Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Price maintenance --- International trade. --- Developing countries --- Commerce.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Foreign trade policy --- 339.54 --- 339.7 --- Commodity control --- Compensatory financing --- Price maintenance --- AA / International- internationaal --- 338.013 --- Fair trade --- Maintenance of prices --- Price fixing, Resale --- Price stabilization, Industrial --- Resale price fixing --- Resale price maintenance --- Price fixing --- Financing, Compensatory --- Deficit financing --- Loans, Foreign --- International commodity control --- Commercial policy --- Cartels --- Producers' associations --- Buitenlandse economische politiek. Buitenlandse handelspolitiek. Instrumentarium van de buitenlandse handel --- Internationale financien. Buitenlands betalingsverkeer --(z.o {336}) --- Belang, verdeling en beleid van de natuurlijke rijkdommen. Grondstoffen. --- Commodity control. --- Compensatory financing. --- Price maintenance. --- 339.7 Internationale financien. Buitenlands betalingsverkeer --(z.o {336}) --- 339.54 Buitenlandse economische politiek. Buitenlandse handelspolitiek. Instrumentarium van de buitenlandse handel --- Belang, verdeling en beleid van de natuurlijke rijkdommen. Grondstoffen

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

AA / International- internationaal --- 333.842 --- 331.31 --- 333.80 --- 333.841 --- 333.846.0 --- Price maintenance --- Monetary policy --- 332.41 --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Fair trade --- Maintenance of prices --- Price fixing, Resale --- Price stabilization, Industrial --- Resale price fixing --- Resale price maintenance --- Price fixing --- Deflatie. --- Economisch beleid. --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden. --- Inflatie. --- Verband tussen het monetair, bank- en kredietbeleid en de economische ontwikkeling: algemeenheden. --- Deflatie --- Economisch beleid --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden --- Inflatie --- Verband tussen het monetair, bank- en kredietbeleid en de economische ontwikkeling: algemeenheden

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Foreign trade. International trade --- Developing countries: agricultural and food problems --- International economic relations --- International trade --- Price maintenance --- 174 --- 338.340 --- 339.320 --- 382.0 --- LDC / Developping Countries - Pays En Développement --- Fair trade --- Maintenance of prices --- Price fixing, Resale --- Price stabilization, Industrial --- Resale price fixing --- Resale price maintenance --- Price fixing --- External trade --- Foreign commerce --- Foreign trade --- Global commerce --- Global trade --- Trade, International --- World trade --- Commerce --- Non-traded goods --- Verband tussen de ethiek en de economie. Ethiek en bedrijf --- Algemene ontwikkeling in de Derde Wereld --- Consumptie: algemeenheden. Wet van de vraag in verband met de consumptie. Consumptiebehoefte. Behoeftetheorie --- Algemeenheden. Techniek en praktijk van de internationale handel. Internationale economische betrekkingen --- Developing countries --- Commerce.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

We examine the effects that international commodity price shocks have on external debt using panel data for a world sample of 93 countries spanning the period 1970-2007. Our main finding is that positive commodity price shocks lead to a significant reduction in the level of external debt in democracies, but to no significant reduction in the level of external debt in autocracies. To explain this result, we show that positive commodity price shocks lead to a statistically significant and quantitatively large increase in total government expenditures in autocracies. In democracies on the other hand government expenditures did not increase significantly. We also document that following positive windfalls from international commodity price shocks the risk of default on external debt decreased in democracies, but increased significantly in autocracies.

Exports and Imports --- Finance: General --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Commodity Markets --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Finance --- Commodity price shocks --- External debt --- Commodity prices --- Expenditure --- Competition --- Prices --- Debts, External --- Expenditures, Public --- United States --- Commodity control --- Price maintenance. --- Debts, External. --- Financial crises --- International economic relations. --- Econometric models.