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Circus owners --- Recreation & Sports --- Visual Arts - General --- Social Sciences --- Visual Arts --- Art, Architecture & Applied Arts --- Biography --- Ringling, John, --- Sarasota (Fla.) --- City of Sarasota (Fla.) --- Sarasota, Fla. --- History. --- E-books --- Rüngeling, Johan

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Creative work has been celebrated as the highest form of achievement since at least Aristotle. But our understanding of the dynamics and market for creative work--artistic work in particular--often relies on unexamined clichés about individual genius, industrial engineering of talent, and the fickleness of fashion. Pierre-Michel Menger approaches the subject with new rigor, drawing on sociology, economics, and philosophy to build on the central insight that, unlike the work most of us do most of the time, creative work is governed by uncertainty. Without uncertainty, neither self-realization nor creative innovation is possible. And without techniques for managing uncertainty, neither careers nor profitable ventures would surface. In the absence of clear paths to success, an oversupply of artists and artworks generates boundless differentiation and competition. How can artists, customers, entrepreneurs, and critics judge merit? Menger disputes the notion that artistic success depends solely on good connections or influential managers and patrons. Talent matters. But the disparity between superstardom and obscurity may hinge initially on minor gaps in intrinsic ability. The benefits of early promise in competition and the tendency of elite professionals to team up with one another amplify and disproportionately reward even small differences. Menger applies his temporal and causal analysis of behavior under uncertainty to the careers and oeuvres of Beethoven and Rodin. The result is a thought-provoking book that brings clarity to our understanding of a world widely seen as either irrational or so free of standards that only power and manipulation count.

Art and society -- France. --- Artists -- France -- Social conditions. --- Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.). --- Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Artists --- Art and society --- Art, Architecture & Applied Arts --- Fine Arts - General --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- Creative ability in art --- Creative ability in literature --- Art --- Art and sociology --- Society and art --- Sociology and art --- Social aspects --- Imagination --- Inspiration --- Literature --- Creative ability --- Originality --- Persons --- E-books --- #SBIB:316.7C330 --- #SBIB:316.7C333 --- #SBIB:316.334.2A74 --- Cultuurfunctionarissen --- Kunstenaars --- Beroepensociologie: hoger opgeleiden, professies

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Die digitale Revolution ist mit dem Versprechen verknüpft, die Selbstständigkeit des einzelnen Nutzers zu stärken. Der Aufstieg von kommerziellen Plattformen zur Koordination von Crowdarbeit stellt die Gültigkeit dieses Narrativs jedoch in Frage. In Crowd-Design analysiert Florian Alexander Schmidt die Entstehungsgeschichte, Funktionsweise und Rhetorik solcher Plattformen. Der Vergleich von historischen Crowd-Diskursen und Visionen der Online-Kollaboration bildet den Ausgangspunkt für eine kritische Betrachtung aktueller Ausprägungen von Crowdarbeit: Der Fokus der Studie liegt auf der Auslagerung von Designaufgaben unter Verwendung dieser Crowdsourcing-Plattformen. Grundlegenden Mechanismen, welche den Plattformbetreibern zur Motivation und Kontrolle der Crowds dienen, werden offengelegt. The digital revolution is interwoven with the promise to empower the user. Yet, the rise of centralised, commercial platforms for crowdsourced work questions the validity of this narrative. In Crowd-Design, Florian Alexander Schmidt analyses the workings and the rhetoric of crowdsourced work platforms by comparing the way they address the masses today with historic notions of the crowd. The utopian concepts of early online collaboration are taken as a vantage point from which to view and critique current and, at times, dystopian applications of crowdsourced work. The study is focused on the crowdsourcing of design tasks, but these specific applications are used to examine the design of the more general mechanisms employed by the platform providers to motivate and control the crowds. Crowd-Design is as much about the crowdsourcing of design as it is about the design of crowdsourcing.

Virtual work teams. --- Groupware (Computer software) --- Work design. --- Human computation. --- DESIGN / General. --- DESIGN / Graphic Arts / General. --- Crowdsourcing (Distributed artificial intelligence) --- Human-based computation --- Human computation systems --- Distributed artificial intelligence --- Human-computer interaction --- Design of work systems --- Job design --- Work systems design --- Methods engineering --- Collaborative software --- Teamware (Computer software) --- Workgroup software --- Computer software --- Eteams (Virtual work teams) --- Virtual teams (Work teams) --- VTeams (Virtual work teams) --- Teams in the workplace --- Virtual work teams --- Work design --- Human computation --- E-books

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Challenging reappraisal of the relationship between cultural values and economics.

Arts -- Economic aspects. --- Culture -- Economic aspects. --- Arts --- Culture --- Fine Arts - General --- Art, Architecture & Applied Arts --- Economic aspects --- economic aspects. --- value --- values . --- Cultural sociology --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Popular culture --- Arts, Fine --- Arts, Occidental --- Arts, Western --- Fine arts --- Humanities --- Social aspects --- E-books --- 339.325.6 --- 339.44 --- 380.1 --- 7 --- AA / International- internationaal --- Schone kunsten - Kunst als vrijetijdsbesteding. --- Beaux-arts - Arts d'agrément. --- Fine arts. Art as a way of using leisure. --- 7 Schone kunsten - Kunst als vrijetijdsbesteding. --- 7 Beaux-arts - Arts d'agrément. --- 7 Fine arts. Art as a way of using leisure. --- Culturele behoeften --- Kunstmarkt --- Waardeleer --- Schone kunsten - Kunst als vrijetijdsbesteding --- Economic aspects. --- Arts and society --- Arts, Primitive --- culture and instituten --- economics --- economie --- culture and institutions