Economic aspects. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Biomass energy --- Subsidies --- Economic aspects. --- Government policy. --- Environmental aspects. --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Biomass as fuel --- Renewable fuels --- Renewable energy sources

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Biofuels received USD 15 billion in subsidies in OECD Member countries in 2007, but did they deliver benefits in terms of climate change or oil security? Present policies make no link between support for biofuels and their environmental performance, and biofuels do not all perform equally well. In fact, much of the current ethanol and biodiesel production may result in higher overall emissions of greenhouse gases than using conventional transport fuels - gasoline and diesel. The papers published in this report examine the economics of biofuels and assess the potential of conventional biofuel production in OECD countries, Brazilian ethanol exports and some second generation biofuels to supply world markets with transport fuels. This Round Table analyses the critical issues for governments in determining support for biofuels, particularly the level of greenhouse gas emissions throughout the life-cycle of these fuels and the wider environmental impacts of farming biomass. It also reviews recent progress in developing certification systems for biofuels – an essential  tool for tying support  to achievement in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, although certification cannot be expected to prevent rainforest destruction for the  development of  biofuel crop plantations. The report concludes with a short list of recommendations for policy reform if support for biofuels is to contribute effectively to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Biomass energy. --- Greenhouse gases. --- Biomass energy --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Chemical Engineering --- Environmental aspects --- Environmental aspects. --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Biomass energy - Environmental aspects --- Biomass energy - OECD countries --- Biomass as fuel --- Renewable fuels --- Renewable energy sources

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Bioenergy has been critical to humanity since the cave dwellers first used wood to cook their food and stay warm at night. Ancient forms of bioenergy ¿ firewood and cow dung patties ¿ remain primary fuel sources for rural and poor people. New sources of bioenergy including ¿black liquor¿, biodiesel, cellulosic ethanol and many more, have great promise and generate great controversy. This book gives an overview of bioenergy developments and examines the main issues and possible socioeconomic implications of these developments and their potential impacts on land use and the environment, especial

Biomass energy - Environmental aspects. --- Biomass energy --- Industries --- Business & Economics --- Environmental aspects --- Biomass energy. --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Environmental aspects. --- Social Sciences and Humanities. Economics --- Environmental Economics --- Natural Resource Economics. --- Biomass as fuel --- Renewable fuels --- Renewable energy sources