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Quality improvement initiatives take many forms, from the creation of standards for healthprofessionals, health technologies and health facilities, to audit and feedback, and fromfostering a patient safety culture to public reporting and paying for quality. For policymakerswho struggle to decide which initiatives to prioritise for investment, understandingthe potential of different quality strategies in their unique settings is key. This volume, developed by the Observatory together with OECD, provides an overall conceptual framework for understanding and applying strategies aimed at improving quality of care. Crucially, it summarizes available evidence on different quality strategies and providesrecommendations for their implementation. This book is intended to help policy-makers tounderstand concepts of quality and to support them to evaluate single strategies andcombinations of strategies. Quality of care is a political priority and an important contributor to population health. Thisbook acknowledges that "quality of care" is a broadly defined concept, and that it is oftenunclear how quality improvement strategies fit within a health system, and what theirparticular contribution can be. This volume elucidates the concepts behind multiple elementsof quality in healthcare policy (including definitions of quality, its dimensions, related activities, and targets), quality measurement and governance and situates it all in the wider context ofhealth systems research. By so doing, this book is designed to help policy-makers prioritizeand align different quality initiatives and to achieve a comprehensive approach to qualityimprovement.

Outcome assessment (Medical care) --- Medical policy. --- Medical care --- Cost effectiveness. --- Standards.

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"This paper explores the linkage between income growth rates and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. So far the evidence is rather mixed, as no robust relationship between FDI and income growth has been established. The authors argue that countries need a sound business environment in the form of good government regulations to be able to benefit from FDI. Using a comprehensive data set for regulations, they test this hypothesis and find evidence that excessive regulations restrict growth through FDI only in the most regulated economies. This result holds true for different specifications of the econometric model, including instrumental variable regressions. "--World Bank web site.

Economic development. --- Investments, Foreign.