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Dehydrogenases. --- Oxidoreductases

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The dynamic field of flavin and flavoprotein biochemistry has seen rapid advancement in recent years. This comprehensive two volume set provides an overview of all aspects of contemporary research in this important class of enzymes. Topics treated include flavoproteins involved in energy generation, signal transduction and electron transfer (including respiration); oxygen activation by flavoproteins; the biology and biochemistry of complex flavoproteins; flavin and flavoprotein photochemistry/photophysics as well as biotechnological applications of flavoproteins. Recent developments in this field include new structures (including those of large membrane-integral electron transfer complexes containing FMN or FAD), elucidation of the role of flavoproteins in cell signalling pathways (including both phototaxis and the circadian cycle) and important new insights into the reaction mechanisms of flavin-containing enzymes. This volume focusing on complex flavoproteins and physical methods is an essential reference for all researchers in biochemistry, chemistry, photochemistry and photophysics working on flavoenzymes.

Flavoproteins. --- Oxidoreductases. --- Biochemistry. --- Flavin. --- Photochemistry. --- Photophysics.

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Superoxide dismutase. --- Cerebrocuprein --- Erythrocuprein --- Hemocuprein --- Manganese enzymes --- Oxidoreductases

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle crucial to many cellular functions and processes, including the mounting of T-cell immune responses. Indeed, the ER has a well-established central role in anti-tumor immunity. Perhaps best characterized is the role of the ER in the processing of antigen peptides and the subsequent peptide assembly into MHC class I and II molecules. Such MHC/tumor-derived peptide complexes are pivotal for the correct recognition of altered self or viral peptides and the subsequent clonal expansion of tumor-reactive T-cells. In line with the role of the ER in immunity, tumor-associated mutations in ER proteins, as well as ER protein content and localization can have both deleterious and advantageous effects on anti-tumor immune responses. For instance, loss of function of ER-aminopeptidases, that trim peptides to size for MHC, alter the MHC class I - peptide repertoire thereby critically and negatively affecting T-cell recognition. On the other hand, altered localization of ER proteins can have immune-promoting effects. Specifically, translocation of certain ER proteins to the cell surface has been shown to promote anti-tumor T-cell immunity by directing uptake of apoptotic tumor cells to professional antigen presenting cells, thereby facilitating anti-tumor T-cell immunity. These selected examples highlight a diverse and multi-faceted role of the ER in anti-tumor immunity. Molecular biological insights from the past decade have uncovered that ER components may affect tumor immunity and have invoked a variety of follow-up questions. For instance, how and why are ER proteins over-expressed in tumors? How do nucleotide and somatic mutations in ER chaperones/processing machinery affect the MHC/peptide complex and tumor cell immunogenicity? How do ER-proteins translocate to the cell surface? What if any is the potential role of extracellular ER protein in tumor immunotherapy/vaccines, and can they be delivered to the tumor cell surface by photodynamic therapy, anthracyclines or by other means? In this special research topics issue, we welcome basic and clinical research reports covering all aspects of ER proteins in cancer recognition by the immune system, therapy and drug development. We also welcome reports describing new insights into ER stress, signalling and homeostasis in immunogenic cell death in cancer, the effect of parasitic ER proteins on tumour growth, ER protein regulation of angiogenesis. Submission of original research articles, perspective, reviews and topical comments is encouraged. We aim to provide a comprehensive series of articles that will aid our understanding in a new and exiting avenue of tumour immunology and therapeutic development, exploiting a collection of proteins within the ER that are not obvious candidates for immunity to tumors.

Endoplasmic reticulum. --- Tumors --- Immunology. --- Oncology. --- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. --- Immunological aspects. --- Autoimmunity --- Angiogenesis --- T-cell receptors --- genome damage --- phage display --- Aminopeptidases --- Grp170 --- Oxidoreductases --- Vaccines --- chaperones

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Springer Handbook of Enzymes provides data on enzymes sufficiently well characterized. It offers concise and complete descriptions of some 5,000 enzymes and their application areas. Data sheets are arranged in their EC-Number sequence and the volumes themselves are arranged according to enzyme classes. This new, second edition reflects considerable progress in enzymology: many enzymes are newly classified or reclassified. Each entry is correlated with references and one or more source organisms. New datafields are created: application and engineering (for the properties of enzymes where the sequence has been changed). The total amount of material contained in the Handbook has more than doubled so that the complete second edition consists of 39 volumes as well as a Synonym Index. In addition, starting in 2009, all newly classified enzymes are treated in Supplement Volumes. Springer Handbook of Enzymes is an ideal source of information for researchers in biochemistry, biotechnology, organic and analytical chemistry, and food sciences, as well as for medicinal applications.

Oxidoreductases. --- Enzymes --- Biocatalysts --- Ferments --- Soluble ferments --- Catalysts --- Proteins --- Enzymology --- Enzymes. --- Biochemistry. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Biotechnology. --- Food science. --- Enzymology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Food Science. --- Science --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Analytic biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Composition --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry. --- Food—Biotechnology. --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis