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Objectivity has a history, and it is full of surprises. In Objectivity, Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison chart the emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences—and show how the concept differs from its alternatives, truth-to-nature and trained judgment. This is a story of lofty epistemic ideals fused with workaday practices in the making of scientific images. From the eighteenth through the early twenty-first centuries, the images that reveal the deepest commitments of the empirical sciences—from anatomy to crystallography—are those featured in scientific atlases, the compendia that teach practitioners what is worth looking at and how to look at it. Galison and Daston use atlas images to uncover a hidden history of scientific objectivity and its rivals. Whether an atlas maker idealizes an image to capture the essentials in the name of truth-to-nature or refuses to erase even the most incidental detail in the name of objectivity or highlights patterns in the name of trained judgment is a decision enforced by an ethos as well as by an epistemology. As Daston and Galison argue, atlases shape the subjects as well as the objects of science. To pursue objectivity—or truth-to-nature or trained judgment—is simultaneously to cultivate a distinctive scientific self wherein knowing and knower converge. Moreover, the very point at which they visibly converge is in the very act of seeing not as a separate individual but as a member of a particular scientific community. Embedded in the atlas image, therefore, are the traces of consequential choices about knowledge, persona, and collective sight. Objectivity is a book addressed to anyone interested in the elusive and crucial notion of objectivity—and in what it means to peer into the world scientifically.
Affective and dynamic functions --- Physiology of nerves and sense organs --- anno 1700-1799 --- anno 1800-1999 --- #SBIB:316.23H2 --- Sociologie van de wetenschappen --- Objectivity. --- Objectivity --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Reality --- Personal equation --- Philosophy of science --- History of philosophy --- Theory of knowledge
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La volonté de perpétuer ou de manifester sa situation privilégiée après la mort semble un trait commun à beaucoup de sociétés humaines. Les gestes effectués avant et pendant l'inhumation, le choix du lieu et la structure de la tombe prennent ainsi une dimension symbolique, politique, sociale, religieuse ou économique. Les contributions contenues dans ce volume interrogent notamment la mise en scène des funérailles et la représentation commémorative du défunt, le rôle du lieu de sépulture comme expression des pouvoirs laïcs ou religieux, la reconnaissance et la signification des inhumations dites « privilégiées» à l'intérieur de l'espace funéraire.
Religious architecture --- Sociology of culture --- Physiology: reproduction & development. Ages of life --- History of Europe --- Philosophy and psychology of culture --- anno 500-1499 --- anno 300-399 --- anno 400-499 --- Funeral rites and ceremonies --- Funérailles --- History --- Rites et cérémonies --- Histoire --- Funeral rites and ceremonies, Medieval --- Death --- Social aspects --- Conferences - Meetings --- Funérailles --- Rites et cérémonies --- Dying --- End of life --- Life --- Terminal care --- Terminally ill --- Thanatology --- Medieval funeral rites and ceremonies --- Philosophy --- Funeral rites and ceremonies [Medieval] --- Congresses --- To 1500 --- Funeral rites and ceremonies, Medieval - History - Congresses --- Death - Social aspects - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Inhumation --- Tombeaux --- Sépulture --- Prestige --- Archéologie médiévale --- France --- Moyen âge
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Stereotypes (Social psychology) --- Colonies --- Stéréotypes --- Relations --- Anthropology --- Body, Human --- Ethnology --- Racism --- Reality television programs. --- Exhibitions. --- Social aspects. --- -Body, Human --- -Ethnology --- -Racism --- Reality television programs --- Reality-based television programs --- Reality shows (Television programs) --- Nonfiction television programs --- Bias, Racial --- Race bias --- Race prejudice --- Racial bias --- Prejudices --- Anti-racism --- Race relations --- Cultural anthropology --- Ethnography --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Human beings --- Body image --- Human anatomy --- Human physiology --- Mind and body --- Exhibitions --- Social aspects --- Human body --- Racism. --- Stéréotypes --- Critical race theory --- Primitive societies --- Anthropology - Exhibitions. --- Body, Human - Social aspects. --- Ethnology - Exhibitions. --- Social sciences
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Internationalement reconnu pour ses travaux sur la religion et la société grecques antiques, Pierre Brulé ne cesse de déconstruire le « miracle grec » en s'intéressant tout d'abord à ses marges, ses fractures, ses ombres. Les études rassemblées dans cet ouvrage s'inscrivent dans cette perspective en proposant de nouvelles approches, essentiellement dans trois domaines : l'histoire des femmes, l'histoire religieuse et l'histoire du corps. Ces trois domaines bien évidemment se recoupent, et l'analyse de la participation des femmes aux rituels et aux fêtes religieuses grecques, que ce soit à Athènes, à Olympie, à Delphes, ou bien encore dans les Lois de Platon, est complétée par l'étude d'associations, de magistrats, de l'usage du fouet… qui sont autant de manières de mettre en lumière comment les cités intégraient et contrôlaient leurs membres, quels que soient leur genre, leur identité, leur statut, n'hésitant pas à recourir à la violence s'il le fallait. De même, les réflexions proposées sur la médecine, les vêtements, les offrandes sacrificielles et le polythéisme, à partir de la prise en compte de mythes, de représentations, des noms des dieux, permettent de nouveau de modifier le regard porté sur le monde antique, en accordant bien souvent une place toute particulière au féminin. Ce refus des idées convenues, ce souci de donner la parole à ceux que les sources ont généralement laissé dans l'ombre, cette attention portée tout autant aux faits les plus concrets qu'à l'imaginaire, témoignent ainsi du renouvellement actuel de l'histoire de l'Antiquité, dont Pierre Brulé est, Chemin faisant, l'un des acteurs importants.
Cults --- Cultes --- Greece --- Grèce --- Civilization --- Social conditions --- Religion. --- Civilisation --- Conditions sociales --- Religion --- Women --- Women and religion --- Human body --- Religious life --- Mythology --- Attitudes --- Brulé, Pierre --- Social life and customs --- Social conditions. --- Attitudes. --- Brulé, Pierre. --- Social life and customs. --- Festschrift - Libri Amicorum --- Grèce --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Religion and women --- Women in religion --- Sexism in religion --- Body, Human --- Body image --- Human anatomy --- Human physiology --- Mind and body --- Brulé, Pierre. --- Women - Greece - Social conditions --- Women and religion - Greece --- Women - Religious life - Greece --- Women - Mythology - Greece --- Human body - Greece - Attitudes --- Greece - Civilization - To 146 BC --- Greece - Social life and customs --- mythologie grecque --- Antiquité --- histoire hellénique --- rites et cérémonies --- mythe
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