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Industrielle Produktions- und Verbrennungsprozesse stellen nach wie vor wesentliche Emissionsquellen für Luftschadstoffe und Treibhausgase dar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird daher ein Ansatz zur modellgestützten Analyse umweltpolitischer Instrumente hinsichtlich ihrer Auswirkungen auf sozio-ökonomische und ökologische Kenngrößen im Bereich der industriellen Produktion entwickelt und angewandt. Dazu wird ein dynamisches Input-Output-Modell mit einem akteursbasierten Ansatz gekoppelt.
Luftreinhaltung --- Klimawandel --- Systemmodellierung --- Umweltökonomie --- Input-Output-Modell
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Thijs ten Raa, author of the acclaimed text The Economics of Input-Output Analysis, now takes the reader to the forefront of the field. This volume collects and unifies his and his co-authors' research papers on national accounting, Input-Output coefficients, economic theory, dynamic models, stochastic analysis, and performance analysis. The research is driven by the task to analyze national economies. The final part of the book scrutinizes the emerging Asian economies in the light of international competition. Sample Chapter(s)
Introduction (45 KB)
Chapter 1: National Ac
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Sustainability. --- Sustainable development. --- Input-output analysis.
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Des travaux de Wassily Leontief, on retient surtout ses tableaux entrées-sorties (TES), les célèbres TES de la comptabilité nationale, en oubliant l'ambition scientifique au service de laquelle ils avaient été conçus. Développé à Harvard dans les années 1930, le TES est un élément dans un dispositif scientifique visant à faire de l'économie une science empirique. Il est une matrice comptable associée à un modèle mathématique de l'équilibre économique général. Ce dispositif est conçu comme une alternative à l'économétrie que Leontief considère mal équipée pour résoudre le problème de l'association de la théorie à la mesure statistique. C'est qu'en économie, selon l'expression d'Alain Desrosières, le mariage entre la théorie et les statistiques est tardif et que le branchement ne va pas de soi. Cet essai présente d'abord la méthodologie économique de Leontief et montre comment elle s'insère dans les grands débats épistémologiques de la discipline jusqu'à aujourd'hui. L'ouvrage propose ensuite une réédition de l'article de Leontief « Les mathématiques et la science économique » (1954). In Europe, Wassily Leontief is remembered mainly for his input-output tables, which are considered a useful tool for national accounting. However, the scientific project which led to the development of IOTs has been ignored. IOTs were developed by Leontief at Harvard in the 1930s, as a component of a scientific scheme designed to make economics a genuine empirical science. IOTs were, indeed, conceived as an accounting matrix twinned with a mathematical model of general economic equilibrium. The scheme was designed as an alternative to econometrics, as Leontief considered the latter ill-equipped to link economic theory with statistical measurement. As Alain Desrosières once stated, in economics, the "marriage" between economic theory and statistics was slow to emerge and the connection was not straightforward.
Economics. --- Input-output analysis. --- Leontief, Wassily W.,
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The Great Plains of North America is a major global breadbasket but its agriculture is stressed by drought, heat spells, damaging winds, soil erosion and declining ground water resources. The great inter-annual variability in crop production and declining rural populations weaken an economy already highly dependent upon government support. The region’s ecological fragility and economic weakness is attributed by many to removal of its original grass cover. Abandonment of agricultural cropping and restoration of the grass cover is one proposed solution to the region’s problems. Simulation models suggest that the agriculture and water resources of the Plains may be stressed even further as its climate changes because of global warming, which is due primarily to the emissions of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion. This book explores the possibility that the ecology and economy of the Plains region (and similar regions) would benefit from the introduction of perennial biomass crops. Biomass production and processing on the Plains (possibly aided by genetic engineering) would partially restore a perennial vegetative cover and create new employment opportunities. Biomass also offers a means of reducing fossil fuel use, providing fuel to local power plants and a feedstock for production of cellulosic ethanol, a gasoline substitute. Interest in biofuels is growing rapidly in public, political and business circles with rising fossil fuel prices and because of a growing recognition of the need for energy independence in petroleum importing countries.
Sustainable agriculture --- Biomass --- Mass (Physics) --- Biology --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture
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In a world increasingly challenged by the need to integrate and understand highly specialized knowledge in a multidisciplinary way, this book is innovative and perhaps unique in addressing this challenge. It focuses on ideas, strategies, techniques and practices spanning many disciplines at the interface of agriculture with: forestry, horticulture, plant physiology, genetics, ecology, soil science, food science, economics, and the social and environmental sciences as delivered by intensified and enriched agroforestry. Multifunctional Agriculture addresses this complexity, using case studies and insights from the needs of African farmers whose livelihoods are constrained by complex interactions between social, environmental and economic factors and problems underlying agricultural sustainability in Africa. This book, therefore, provides an important resource for those trying to understand the role of agriculture in the achievement of the new Sustainable Development Goals by providing easily implementable, practical and effective methodologies and practices. Provides a single-source, comprehensive insight into agroforestry/ multifunctional agriculture, it's potential, challenges, and progress Helps readers understand and assess potential opportunity through implementation Includes case studies and real-world insights that address common situations and the practical application of best practices Explores the role of multi-functional agriculture in mitigating climate change impacts, providing value-story beyond crop production
Agroforestry --- Sustainable agriculture --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture --- Agro-forestry --- Forests and forestry --- Tree crops
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agriculture --- sustanability --- development --- Sustainable agriculture --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture --- Sustainable agriculture.
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agronomy --- agroindustry --- forestry --- environmental sciences --- agriculture --- Sustainable agriculture --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture
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