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This edition of the OECD Secretary-General's Report to Ministers outlines the main achievements of the OECD in 2020, notably the Organisation's efforts to help manage the COVID-19 crisis and pave the way towards a stronger, more inclusive, resilient and green recovery. It describes the OECD's work across major policy areas, with a focus on health, employment, inequalities, economics and tax, education, and the environment, among others. The report outlines the activities of the Secretary-General and his office, as well as those of OECD directorates, the Secretariats of Entities within the OECD family and OECD Social Partners.

Executive departments.

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Administrative agencies --- Executive departments --- Auditing.

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Americans are just emerging from one of the great reform eras in our historyan era in which we attempted to control public bureaucracies through interest representation, due process, management, policy analysis, federalism, and oversight. The United States has, in fact, undergone an institutional realignment and has emerged with a weaker, less autonomous bureaucracy. In a book that will interest not only public administration specialists but students of American government generally, William Gormley examines the consequences of the reform efforts of the 1970s and 1980s and seeks to understand why, despite an astonishing number of these efforts, we remain dissatisfied with the results."The American bureaucracy is beleaguered and besieged," writes Gormley. ". . . Unfortunately, the bureaucracy's critics are equally capable of blunders." The author explains our situation by analyzing a spectrum of controls ranging from catalytic to hortatory to coercive. Catalytic controls--such as proxy advocacy, environmental impact statements, and freedom-of-information acts--are most flexible, while coercive controls--such as legislative vetoes, executive orders, and judicial take-overs of state institutions--are most rigid. While recommending that controls be tailored both to issues and to bureaucracies, Gormley shows that coercive interventions (or muscles) often generate new bureaucratic pathologies without eradicating old ones. In contrast, catalytic controls (or prayers) energize the bureaucracy without predetermining a hastily crafted response.Originally published in 1989.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Political sociology --- United States --- Executive departments --- Administrative agencies --- Bureaucracy --- E-books --- United States of America

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Twentieth-century Europe was an intense laboratory of capitalist experimentation. Confronted with economic booms and crises, technological revolutions, and economic globalization, Western Europe's governments constantly explored alternative ways of managing domestic economic systems and international commerce. Bridging comparative and international political economy, Creative Reconstructions compellingly expands our understanding of the historic relationship between varieties of capitalism and international cooperation.Orfeo Fioretos' pathbreaking analysis places multilateral institutions at the center of the study of capitalism. He highlights the role played by governments' multilateral strategies in shaping the national trajectories of capitalism in Great Britain, France, and Germany. Fioretos shows that membership in international organizations such as the European Union and its precursors was an integral innovation in the domestic management of capitalism that came to play a central, if varied, role in shaping the evolution of modern market economies.

Capitalism --- International trade agencies --- European cooperation. --- Executive departments --- International cooperation --- Market economy --- Economics --- Profit --- Capital --- Europe --- Economic policy. --- Foreign economic relations. --- European cooperation --- 330.50 --- 330.52 --- 331.31 --- AA / International- internationaal --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- Economische en sociale stelsels: algemeenheden. --- Liberaal systeem. Neo-liberalisme. Theorie van de onderhandeling --- Economisch beleid --- E-books --- Economische en sociale stelsels: algemeenheden

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New Zealand's reforms of economic policy and public sector management systems have attracted international attention. Beginning in 1984, the country adopted a comprehensive and vigorous program of macroeconomic adjustment that involved redefining the state's role in the economy and social policy. This paper provides an overview of the central frameworks of government management in New Zealand, with particular emphasis on financial management.

Economics --- Organizational change --- Administrative agencies --- Corporations, Government --- Executive departments --- Government business enterprises --- Government productivity --- Management --- New Zealand --- Politics and government --- -Administrative agencies --- -Executive departments --- -Corporations, Government --- -Government business enterprises --- -Government productivity --- -336.1 <931> --- gouvernement --- nouvelle zelande --- politique economique --- politique --- NZ / New Zealand - Nieuw Zeeland - Nouvelle Zélande --- 331.31 --- 350.0 --- 338.047 --- 321.1 --- 330.05 --- 352.3670993 --- Productivity, Government --- Capital productivity --- Production (Economic theory) --- Public administration --- Nationalized companies --- Parastatals --- Public enterprises --- State-owned enterprises --- Business enterprises --- Authorities, Public (Government corporations) --- Federal corporations --- Government-owned corporations --- Public authorities (Government corporations) --- Public corporations (Government corporations) --- Corporations --- Departments, Executive --- Government ministries --- Ministries, Government --- Ministries, State --- State ministries --- Agencies, Administrative --- Executive agencies --- Government agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Administrative law --- Change, Organizational --- Organization development --- Organizational development --- Organizational innovation --- Organization --- Manpower planning --- Public finance, government finance in general--Nieuw-Zeeland --- regering --- nieuw zeeland --- economisch beleid --- politiek --- Economisch beleid. --- Organisatie van het openbaar bestuur: algemeenheden. --- Privé en openbare bedrijven. Openbare diensten. Gemengde economie. --- Theorie, ontstaan en evolutie van de staat. --- Law and legislation --- -Working papers --- Management. --- 336.1 <931> Public finance, government finance in general--Nieuw-Zeeland --- Nya Zeeland --- Aotearoa --- Novai︠a︡ Zelandii︠a︡ --- Nowa Zelandia --- Nouvelle-Zélande --- Nu Ziland --- Niu-hsi-lan --- Novzelando --- Nyū Jīrando --- Neu-Seeland --- Nieu-Seeland --- Новая Зеландыя --- Novai︠a︡ Zelandyi︠a︡ --- Novi Zeland --- Нова Зеландия --- Nova Zelandii︠a︡ --- Nova Zelanda --- Nový Zéland --- Neuseeland --- Seland Newydd --- Uus-Meremaa --- Νέα Ζηλανδία --- Nea Zēlandia --- Nueva Zelanda --- Nueva Zelandia --- Nov-Zelando --- Zeelanda Berria --- Nýsæland --- Nýja-Sjáland --- Nuova Zelanda --- ניו זילנד --- Nyu Ziland --- N.Z. (New Zealand) --- NZ --- ニュージーランド --- Nyūjīrando --- 336.1 <931> --- Theorie, ontstaan en evolutie van de staat --- Economisch beleid --- Privé en openbare bedrijven. Openbare diensten. Gemengde economie --- Organisatie van het openbaar bestuur: algemeenheden --- Working papers --- Government corporations --- Organizational change - New Zealand --- Administrative agencies - New Zealand - Management --- Corporations, Government - New Zealand - Management --- Executive departments - New Zealand - Management --- Government business enterprises - New Zealand - Management --- Government productivity - New Zealand --- New Zealand - Politics and government - 1972 --- -Organizational change --- Accounting --- Budgeting --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Labor --- Public Administration --- Public Sector Accounting and Audits --- Fiscal Policy --- Public Enterprises --- Public-Private Enterprises --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Health: General --- Employment --- Unemployment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- Civil service & public sector --- Public finance accounting --- Financial reporting, financial statements --- Public finance & taxation --- Budgeting & financial management --- Fiscal policy --- Public sector --- Financial statements --- Budget planning and preparation --- Fiscal accounting and reporting --- Economic sectors --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Finance, Public --- Budget --- Health --- Expenditures, Public