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Dyneins: Structure, Biology and Disease, Second Edition, offers a broad view of dyneins mechanics, dysfunction, and disease, providing an overview of dyneins from structure and function, to dysfunction and disease. Since the first edition, enormous strides have been taken in understanding dynein structure, its organization in the axoneme, single molecule motor mechanics, and the consequences of defects for human biology, disease, and development. To account for these enormous strides, the second edition is extensively revised. Additionally, the coverage has expanded from 24 to 42 chapters, and is now housed in two volumes. Much of the expanded coverage occurs in Volume 2 which focuses on dynein dysfunction and disease, such as the role of dynein and cancer. Volume 1 covers the history and evolution of dyneins, dyneins in ciliary biology, and cytoplasmic dynein biology, while Volume 2 covers the structure and mechanics of dynein motors and dynein dysfunction and disease. Presents a broad-based and up-to date view of dynein mechanics, dysfunction, and diseaseContains approaches from genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics discussedProvides companion website with movies of dynamic cell behaviorIncludes extensive chapters written by leading, global experts.

Cytoskeletal proteins. --- Dynein.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

myofilament proteins --- cytoskeletal proteins --- nucleoskeletal proteins --- mutations --- myocyte signaling --- gene expression

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Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis is a compilation of recent exciting findings that summarizes the ever-expanding knowledge of how neuronal contacts develop in the normal brain and how their functions are affected in mental disorders. In the last decade, advances in molecular and cellular biology, combined with the development of sophisticated fluorescence microscopy tools to visualize synapses in live neurons, have revealed many intriguing and unexpected findings regarding the dynamics of synapse formation. Studies by a number of researchers have identified several critical protein components of synapses and shown the time course of their arrival at the synapse. Several molecules serve to hold the synaptic contacts between nerve cells and regulate their function. Imbalance in synaptic contact formation and function has been linked to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, autism and mental retardation. The recent advances in basic research, summarized in Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis, may lay the necessary scientific groundwork to develop treatments targeting synaptogenesis, allowing us to improve the lives of people affected by brain disorders. This book will be an invaluable resource for neurobiologists taking their first steps in the expanding and exciting field of synaptogenesis.

Neural transmission. --- Synapses. --- Neurotransmitters. --- Cytoskeletal proteins. --- Presynaptic receptors. --- Neurotransmitter receptors --- Structural proteins --- Proteins --- Chemical nerve transmitters --- Nerve transmitter substances --- Neural transmitters --- Neurohumors --- Neuroregulators --- Synaptic transmitters --- Transmitters, Chemical nerve --- Transmitters, Synaptic --- Neurochemistry --- Neural transmission --- Nerve endings --- Nerves --- Neural circuitry --- Synaptosomes --- Nerve transmission --- Nervous transmission --- Neurotransmission --- Synaptic transmission --- Transmission of nerve impulses --- Neurophysiology --- Neurotransmitters --- Neurosciences. --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system

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A recent review of one of my grant applications commented on the ‘rediscovery of tropomyosin’. I was tempted to write back in my rebuttal to the reviewer that I didn’t realise it had been lost. Uncharacteristic maturity prevailed and I resisted the temptation, but I was struck by the underlying observation that research on the str- ture and function of tropomyosin has been somewhat invisible, particularly in terms of the cytoskeleton isoforms. So, how can it be that one of the two major components of the actin filament has been so thoroughly overlooked? I suspect that the answer is disappointingly pedestrian. Whereas the biochemistry of the 1980s revealed the potential of tropomyosin isoforms to diversify the function of actin filaments, the subsequent disenchantment with isoform biology in general in the 1990s inhibited growth of this field. With the development of more sophisticated experimental - proaches we are now seeing a growing realisation of the importance of tropomyosin in regulating actin filaments beyond its pivotal role in muscle contraction. The opportunity to edit this book came at a time when we had written several reviews on different aspects of tropomyosin function and I had just finished the background reading for a comprehensive review of tropomyosin biology. I realised that the field was simply beyond the capacity of any one person to do the field j- tice.

Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Medicine. --- Médecine --- Tropomyosin. --- Tropomyosins. --- Tropomyosins --- Tropomyosin --- Microfilament Proteins --- Muscle Proteins --- Cytoskeletal Proteins --- Biopolymers --- Contractile Proteins --- Proteins --- Polymers --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Macromolecular Substances --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Animal Biochemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Microfilament proteins --- Muscle proteins --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.

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reviews. The SAR data are discussed in light of the structural information available for each agent. The second chapter focuses on the total synthesis of the marine sponge-derived polyketide discodermolide. A comprehensive survey of the synthetic chemistry efforts of several groups over a 14-year period is provided together with a comparison of the different approaches. The third chapter describes a comprehensive study of the mechanisms of activity of microtubules stabilizing drugs. Thermodynamic, kinetic, structural and functional data on microtubules stabilizing drugs are discussed in an interdisciplinary manner to generate a “time-resolved” picture of the interaction of the drugs with different tubulin forms. The fourth and fifth chapters review the efforts and achievements made in the characterization of the structure of the complexes of tubulin with microtubules stabilizing agents by NMR (Chapter 4) and EM (Chapter 5). Especially evident is the discrepancy of the results obtained for epothilones, where the two techniques deliver radically different structures of the bound drug. Both NMR and EM models are, however, able to explain a consistent set of SAR data. The authors of the two chapters discuss critically the advantages and limitations of each methodology.

Tubulins --- Stabilizing agents --- Microtubules --- Chemistry --- Tubulin --- Nerve Tissue Proteins --- Microtubule Proteins --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Cytoskeleton --- Proteins --- Cytoplasmic Structures --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Cytoskeletal Proteins --- Biopolymers --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Cytoplasm --- Polymers --- Macromolecular Substances --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Intracellular Space --- Cellular Structures --- Cells --- Anatomy --- Animal Biochemistry --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Chemical Engineering --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Microtubules. --- Stabilizing agents. --- Tubulins. --- Agents, Stabilizing --- Stabilizers (Chemistry) --- Cytotubules --- Microtubule proteins --- Chemistry. --- Cancer research. --- Analytical chemistry. --- Organic chemistry. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Biochemistry. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cancer Research. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Chemicals --- Cell organelles --- Oncology. --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Analytic biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Organic chemistry --- Tumors --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Composition --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis --- Cancer research --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry