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War (International law) --- Guerre (Droit international)

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Unmanned combat air vehicles - i.e. 'drones' - have become a prominent instrument in US efforts to counter objective (and subjective) cross-border terrorist threats with lethal force. As a result, critical questions abound on the legitimacy of their use. In a series of multidisciplinary essays by scholars with extensive knowledge of international norms, this book explores the question of legitimacy through the conceptual lenses of legality, morality and efficacy, and then closes with the consideration of a policy proposal aimed at incorporating all three indispensable elements. This book seeks to come to grips with the new reality of drone warfare by exploring if it can be used to preserve, rather than eat away at, legitimacy.

Drones --- Guerre aérienne (droit international) --- Drones.

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En ce changement de siècle, la démocratie tend à se diffuser sur toute la planète. Elle s'établit dans le cadre d'Etats souverains et, pourtant, elle implique bien des ingérences. Alors, quel avenir pour l'ingérence ? Cette seconde édition comporte un nouveau chapitre, intitulé "L'arroseur arrosé ? Kosovo, Timor Oriental, affaire Haider".

Intervention (International law) --- War (International law) --- International relations --- Intervention (Droit international) --- Guerre (Droit international) --- Relations internationales

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"On June 27, 1986, the International Court of Justice pronounced its much-anticipated judgment in the Nicaragua case. For the first time in its history, it gave a direct and elaborate ruling on issues pertaining to the international law on the use of force (Ius ad Bellum), including on the conditions for the exercise of States' right of self-defence. If the Court's approach merits praise for unequivocally affirming that disputes involving the recourse to force are inherently justiciable, it is somewhat puzzling what led the Hague Judges to conclude that "[t]here appears now to be general agreement on the nature of the acts which can be treated as constituting armed attacks", triggering the right of self-defence. Whether it was naivety, overconfidence or bluff on their part is open to speculation, yet one need not possess the combined legal skills of Grotius and Vattel to understand that it did not completely reflect normative reality"-- "This book examines to what extent the right of self-defence, as laid down in Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, permits States to launch military operations against other States. In particular, it focuses on the occurrence of an 'armed attack' - the crucial trigger for the activation of this right. In light of the developments since 9/11, the author analyses relevant physical and verbal customary practice, ranging from the 1974 Definition of Aggression to recent incidents such as the 2001 US intervention in Afghanistan and the 2006 Israeli intervention in Lebanon. The notion of 'armed attack' is examined from a threefold perspective. What acts can be regarded as an 'armed attack'? When can an 'armed attack' be considered to take place? And from whom must an 'armed attack' emanate? By way of conclusion, the different findings are brought together in a draft 'Definition of Armed Attack'"--

Self-defense (International law) --- Aggression (International law) --- Security, International. --- War (International law) --- Légitime défense (Droit international) --- Agression (Droit international) --- Sécurité internationale --- Guerre (Droit international) --- United Nations. --- Légitime défense (droit international) --- Agression (droit international) --- Guerre (droit international) --- Nations unies. --- Aggression (International law). --- Self-defense (International law). --- Légitime défense (Droit international) --- Sécurité internationale --- International law --- Sécurité internationale.

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This book analyses the current legal framework seeking to protect cultural heritage during armed conflict and discusses proposed and emerging paradigms for its better protection. Cultural heritage has always been a victim of conflict, with monuments and artefacts frequently destroyed as collateral damage in wars throughout history. In addition, works of art have been viewed as booty by victors and stolen in the aftermath of conflict. However, deliberate destruction of cultural heritage has been a hallmark of recent conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, where we have witnessed unprecedented, systematic attacks on culture as a weapon of war. In Iraq, Syria, Libya, Yemen and Mali, extremist groups such as ISIS and Ansar Dine have committed numerous acts of iconoclasm, deliberately destroying heritage sites and looting valuable artefacts symbolic of minority cultures. This study explores how the international law framework can be fully utilized in order to tackle the destruction of cultural heritage, and analyses various paradigms which have recently been suggested for its better protection, including the Responsibility to Protect paradigm and the peace and security paradigm.

Cultural property --- International criminal law. --- Protection (International law) --- CULTURAL PROPERTY--PROTECTION (INTERNATIONAL LAW) --- War (International law) --- Guerre (Droit international) --- Biens culturels --- Droit international pénal --- Protection --- Droit international