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The maintenance of optimal musculoskeletal health is increasingly recognized as a key element for promoting overall health and fostering independent living in advanced age. Growing evidence indicates that nutrition, together with an active lifestyle, plays a central role in supporting musculoskeletal health both aging and in the setting of specific disease conditions. This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Nutrition for Musculoskeletal Health”, includes original research and review contributions highlighting the relevance of nutrition to musculoskeletal health during aging and in the context of specific diseases. The overarching theme of the Special Issue is addressed through a multidisciplinary set of articles embracing clinical, basic science, and translational studies.

lactate --- skeletal muscle --- hypertrophy --- regeneration --- muscle satellite cell --- amino acids intake --- essential amino acids --- diet --- extended lifespan --- mice --- bone metabolism --- bone mineral density --- bone remodelling --- citrate supplement --- osteopenia --- osteoporosis --- kidney diseases --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis --- Hochu-ekki-to --- herbal medicine --- muscle dysfunction --- motor neuronal cell death --- sarcopenia --- EWGSOP2 --- malnutrition --- GLIM --- SarcoPhAge --- nutrition --- oral health --- older people --- swallowing --- life course approach --- muscle wasting --- exercise --- kidney disease --- aging --- muscle --- amino acids --- metabolism --- systemic inflammation --- profiling --- biomarkers --- multi-marker --- physical performance --- gut microbiota --- metabolomics --- systems biology --- personalized medicine --- frailty --- precision medicine --- metabolic profiling --- weight loss --- intermittent fasting --- fat loss --- body composition

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Drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics and drug interaction studies have been extensively carried out in order to secure the druggability and safety of new chemical entities throughout the development of new drugs. Recently, drug metabolism and transport by phase II drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, respectively, as well as phase I drug metabolizing enzymes, have been studied. A combination of biochemical advances in the function and regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes and automated analytical technologies are revolutionizing drug metabolism research. There are also potential drug–drug interactions with co-administered drugs due to inhibition and/or induction of drug metabolic enzymes and drug transporters. In addition, drug interaction studies have been actively performed to develop substrate cocktails that do not interfere with each other and a simultaneous analytical method of substrate drugs and their metabolites using a tandem mass spectrometer. This Special Issue has the aim of highlighting current progress in drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, and bioanalysis.

human liver microsomes --- alcohol addiction --- UGT --- ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography --- adalimumab --- procainamide --- LC-MS/MS --- DA-9805 --- paeonol --- LC-QTOF-MS/MS --- YRA-1909 --- chlorogenic acid --- immunoprecipitation --- Eurycoma longifolia --- CYP --- caffeic acid --- rat --- pharmaceutical excipient --- Korean red ginseng extract --- Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract --- bioanalysis --- HPLC-MS/MS --- B6 --- eurycomanone --- bioavailability --- drying technology --- GB3 --- diclofenac --- 129-Glatm1Kul/J --- aglycone --- caffeic acid O-glucuronides --- organic anion transporting polypeptide --- protein precipitation --- metabolic stability --- Fabry disease --- biopharmaceuticals --- imperatorin --- neochlorogenic acid --- gastric ulcer --- saikosaponin a --- hair --- anthraquinone --- acetyl tributyl citrate --- pharmacokinetics --- brain distribution --- mematine --- ethyl glucuronide --- pharmacokinetic --- loxoprofen --- liquid chromatography-quadrupole TOF MS --- glucuronidation --- esomeprazole --- metformin --- cytochrome P450 --- glycoside --- AUDIT score --- protein stability --- efficacy --- LC-HR/MS --- cryptochlorogenic acid --- aceclofenac --- drug interaction --- liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry --- Osthenol --- plasma --- N-acetylprocainamide --- diabetes --- Drugs --- Metabolism. --- Drug metabolism --- Pharmacokinetics

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Catalysts are widely used in a great variety of technologies, providing remarkable efficiency in order to address sustainable energy production, climate change challenges, and to reduce industrial emissions. In the framework of the Environmental Catalysis section promoted by the Catalysts Editorial Office, this Special Issue, entitled “Environmental Friendly Catalysts for Energy and Pollution Control Applications”, comprises novel studies representing the state-of-the-art research for efficient energy generation and industrial emission control based on new environmentally friendly catalyst materials (EFCs). In particular, in this Special Issue (SI), different kinds of catalysts are presented for catalytic solutions, including the reduction of NOx emissions (new zeolite catalyst modified with Pt), the elimination of volatile organic compounds (Co3O4@SiO2 and acidic surface transformed natural zeolite) and the removal of SO2 emissions (through adsorption processes with sodium citrate). Moreover, novel biocatalysts for bioanodes and new functional nanostructured catalysts based on metal–organic framework (MOFs) for different applications are also included. Additionally, articles compiled in this SI are also focused on the improvement of catalytic processes. Thus, selected processes based on activated carbons (modified with titanium dioxide) and optimized Fenton processes for the removal of aqueous organic pollutants or for the inactivation of bacteria are also presented.

photocatalysis --- organic wastewater --- preparation method --- degradation --- characterizations --- hybridization --- exoelectrogen --- biocatalyst --- microenvironment --- porous electrode --- anaerobic --- recalcitrant compounds --- E. coli K12 --- methylene blue --- optimization --- Pareto chart --- perturbation graph --- Pt-based promoter --- CO oxidation --- environmental catalysis --- refinery compliance --- fluid catalytic cracking --- FCC --- sodium citrate --- sodium humate --- SO2 --- absorption --- BaQD --- carbamazepine --- ferric coordination complex --- photo-Fenton --- turbidity --- cyanide --- activated carbon --- titanium dioxide --- composites --- continuous flow --- adsorption --- catalytic ozonation --- Lewis and Brønsted acid sites --- natural zeolite --- reaction mechanism --- toluene --- three-phase modelling --- fixed-bed reactor --- wastewater treatment --- phenol --- granular activated carbon --- Ad/Ox --- volatile organic compounds --- core–shell structures --- spherical polymer templates --- Co3O4 --- Pd-based promoter --- NOx emission --- metal–organic frameworks --- heterogeneous catalysis --- carbon dioxide --- biomass --- hydrogenation --- oxidation --- Fisher-Tropsch

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Tamoxifen. --- Breast --- Breast Neoplasms --- Tamoxifen --- Stilbenes --- Breast Diseases --- Neoplasms by Site --- Skin Diseases --- Neoplasms --- Benzylidene Compounds --- Benzene Derivatives --- Diseases --- Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases --- Hydrocarbons, Aromatic --- Hydrocarbons, Cyclic --- Hydrocarbons --- Organic Chemicals --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Oncology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Hydrocarbon --- Saturated Hydrocarbons --- Unsaturated Hydrocarbons --- Hydrocarbons, Saturated --- Hydrocarbons, Unsaturated --- Cyclic Hydrocarbons --- Hydrocarbons, Polycyclic --- Polycyclic Hydrocarbons --- Aromatic Hydrocarbon --- Aromatic Hydrocarbons --- Hydrocarbon, Aromatic --- Derivatives, Benzene --- Benzene --- Benzylidene Compound --- Benzylidene Derivative --- Benzylidene Derivatives --- Phenylmethylene Derivative --- Phenylmethylene Derivatives --- Compound, Benzylidene --- Compounds, Benzylidene --- Derivative, Benzylidene --- Derivative, Phenylmethylene --- Derivatives, Benzylidene --- Derivatives, Phenylmethylene --- Benign Neoplasms --- Malignancy --- Malignant Neoplasms --- Neoplasia --- Neoplasm --- Neoplasms, Benign --- Cancer --- Tumors --- Benign Neoplasm --- Cancers --- Malignancies --- Malignant Neoplasm --- Neoplasias --- Neoplasm, Benign --- Neoplasm, Malignant --- Neoplasms, Malignant --- Tumor --- Medical Oncology --- Dermatosis --- Dermatoses --- Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders --- Skin Disease --- Dermatology --- Neoplasms by Sites --- Site, Neoplasm --- Sites, Neoplasm --- Neoplasm Site --- Neoplasm Sites --- Endocrine Breast Diseases --- Breast Disease --- Breast Disease, Endocrine --- Breast Diseases, Endocrine --- Disease, Breast --- Disease, Endocrine Breast --- Diseases, Breast --- Diseases, Endocrine Breast --- Endocrine Breast Disease --- Stilbene --- Stilbene Derivative --- Stilbene Derivatives --- Stilbenoid --- Stilbenoids --- Derivative, Stilbene --- Derivatives, Stilbene --- Allylbenzene Derivatives --- Breast Carcinoma --- Cancer of the Breast --- Human Mammary Carcinoma --- Malignant Neoplasm of Breast --- Malignant Tumor of Breast --- Mammary Cancer --- Mammary Carcinoma, Human --- Mammary Neoplasm, Human --- Mammary Neoplasms, Human --- Neoplasms, Breast --- Tumors, Breast --- Breast Cancer --- Breast Tumors --- Cancer of Breast --- Breast Carcinomas --- Breast Malignant Neoplasm --- Breast Malignant Neoplasms --- Breast Malignant Tumor --- Breast Malignant Tumors --- Breast Neoplasm --- Breast Tumor --- Cancer, Breast --- Cancer, Mammary --- Cancers, Mammary --- Carcinoma, Breast --- Carcinoma, Human Mammary --- Carcinomas, Breast --- Carcinomas, Human Mammary --- Human Mammary Carcinomas --- Human Mammary Neoplasm --- Human Mammary Neoplasms --- Mammary Cancers --- Mammary Carcinomas, Human --- Neoplasm, Breast --- Neoplasm, Human Mammary --- Neoplasms, Human Mammary --- Tumor, Breast --- Breast Cancer Lymphedema --- ICI-46,474 --- ICI-46474 --- ICI-47699 --- Nolvadex --- Novaldex --- Soltamox --- Tamoxifen Citrate --- Tomaxithen --- Zitazonium --- Citrate, Tamoxifen --- ICI 46,474 --- ICI 46474 --- ICI 47699 --- ICI46,474 --- ICI46474 --- ICI47699 --- Antineoplastic agents --- Ethylamines --- Selective estrogen receptor modulators --- Organic Chemical --- Chemical, Organic --- Chemicals, Organic --- Chemoprevention. --- drug therapy. --- therapeutic use. --- prevention & control. --- analogs & derivatives --- Breast Neoplasms. --- Stilbenes. --- Breast Diseases. --- Neoplasms by Site. --- Skin Diseases. --- Neoplasms. --- Benzylidene Compounds. --- Benzene Derivatives. --- Disease. --- Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases. --- Hydrocarbons, Aromatic. --- Hydrocarbons, Cyclic. --- Hydrocarbons. --- Organic Chemicals.

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Herbal and plant extracts show diverse activities and have been used for centuries as natural medicines for many health problems and diseases. Through the isolation and analysis of the compounds in the extracts, it is possible to understand why the extracts exhibit those activities, as well as the chemical metabolism of compounds that occur in plants and herbs. Recently, there have been increasing attempts to develop herbal and plant extracts into functional foods and drugs, but the legal requirements are becoming stricter. We need sophisticatedly defined extracts through the isolation and analysis of compounds comprising them in order to meet the legal requirements and to pursue quality control strategies in the production of functional foods and drugs. This Special Issue Book compiled the 15 recent research and review articles that highlight the isolation, profiling, and analysis of compounds in herbal and plant extracts, as well as quality control and standardized processing strategies for extracts with characteristic compounds.

Polygala tenuifolia --- phenolic glycosides --- saponins --- anti-inflammatory effect --- bioactive compound --- isatidis folium --- HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS --- antiwrinkle activity --- quality control --- response surface methodology --- Boesenbergia rotunda --- Zingiberaceae --- flavonoid --- 4-hydroxypanduratin --- vasorelaxation --- tribe Clauseneae --- DNA barcode --- volatile compounds --- antioxidant activity --- ACE inhibitory activity --- anticancer activity --- α-glucosidase inhibitory activity --- avocado oil --- fatty acids --- hearing loss --- zebrafish --- hair cell --- Schisandra chinensis --- Omija --- dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans --- seed --- flower --- fermented beverage --- dried tepals --- total phenolic content --- total anthocyanin content --- vitamin C --- ultrasound assisted extraction --- biorefining --- fibrosarcoma --- metastasis --- natural products --- plants --- protease inhibitors --- tumor cells --- bombacoideae --- pharmacology --- phytochemical ingredients --- bioactive compounds --- medicine --- Hippophae rhamnoides --- Elaeagnaceae --- citrate derivatives --- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) --- electronic circular dichroism (ECD) --- Dendrobium --- Orchidaceae --- D. nobile --- D. candidum --- D. nobile × candidum --- gamma-irradiated mutant --- metabolomics --- cytotoxicity --- Morus sp. pl. --- cultivar --- mulberry --- 1-DNJ --- HPLC-ESI-MS --- HILIC --- Inonotus obliquus --- inotodiol --- noncompartment analysis --- pharmacokinetic study --- Coreopsis rosea --- Coreopsis verticillata --- mutant cultivar --- dipeptidyl peptidase-IV --- analytical tools --- data analysis --- genetically modified crops --- mass spectrometry --- metabolomics databases --- metabolomics software tools --- omics --- plant biology --- n/a