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This open access book reports on innovative methods, technologies and strategies for mastering uncertainty in technical systems. Despite the fact that current research on uncertainty is mainly focusing on uncertainty quantification and analysis, this book gives emphasis to innovative ways to master uncertainty in engineering design, production and product usage alike. It gathers authoritative contributions by more than 30 scientists reporting on years of research in the areas of engineering, applied mathematics and law, thus offering a timely, comprehensive and multidisciplinary account of theories and methods for quantifying data, model and structural uncertainty, and of fundamental strategies for mastering uncertainty. It covers key concepts such as robustness, flexibility and resilience in detail. All the described methods, technologies and strategies have been validated with the help of three technical systems, i.e. the Modular Active Spring-Damper System, the Active Air Spring and the 3D Servo Press, which have been in turn developed and tested during more than ten years of cooperative research. Overall, this book offers a timely, practice-oriented reference guide to graduate students, researchers and professionals dealing with uncertainty in the broad field of mechanical engineering.

Technical design --- Operational research --- Stochastic Data Uncertainty --- Model Uncertainty --- Structural Uncertainty --- Robust Optimization Under Uncertainty --- Adaptive Technical Systems --- Optimal Design of Technical Systems --- Resilient Technical Systems --- Robust Design --- Product Design Under Uncertainty --- Visualization of Uncertainty --- Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 805 --- Fluid Dynamic Vibration Absorber --- 3D Servo Press --- Active Air Spring --- Active/Semi-Active Systems --- Increasing Flexibility in Manufacturing --- Open Access Book

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This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis. Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result, the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.

Urban & municipal planning --- Social issues & processes --- Economic geography --- Sociology: work & labour --- Human geography --- Population & demography --- Urban Geography / Urbanism (inc. megacities, cities, towns) --- Social Structure, Social Inequality --- Economic Geography --- Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology --- Human Geography --- Demography --- Urban Geography and Urbanism --- Social Structure --- Economic Sociology --- Population and Demography --- Socio-Economic Segregation --- Residential Segregation --- Dissimiliarity Index --- Income Inequality --- Occupational Categories --- Socio-Economic Groups --- GINI-index --- Large Cities / Metropoles --- Neighbourhood Change --- Open Access Book --- Social & ethical issues

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This open access book is the proceedings of the International Federation for IT and Travel & Tourism (IFITT)’s 28th Annual International eTourism Conference, which assembles the latest research presented at the ENTER21@yourplace virtual conference January 19–22, 2021. This book advances the current knowledge base of information and communication technologies and tourism in the areas of social media and sharing economy, technology including AI-driven technologies, research related to destination management and innovations, COVID-19 repercussions, and others. Readers will find a wealth of state-of-the-art insights, ideas, and case studies on how information and communication technologies can be applied in travel and tourism as we encounter new opportunities and challenges in an unpredictable world.

Tourism. --- Management. --- Information technology. --- Business—Data processing. --- Environmental management. --- Culture—Economic aspects. --- Tourism Management. --- IT in Business. --- Environmental Management. --- Cultural Economics. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- IT (Information technology) --- Technology --- Telematics --- Information superhighway --- Knowledge management --- Administration --- Industrial relations --- Organization --- Holiday industry --- Operators, Tour (Industry) --- Tour operators (Industry) --- Tourism --- Tourism industry --- Tourism operators (Industry) --- Tourist industry --- Tourist trade --- Tourist traffic --- Travel industry --- Visitor industry --- Service industries --- National tourism organizations --- Travel --- Economic aspects --- Tourism Management --- IT in Business --- Environmental Management --- Cultural Economics --- Open access book --- Augmented reality in tourism --- Virtual reality tourism --- ICT for tourism --- Smart tourism --- IFITT --- ENTER conference --- Hospitality, leisure & tourism industries --- Business mathematics & systems --- Business applications --- Environmental management, --- Economics

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This open access book focuses on Switzerland-based medium-sized companies with a longstanding export tradition and a proven dominance in global niche markets. Based upon in-depth documentation and analysis of 36 Swiss companies over their entire history, an expert team of authors presents several parallels in the pathways and success factors which allowed these firms to become dominant and operate from a high-cost location such as Switzerland. The book enhances these insights by providing detailed company profiles documenting the company history, development, and how their relevant global niche positions were reached. Readers will benefit from these profiles as they compile a diverse selection of industries, mainly active within the B2B sector, with mostly mature companies (60 years to older than 100 years since founding) and different types of ownership structures including family firms. ‘Masterpieces of Swiss Entrepreneurship’ brings unique learning opportunities to owners and leaders of SMEs in Switzerland and elsewhere. Findings are based on detailed bottom-up research of 36 companies -- without any preconceived notions. The book is both conceptual and practical. It fosters understanding for different choices in development pathways and management practices. Matti Alahuhta, Chairman DevCo Partners, ex-CEO Kone, Board member of several global listed companies, Helsinki, Finland Start-up entrepreneurs need proven models from industry which demonstrate the various paths to success. “Masterpieces of Swiss Entrepreneurship” provides deep insights highlighting these models and the important trade-offs entrepreneurial teams must consider when choosing the path of high growth or of maximum control, as they are often mutually exclusive. Gina Domanig, Managing Partner, Emerald Technology Ventures, Zurich ;

Klein- und Mittelbetrieb --- Unternehmenserfolg --- Entrepreneurship --- Schweiz --- Business Strategy/Leadership --- Family Business --- International Business --- Management --- Open access book --- Competitiveness of Swiss SMEs --- Export strategies of swiss companies --- SME export strategy --- Swiss family enterprises --- Swiss founders and entrepreneurs --- B2B market leaders in Switzerland --- Management field research --- Stakeholder management --- Innovation and intellectual property in Switzerland --- Leveraging competencies --- Cost competitiveness --- Quality engineering --- Business strategy --- Small businesses & self-employed --- Business & Management --- Unternehmertum --- Unternehmer --- Wirtschaftliches Verhalten --- Unternehmensgründung --- Unternehmerverhalten --- Unternehmen --- Erfolg --- Unternehmensergebnis --- Kleinbetrieb --- Kleinunternehmen --- Mittelbetrieb --- Mittelständischer Betrieb --- Mittelständisches Unternehmen --- Mittelstand --- SME --- KMU --- Kleines und Mittleres Unternehmen --- Small and Medium Enterprises --- Small Business --- Kleine Aktiengesellschaft --- Kleinstbetrieb --- Suisse --- Switzerland --- Helvetia --- Helvetien --- Eidgenossenschaft --- Svizzera --- Confédération Suisse --- Confederazione Helvetica --- Confederazione Federale --- Confédération Helvétique --- Confederaziun Svizra --- Svájci Hozzájárulás --- Svizzra --- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft --- Confederazione Svizzera --- Confoederatio Helvetica --- Swiss Confederation --- Svizra --- Suiza --- Confederación helvética --- Confédération helvétique --- Confederazione elvetica --- Confédération suisse --- Confederazione helvetica --- Helvetische Republik --- Schweytzerlandt --- Schweytz --- Schweitz --- Schweizer-Land --- Eydgenoschafft --- Eydgnosschaft --- Eydgnossschafft --- Eydgnoßschafft --- Eydgenossenschafft --- Eidgnossschafft --- Helvetische Eidgenossschaft --- Hélvetie --- Schwiz --- Switz --- Corpus helveticum --- Schweizer

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This open access textbook provides a concise introduction to economic approaches and mathematical methods for the study of water allocation and distribution problems. Written in an accessible and straightforward style, it discusses and analyzes central issues in integrated water resource management, water tariffs, water markets, and transboundary water management. By illustrating the interplay between the hydrological cycle and the rules and institutions that govern today’s water allocation policies, the authors develop a modern perspective on water management. Moreover, the book presents an in-depth assessment of the political and ethical dimensions of water management and its institutional embeddedness, by discussing distribution issues and issues of the enforceability of human rights in managing water resources. Given its scope, the book will appeal to advanced undergraduate and graduate students of economics and engineering, as well as practitioners in the water sector, seeking a deeper understanding of economic approaches to the study of water management.

Natural resources. --- Environmental management. --- Water pollution. --- Natural Resource and Energy Economics. --- Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- National resources --- Natural resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Economic aspects --- Water-supply --- Eau --- Gestion de l'environnement. --- Economic aspects. --- Management. --- Distribution --- Aspect économique. --- Gestion. --- Natural Resource and Energy Economics --- Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution --- Environmental Economics --- Water --- Water economics --- Sustainable water management --- Water engineering --- Hydro-economic models --- Affordable water tariffs --- Eco-hydrology --- Human rights to water --- Water recycling --- Open Access book --- Climate change --- Environmental economics --- Environmental management, --- Water supply & treatment --- Energy industries & utilities --- Power resources. --- Water. --- Hydrology. --- Pollution. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Aquatic sciences --- Earth sciences --- Hydrography --- Hydrology --- Energy --- Energy resources --- Power supply --- Energy harvesting --- Energy industries --- Environmental aspects