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Crowdfunding as an entrepreneurial phenomenon substitutes traditional sources of finance (banks, financial markets, governments) for the crowd. Socially and economically, it is challenging the traditional boundaries that have been set for centuries between industry, the financial sector, and the public. Though its basic principle cannot be considered as a radical innovation, crowdfunding as a rapidly growing practice calls for renewed management, legal, and governance patterns. Descriptive inquiries on "how to do it" are multiplying but crowdfunding remains a fuzzy subject for research and reflexivity. This book gathers the best recent research outcomes on the managerial and social impact of this new practice. The need for theory is three-fold, for both scholars and practitioners. Positive theory is needed to understand how projects are organised, how (and why) they may succeed or fail and how governments consider this new practice and try to regulate it. Normative theory can provide templates and "recipes" to develop projects, and provide advice on which models are more efficient. Finally, critical theory is needed to consider the social and economic impact of crowdfunding.

E-books --- Crowd funding --- Venture capital --- Crowd funding. --- Crowd financing --- Crowdfunding --- Finance --- Risk capital --- Seed capital --- Capital --- Small business --- Small business investment companies --- Business & Economics, Crowdfunding. --- Finance.

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The purpose of this book is to describe how an established technology company or an entrepreneur can use crowdfunding to raise capital from accredited investors. The book is targeted to small private technology companies, usually with less than 10 employees, and with more than 3 years of operational experience. Within the category of equity crowdfunding, there is a sub-category called "accredited investor" crowdfunding, characterized by investments made by investors who expect a profit, and generally will continue to support the enterprise over a longer period of time than the venture capitalist. Generally, the goal for the amount raised would be around 1 million. As is the case for most of the Reg D capital raised in 2012, the use of the capital is for business growth and expansion, in such items as new staff, sales and marketing, and new capital equipment. From a technological point of view, the capital would generally be used to improve an existing product or service, called a sustaining innovation. The book covers the steps and executive or entrepreneur follows to prepare and execute a crowdfunding project. It provides a detailed analysis of the 10 accredited investor crowdfunding websites currently in operation. This book is not about donor-based crowdfunding, or its near cousin, non-accredited investor crowdfunding. This book is intended for CEOs of technology companies and technology entrepreneurs who would like to learn more about this new technique of raising capital. The chapters are organized along the chronology of events the executive encounters in raising capital. Introduction to Accredited Investor CrowdFunding Chapter 1. The Current Political and Legal Status of Accredited Investor Crowdfunding Accredited Chapter 2. The Location of Accredited Investor Crowdfunding in the Universe of Private Capital Markets Chapter 3. A Brief History Of Crowdfunding Chapter 4. Overview of The Reg D Rule 506(c) Crowdfunding Websites Chapter 5. Getting The Company Ready To Raise Crowdfunding Capital Chapter 6. Finding Accredited Investors: The New Internet Pull Marketing Chapter 7. Managing The Accredited Investor Crowdfunding Project Chapter 8. The Risks and Legal Issues of Accredited Investor Crowdfunding for the CEO and the Company Chapter 9. The Costs to Raise Crowdfunding Capital Chapter 10. Your Next Raise: The Future of AccreditedInvestor Crowdfunding Chapter 11. The CEO's Essential Tools for Managing An Accredited Investor Crowdfunding Project Author_Bio: About Thomas Vass: Thomas Vass is a regional economist and portfolio manager with a research interest in the relationship between regional technological innovation, regional capital markets and regional economic growth. He is the author of Predicting Technology: Identifying Future Market Opportunities and Disruptive Technologies (GABBY Press, 2014). He is currently ranked in the top 1.7% of 250,000 economists, worldwide, for article downloads on the global platform Social Science Research Network (SSRN). He is the holder of a patent on technology stock selection. (Vass 7,251,627 July 31, 2007, Method of identifying a universe of stocks for inclusion into an investment portfolio), and the manager of a subscription based equity crowdfunding website, The Private Capital Market. He is the producer and host of a new internet connected television channel called The Private Capital News Network. Keywords: Crowdfunding, Venture Capital, Raising Capital, Private Equity, Private Placement, Accredited Investors

High technology industries --- Small business --- Crowd funding --- Crowd financing --- Crowdfunding --- Finance --- E-books --- Business --- Business & Economics

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This extraordinary book, written by leading players in a burgeoning technology revolution, is about the merger of finance and technology (fintech), and covers its various aspects and how they impact each discipline within the financial services industry. It is an honest and direct analysis of where each segment of financial services will stand. Fintech: The New DNA of Financial Services provides an in-depth introduction to understanding the various areas of fintech and terminology such as AI, big data, robo-advisory, blockchain, cryptocurrency, InsurTech, cloud computing, crowdfunding and many more. Contributions from fintech innovators discuss banking, insurance and investment management applications, as well as the legal and human resource implications of fintech in the future.

Financial services industry --- Technological innovations. --- Technological innovations --- E-books --- AI. --- Automation. --- Blockchain. --- Crowdfunding. --- Cyberassets. --- Data science. --- Fintech. --- Health-tech. --- Insure-tech. --- Regulation. --- Startup. --- Wealthtech.

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This book discusses the concepts, types, models, and patterns of Japan’s Hometown Tax Donation Payment system, to provide a clear picture of this newly developed unique and innovative fund-raising tool used by municipalities. It also sheds light on the influences that reciprocal gifts provided by each municipality to donors have on local economies by reviewing empirical works and surveys targeting local business owners and local financial institutions. A distinguishing feature of the book is that it introduces a new social finance mechanism that is unique to the Japanese market and could provide policy implications for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as regional development. Furthermore, the book explores the efficacy of the demand–pull approach to support-strengthening SMEs, especially in rural areas. Finally, the book identifies some lessons learned from the system with a view toward advancing research on this phenomenon and making the system efficient and sustainable. As a whole, the book can provide ample benefits to novices, academics, researchers, and policymakers interested in Hometown Tax Donation Payment, an innovative social finance tool. This is an open access book.

International business --- Entrepreneurship --- Small businesses & self-employed --- Purchasing & supply management --- Public administration --- Hometown Tax Donation Payment --- Local Tax Benefits at a Distance --- Furusato Nouzei or Furusato Nozei --- Japan’s Crowdfunding --- Regional Development --- Local Municipality --- Open Access

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With current infrastructure, meeting the ever-growing demand for electrical energy across the globe is becoming increasingly difficult. The widespread adoption of both commercial and residential non-dispatchable renewable energy facilities, such as solar and wind, further taxes the stability of the electrical grid, often causing traditional fossil fuel power plants to operate at lower efficiency, and with increased carbon emissions. Hydropower, as a proven renewable energy technology, has a significant part to play in the future global electrical power market, especially as increasing demand for electric vehicles will further amplify the need for dispatchable energy sources during peak charging times. Even with more than a century of proven experience, significant opportunities still exist to expand the worldwide hydropower resources and more efficiently utilize existing hydropower installations. Given this context, this Special Issue of Energies intended to present recent developments and advancements in hydropower design and operation. This Special Issue includes five articles, authored by international research teams from Japan, Pakistan, Sweden, Norway, the United States, and China. The authors bring the collective expertise of government research laboratories, university professors, industry research engineers, computer scientists, and economists. The articles explore advancements in hydroturbine and pump-turbine design, power plant operation, auxiliary equipment design to mitigate environmental damage, and an exploration of community-owned small hydropower facilities.

community development --- community ownership --- small hydropower --- SHP --- renewable energy --- crowdfunding --- FIT --- community-based business --- agricultural cooperative --- hydropower --- pumped hydro storage --- low-head --- counter-rotating --- pump-turbine --- transient sequences --- shutdown --- startup --- OpenFOAM --- CFD --- sand trap --- sediment transport --- particle --- multiphase --- hybrid power --- neural networks --- pumped-storage hydro --- solar --- photovoltaic --- pump turbine --- pump mode --- slight opening --- flow deflection --- dynamic meshing technique --- n/a